Developing Topics.

Background: Participation in various social activities of elderly has a significant impact on overall health and quality of life, including physical and metal health. Therefore, in this study, we aim to analyze the types of social activity participation among community-dwelling elderly and examine differences in characteristics, health status, and quality of life according to these types of participation of social activities. Thus, we purpose to utilize the findings of this study as a foundation basis for research aimed at promoting services and intervention related to social activities of elderly in community.

Developing Topics.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy requires timely and accurate diagnosis for prompt drug intervention, emphasizing the need for a more accessible biomarker screening test. Previous studies identified higher expression of oligomeric Aβ in AD patients, however, the quantitative measurements of nasal Aβ42 levels of the full AD continuum remain unknown.

Method: We collected nasal discharge samples from 161 subjects who underwent neuropsychological battery tests and amyloid-PET and nasal Aβ42 levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Developing Topics.

Background: Retirement for elderly people marks a critical turning point in life, acting as a significant personal and social event associated with both positive and negative health impacts. Studies on elderly populations from the successful aging perspective suggest that individual efforts and external support are necessary for successful aging. The WHO emphasizes the importance of a healthy lifestyle in achieving health and well-being in human life and indicates the need for professional programs.

Developing Topics.

Background: Autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) dysfunction emerges early in Alzheimer's disease(AD). In mouse AD models, lysosomal acidification deficits impair ALP in neurons, in some inducing massive autolysosome accumulations, intraneuronal amyloid plaque, and early neuronal death yielding an extracellular amyloid plaque. This distinctive neurodegenerative pattern (PANTHOS) emerges in early-stage AD and is recapitulated in human late-onset AD (accompanying poster).

Developing Topics.

Background: As the global prevalence of dementia continues to rise, South Korea faces the imperative of developing comprehensive policies to address the multifaceted challenges posed by this condition. Creating dementia-friendly communities is important for the inclusion of patients with dementia (PWD) and their families. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze dementia-friendly community policies in Korea using the WHO's dementia inclusive societies framework and to suggest ways to improve such policies.

Developing Topics.

Background: We investigated heterogeneities in clinical progression trajectories among cognitively impaired (CI) older adults who were positive for both beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neurodegeneration biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using trajectory clustering analysis. We then compared clinical and neuroimaging variables across clusters with different clinical trajectories.

Method: CI older adults, consisting of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD dementia were recruited from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's disease (KBASE).

Developing Topics.

Background: The increasing global incidence of dementia is accompanied by rising burdens for caregivers, who face physical and emotional challenges such as depression and pain. Existing research primarily explores the negative impacts of caregiving on quality of life, health, and finances, alongside the benefits of social support and specific programs. However, such approaches might be relatively passive.

Developing Topics.

Background: The interplaying neuropathology of amyloid plaque, tau tangles, and microglia-driven inflammation (tri-pathology) are related to neuronal and synaptic loss damage in Alzheimer's damages. Interventions that target Aβ or tau individually have not yielded substantial breakthroughs. Iron plays a pivotal role in tri-pathology by protein-bound iron-oxide deposition in amyloid plaque, tau tangle, and microglia, resulting in redox-active toxicity or microglial response induction, such as proinflammatory activation, autophagy dysfunction, and ferroptosis.

Developing Topics.

Background: AR1001 is a specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5), which degrades cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, which is critical for learning and memory processes, is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). AR1001 at the oral dose of 30 mg QD is currently in a global Phase 3 clinical trial in early AD patients (NCT05531526).

A Versatile Ionic Liquid Additive for Perovskite Solar Cells: Surface Modification, Hole Transport Layer Doping, and Green Solvent Processing.

Hole-transport layers (HTL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an n-i-p structure are commonly doped by bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (TFSI) salts to enhance hole conduction. While lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) dopant is a widely used and effective dopant, it has significant limitations, including the need for additional solvents and additives, environmental sensitivity, unintended oxidation, and dopant migration, which can lead to lower stability of PSCs. A novel ionic liquid, 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (MMPyTFSI), is explored as an alternative dopant for 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD).

Developing Topics.

Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition in which an individual shows declines in memory or mental function beyond the normal range for their age. Symptoms are not as severe as those with dementia, and people with MCI are able to carry out daily activities. AR1004, known as banhasasim-tang (BHS), is a natural herbal product used in traditional Korean medicine for the treatment of dyspepsia.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Tau-PET imaging allows in-vivo detection of neurofibrillary tangles. One tau-PET tracer (i.e.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Choroid plexus enlargement is implicated in the exacerbation of cognitive impairments characteristic of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Manual volumetric assessment by radiologists, while accurate, is impractical for large-scale application due to its resource-intensive nature. We examine the use of automated brain volumetry software as an efficient and cost-effective alternative for quantifying choroid plexus volume.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Normative percentile (NP) quantifies brain atrophy by comparing regional brain volumes of a subject against age and sex-matched cognitively normal populations. Accurate intracranial volume (ICV) adjustment is vital in NP quantification to minimize the effect of an individual's head size. However, which intracranial volume adjustment method yields reliable normative percentiles remains unclear.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Clinical diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can be challenging, requiring an accurate tool dedicated to this diagnostic hurdle. Since FTD exhibits distinct regional atrophy patterns on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), AI-aided automated brain volume analysis could enhance the clinical diagnostic assessment of FTD, including the detection of the disease and the classification of subtypes, which encompass behavioral variant (BV), semantic variant (SV), and progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA). In this study, we leverage automated brain volumetry software to approach both FTD detection and the differential diagnosis among its subtypes.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: The myelin sheath around axons is of fundamental importance for signal transduction. Myelin is reduced in white matter hyperintensities (WMH), which occur in both small vessel disease (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), giving rise to the question to what extent myelin is reduced in these diseases. Here, we employed an advanced MRI based method to assess myelin independently from a major confounding factor, i.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: This study delves into the relationship between gait disturbances and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), focusing on how these changes correlate with cognitive impairments and key neuropathological indicators.

Method: We prospectively enrolled 48 patients with AD dementia (ADD), 27 patients with prodromal AD (proAD), and 41 cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals between January 2022 and May 2023. Participants underwent brain T1-weighted MRI, 18F-florbetaben PET, neuropsychiatric tests, and APOE genotyping, and quantified gait analysis was assessed using a 5.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly prevalent and accessible beyond research environments. Consequently, it is crucial to determine whether confounding factors, particularly highly prevalent comorbidities, influence the levels of these blood biomarkers, thereby refining their clinical interpretation. In this study, we examined the impact of comorbidities on plasma AD biomarker levels within a memory-clinic cohort.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Vascular cognitive impairment/dementia (VD) is the second most prevalent cause of dementia following Alzheimer's disease (AD). VD is characterized by the progression of white matter hyperintensity burden (WMH) and associated neurodegeneration. GFAP, a biomarker for reactive astrogliosis, is associated with Aß pathology and mediates tau-pathology in preclinical AD.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Blood-based biomarkers offer a cost-effective and simple alternative for clinical use in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has already been shown that plasma phosphorylated tau at threonine 217 (p-tau217) is associated with amyloid (Aß), neurofibrillary tau tangles, and cognitive decline. Longitudinal studies confirmed its ability to track AD progression.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Aß plaques are the first detectable signs of AD pathology. Our group recently demonstrated that the astrocyte activation marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), has a pivotal role in the association between Aß burden and tau phosphorylation. However, the role of astrocyte activation in individuals that do not present detectable Aß pathology using biomarkers is still underexplored.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Changes in brain network organization are influenced by aging. Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aß) and neurodegeneration in the neocortex are also expected to alter neuronal networks. Therefore, we examined the relationship between aging and brain functional connectivity (FC), as well as the effect of brain Aß on this relationship.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is classically viewed as a predominantly amnestic syndrome, with other cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) being non-integral associations. Emerging Evidence suggests that within typical AD, these symptoms are core features from the onset.

Methods: We employed K-modes clustering on 2483 cognitively impaired (CI) individuals (CDR >= 0.

Drug Development.

Background: Impaired Aβ clearance plays a key role in the common, late-onset AD. Anti-Aβ immunotherapies are controversial, in part because of high rates of serious side effects including edema, microhemorrhages, and siderosis, highlighting the importance of the development of alternative Aβ clearance strategy. Here, we introduce a bioinspired nanoparticle named MG-PE3 crossing the human blood-brain barrier (BBB) and clearing Aβ with no adverse effect.

Drug Development.

Background: The Apolipoprotein E4 isoform (ApoE4), encoded by the APOE gene, stands out as the most influential genetic factor in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). The ApoE4 isoform contributes to metabolic and neuropathological abnormalities during brain aging, with a strong correlation observed in APOE4-positive Alzheimer's disease cases between phosphorylated tau burden and amyloid deposition. Despite compelling evidence of APOE-mediated neuroinflammation influencing the progression of tau-mediated neurodegeneration, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain largely unknown.