Reproduction Management of Herds/Flocks of Exotic Animals: Investigating Breeding Failures in Birds, Reptiles, and Small Mammals.

The management of a breeding facility of exotic species is challenging and managing these on a large scale can be a daunting task for general practitioners or novice exotic animal veterinarians. They are usually not trained to work with flocks or herds, and even most exotic animal veterinarians are used to working with single patients. This article gives some suggestions and tips on how to proceed when facing an exotic animal collection and especially when breeding is not as successful as expected.

Predisposing Anatomical Factors of Humeral Fractures in Birds of Prey: A Preliminary Tomographic Comparative Study.

The aim of this study was to identify possible predisposing anatomical factors associated with humeral fractures in birds of prey through comparison of specific anatomical features in different raptor species. An anatomical study of bone features in birds of prey was performed on 3 male subjects from 5 different species. The selected species included in this investigation were 3 diurnal species (the common buzzard [], the peregrine falcon [], and the European honey-buzzard []) and 2 nocturnal species (the barn owl [] and the tawny owl []).

Respiratory Diseases of Parrots: Anatomy, Physiology, Diagnosis and Treatment.

This article is aimed to help the reader to understand better how to diagnose and treat different respiratory diseases in Psittaciformes (parrot-like birds). The article starts from a review of avian respiratory anatomy and physiology, and then moves forward into diagnostic techniques, most common diseases, split in species and anatomic location, and common treatment regimens.

Radiographic Measurements of the Cardiac Silhouette and Comparison with Other Radiographic Landmarks in Wild Galahs ().

Background: Part of the diagnostic workup for cardiac diseases is radiographic imaging. To determine an enlarged heart, species-specific reference values are necessary. Wild birds are rarely diagnosed with cardiac disease, and only a few studies have been done to investigate the cardiac silhouette in wild birds.

Reproductive parameters in some captive-bred cockatoo species (genus and ).

Background: Cockatoo reproduction in captivity supplies a powerful tool to limit the economic motivation to capture endangered species from the wild; nevertheless, scientific data about reproductive parameters in cockatoos are very rare. The aim of the present work was to investigate the reproductive performance of different species of the genus reared in the same facility to evaluate adaptability to captive breeding and to identify the main problems in ex situ conservation of some cockatoo species.

Methods: Data of 28 eggs from 19 reproductive pairs from 9 cockatoo species were analysed.

Humeral air sac cystadenocarcinoma in a rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus).

Background: A 17-year-old female rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus) was presented for a swelling over the right proximal humerus and an inability to fly.

Case Report: Radiographs revealed a markedly osteoproductive and moderately osteolytic lesion of the proximal left humerus with marked associated soft tissue swelling. Biopsy of the proximal humerus was consistent with an air sac cystadenocarcioma.

Multicentric Septic Osteomyelitis and Arthritis Caused by in a Gyrfalcon ().

An adult female gyrfalcon () was presented with a right-wing droop and weight loss. Radiographic images revealed osteolysis and osseous proliferation of the right shoulder and the mobile vertebra between the notarium and synsacrum. The tentative diagnosis was vertebral osteomyelitis secondary to septic arthritis.

Compensatory gastric stretching following subtotal gastric resection due to gastric adenocarcinoma in a diamond python (Morelia spilota spilota).

Case Report: A 7-year-old male diamond python (Morelia spilota spilota) presented with a 2-month history of anorexia and a discrete intracoelomic mass, approximately 15 cm in length, located 90 cm from the head and approximately two-thirds of the snout to vent length. Physical examination determined the mass was likely to be stomach, testes or the right kidney. Radiographs showed a soft tissue opacity mass in the region of the stomach; fine needle aspirate demonstrated cellular debris admixed with bacteria and degenerate heterophils.

Evidence of amphotericin B resistance in Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in Australian cage-birds.

Amphotericin B is widely used for the treatment of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster infections. To date, however, there have been no randomized controlled trials confirming its efficacy where cure was confirmed by postmortem examination. To determine the efficacy of amphotericin B against M.

Reproductive Disorders in Commonly Kept Fowl.

Backyard poultry and other commonly kept fowl species are often kept for their ability to lay eggs. Reproductive disease is common in fowl species. Despite being classified as food-producing species, they can be considered valuable pets, and the demand for adequate veterinary care is constantly increasing.