Influence of gait exercise using a walking-assist robot for swing-leg motion in hemiplegic stroke patients: a preliminary study focusing on the immediate effect.

Unlabelled: Fujii R, Tamari M, Nonaka Y, Tamiya F, Hosokawa H, Tanaka S. Influence of gait exercise using a walking-assist robot for swing-leg motion in hemiplegic stroke patients: A preliminary study focusing on the immediate effect. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2022; 13: 49-55.

Development of a Psychological Scale for Measuring Disruptive Clinician Behavior.

Objectives: Disruptive clinician behavior worsens communication, information transfer, and teamwork, all of which negatively affect patient safety. Improving safety in medical care requires an accurate assessment of the damage caused by disruptive clinician behavior. Psychometric scales complement case reports, but existing scales have significant limitations.

Differences in Improvement of Physical Function in Older Adults with Long-Term Care Insurance with and without Falls: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

(1) Background: This study examined the differences in changes in physical function with and without falls after daycare use among frail older adults with long-term care insurance (LTCI). (2) Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 82 of 96 consecutive daycare center users met the inclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of falls 6-12 months after use.

Short-Term Cast Immobilization of a Unilateral Lower Extremity and Physical Inactivity Induce Postural Instability during Standing in Healthy Young Men.

Previous studies have reported an increased postural sway after short-term unilateral lower limb movement restriction, even in healthy subjects. However, the associations of motion limitation have not been fully established. The question of whether short-term lower limb physical inactivity and movement restriction affect postural control in the upright position remains.

Iguratimod Ameliorates the Severity of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Model Mice by Directly Inhibiting IL-6 Production and Th17 Cell Migration via Mitigation of Glial Inflammation.

We previously reported a novel secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) model, progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (pEAE), in oligodendroglia-specific -inducible conditional knockout ( icKO) mice. Based on our prior study showing the efficacy of iguratimod (IGU), an antirheumatic drug, for acute EAE treatment, we aimed to elucidate the effect of IGU on the SPMS animal model. We induced pEAE by immunizing icKO mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35-55.

Association between Toe Pressure Strength in the Standing Position and Maximum Walking Speed in Older Adults.

Background: Considering concerns about conventional toe grip strength, we devised a method to measure toe pressure strength in the standing position, which is close to the actual motion. This study examined the association between toe pressure strength in the standing position and walking speed among older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 community-dwelling older adults (81±8 years, 73% female) who participated in the physical fitness test.

Effects of Sedentary Behavior on the Complications Experienced by Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review.

Pregnant women are encouraged to reduce sitting time and replace it with physical activity. Complications arising during pregnancy include gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and prenatal and postpartum depression. In this systematic review, we examined effects of sedentary behavior on the health of pregnant women.

Relationship Between Chronic Pain Types (Nociceptive and Neuropathic-Like Symptoms) and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Chronic pain may accelerate the development of frailty in older adults through a variety of mechanisms. There are no published investigations of the influence of neuropathic-like symptoms on physical frailty. We investigated the association between chronic pain types (nociceptive and neuropathic-like symptoms) and frailty in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Relation of sedentary behaviour to physical function in phase I cardiac rehabilitation.

Increased sedentary behaviour (SB) is reportedly associated with mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular disease. However, its relation with physical function is not well understood in phase I cardiac rehabilitation (CR). This study aimed to investigate the rate of SB and the relation between SB and physical function among patients participating in phase I CR.

A Standing Low-frequency Vibration Exercise Device for Improving Balance in Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Single-blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of the standing low-frequency vibration exercise device (SLVED) and walking training on balance ability on an unstable surface in community-dwelling elderly people.

Methods: Thirty-eight older adults were randomly allocated to the SLVED sessions: the intervention group (n = 19), and the walking sessions: the control group (n = 19). Each group session lasted 20 min and was performed twice a week for 12 weeks.

The significance of information and communication technology education via tablets in college of physical therapy.

[Purpose] This study aimed to clarify whether collaborative learning could be promoted via information and communication technology education using tablets at college of physical therapy. [Participants and Methods] An online survey was conducted to evaluate collaborative learning among 81 first-year students at the Department of Physical Therapy actively using tablets in classes (six specific categories). [Results] The Friedman test had significant results, and a significant primary effect was observed between each questionnaire item.

Effect of Leg Length Discrepancy on Dynamic Gait Stability.

Objectives: : It is unclear whether the increased center of mass lateral shift during gait induced by leg length difference induces lateral instability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of leg length discrepancy (LLD) on dynamic gait stability and the compensatory kinematic and dynamic strategies for this effect by using the extrapolated center of mass and margin of stability.

Methods: : Nineteen healthy male participants walked without insoles (no LLD condition; 0 cm) and with added insoles (LLD condition; 3 cm).

Comparison of toe pressure strength in the standing position and toe grip strength in association with the presence of assistance in standing up: a cross-sectional study in community-dwelling older adults.

Purpose: We believe that toe pressure strength in the standing position, which is closer to the actual movement, is more associated with standing up in the older adults than the conventional toe grip strength. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the association between toe pressure strength in the standing position and the presence of assistance in standing up in the older adults.

Methods: Ninety-five community-dwelling older adults (82 ± 8 years old, 72% female) were included in this study.

Relationship between health literacy and physical function of patients participating in phase I cardiac rehabilitation: a multicenter clinical study.

Health literacy (HL) is an important decision factor for health. Both low HL and low physical function cause adverse events in cardiovascular disease patients, but their relationship is not well documented. To clarify the relationship between HL and physical function of patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation and calculate the cutoff value of the 14-item HL scale (HLS) for low handgrip strength, this multicenter clinical study named the Kobe-Cardiac Rehabilitation project for people around the World (K-CREW) was conducted among four affiliated hospitals with patients who underwent cardiac rehabilitation.

Web-Based Exercise Interventions for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Various studies have shown the effectiveness of motor interventions for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Web-based interventions may provide an opportunity for remote access to effective interventions with less burden on therapists. This systematic review aimed to examine the effects of web-based exercise interventions for children with NDDs.

Association between the number of chronic pain sites and neuropathic-like symptoms in community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the number of chronic pain sites and the prevalence and severity of neuropathic-like symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese adults with chronic pain.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: The data analysed are from a study conducted in the city of Itoshima, Japan in 2017.

Family dysfunction is associated with chronic pain in a community-dwelling Japanese population: The Hisayama study.

Background: Poor family functioning has been reported to be associated with the severity of chronic pain in outpatients, but the association has not been fully addressed in general populations. The present study aimed to examine the association between family dysfunction levels and the presence of chronic pain in a community-dwelling Japanese population.

Methods: A total of 2598 participants aged ≥40 years were classified as having healthy, borderline or unhealthy family functioning.

Health Literacy Is Associated with Activities of Daily Living of Patients Participating in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Multicenter Clinical Study.

The activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with cardiac disease tend to decline. A previous study revealed that ADL relates to physical and cognitive functions associated with health literacy (HL). However, the relationship between HL and ADL is not well documented.

Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Interventions for the Prevention of Mental Health Issues in Patients Leaving Intensive Care: A Systematic Review.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions for the prevention of mental health disorders after intensive care unit discharge through a systematic review of the literature. The searches were conducted in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases for studies pertaining to such interventions. Two independent reviewers analyzed the studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the evidence.

Unilateral cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the parietal area modulates postural control depending with eyes open and closed.

Objective: Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (C-tDCS) is generally assumed to inhibit cortical excitability. The parietal cortex contributes to multisensory information processing in the postural control system, and this processing is proposed to be different between the right and left hemispheres and sensory modality. However, previous studies did not clarify whether the effects of unilateral C-tDCS of the parietal cortex on the postural control system differ depending on the hemisphere.

Independent and combined associations of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance with chronic pain in community-dwelling older adults.

Introduction: There is limited evidence regarding whether depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance are independently or synergistically associated with chronic pain.

Objectives: We investigated the independent and combined associations of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance with chronic pain and its severity (and the additive interactions) in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the data of 1374 individuals who were 65 to 75 year old, not in need of long-term care, and completed questionnaires assessing sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms, sleep disturbance, and chronic pain.

Effects of pain-related catastrophic thinking, anxiety, and depression on pain intensity and quality of life in patients with knee and low back pain.

[Purpose] We aimed to examine the effects of pain-related catastrophic thoughts and anxiety/depression on pain intensity and quality of life (QOL), and how these effects (relationships) vary with pain location, in outpatients with chronic pain. [Participants and Methods] We recruited 14 participants with low back pain (2 males and 12 females) and 14 with knee joint pain (3 males and 11 females). We used the following evaluation tools: the visual analog scale (to evaluate pain intensity), pain catastrophizing scale (in which scores are categorized into helplessness, rumination, and magnification), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (for psychodynamic evaluation), and a questionnaire for QOL evaluation.

Changes in postural sway during upright stance after short-term lower limb physical inactivity: A prospective study.

Previous studies have reported that motor behavior is affected by short-term physical inactivity using cast immobilization; however, the effects of inactivity on postural sway are not well-understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term lower limb disuse on postural sway in the upright position after cast removal. Twenty-two healthy young adults were enrolled, and each participant's lower limb on one side was fixed with a soft bandage and medical splint made from metal and soft urethane for 10 h.