[Instruments for assessing stress in Brazilians: an integrative review].

Introduction: Numerous instruments have been developed around the world to assess stress. This study aimed to identify instruments with validation studies that mapping stress in Brazil.

Method: an integrative review was carried out on databases and the Testing System of the Federal Council of Psychology (SATEPSI) in June 2017 and updated this year.

Clinical Outcome Measures in Arthroscopic Meniscectomy: Clinician Patient Completed Knee Scores.

 The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference between clinician-completed and patient-completed outcome scores in detecting improvement following arthroscopic meniscectomy in patients with meniscal tears of the knee.  Thirty-four patients with meniscal tears were prospectively assessed using 9 clinical outcome measures. The five clinician-completed knee scores included the Tegner Activity Score, the Lysholm Knee Score, the Cincinnati Knee Score, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Examination Knee Score, and the Tapper and Hoover Meniscal Grading Score.

Optimal posterior screw placement configuration in Sanders 2B calcaneal fractures: A biomechanical study.

Background: Calcaneal fractures can be high energy intra-articular injuries associated with joint depression. Challenges to fracture reduction include lateral wall blow out, medial wall overlap, comminution and central bone loss. Secondary deformity such as hindfoot varus alters foot biomechanics.

[PAPPS expert group: Lifestyle recommendations].

We present the recommendations of the Preventive Activities and Health Promotion Programme (PAPPS) of the semFYC (Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine) to promote healthy lifestyles using intervention methodology, and preventive actions against tobacco and alcohol use, healthy eating, physical activity in leisure time, prevention of traffic accidents, and child restraint systems. The recommendations have been updated, and new aspects highlighted, such as the definition of low-risk alcohol consumption, and the references have been updated. For the main recommendations, we include specific tables showing the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation.

[Systematic reviews in five steps: V. Interpreting the findings].

The last step in a systematic review is the interpretation of the findings. The important findings need to be explicitly identified. A level of strength of evidence should be assigned to support each key finding, based on factors such as study design, methodological quality and risk of publication bias.

[Pre-clinical validation of a turbine-based ventilator for invasive ventilation-The ACUTE-19 ventilator].

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 pandemic pressure on healthcare systems can exhaust ventilator resources, especially where resources are restricted. Our objective was a rapid preclinical evaluation of a newly developed turbine-based ventilator, named the ACUTE-19, for invasive ventilation.

Methods: Validation consisted of (a) testing tidal volume delivery in 11 simulated models, with various resistances and compliances; (b) comparison with a commercial ventilator (VIVO-50) adapting the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency-recommendations for rapidly manufactured ventilators; and (c) testing in a sheep before and after inducing acute respiratory distress syndrome by saline lavage.

New scenario in the field of medical devices in the European Union: Switzerland and the United Kingdom become third countries.

Objective: To compare the measures taken by the European Union,  Switzerland and the United Kingdom to ensure the continuity of the medical  devices market, complying with the requirements of Regulation  2017/745.

Method: To carry out this work, a review was made of the official websites of  the European Commission, the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health  Products, the Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products and the Medicines and  Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency of the United Kingdom. Bibliographic  searches were also conducted on Pubmed and the internet (Google), using  terms such as "withdrawal of the Mutual Recognition Agreement of Swiss  European Union medical device conformity certificates, new UK medical device  regulation", for a period extending from January 2020 to December 2021.

Cardiovascular Health and Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter: A Cross-Sectional Study from ELSA-Brasil.

Background: The association between ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) status and atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) diagnosis has been less studied compared to other cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To analyze the association between AFF diagnosis and ICVH metrics and scores in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: This study analyzed data from 13,141 participants with complete data.

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Describir y caracterizar las redes formadas detrás del continuo de atención a personas que viven con VIH en México. Material y métodos. Bajo un enfoque de análisis de redes sociales se analizó información sobre las relaciones que establecen los actores que participan en el continuo de atención del VIH.

Association of Paraoxonase-1 Genotype and Phenotype with Angiogram Positive Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: It has been shown that increased serum PON1 levels are protective against several disorders. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PON1 gene have been reported to be associated with serum enzyme protein levels and activity.

Objective: To investigate the association of SNPs of PON1 and serum paraoxonase activity with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Reducing Blood Transfusions in Primary Total Hip Replacement Patients: Effectiveness of Near-patient Testing and a Dedicated Preoperative Anemia Clinic.

 Preoperative anemia in orthopedic patients is associated with higher allogeneic blood transfusion rates and poorer outcomes. Up to 25% of the patients listed for major orthopedic surgery have some degree of anemia. Good perioperative patient blood management is essential to reduce the sequelae of anemia and the need for transfusions.

Acute Effects of Energy Drink on Autonomic and Cardiovascular Parameters Recovery in Individuals with Different Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: It has been suggested that the consumption of energy drinks (ED) may affect cardiovascular activity.

Objectives: to investigate the acute effects of ED intake on heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiovascular recovery after moderate aerobic exercise in males with different cardiorespiratory capacities.

Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study.

Interventions for Basal Cell Carcinoma: Summary of Main Comparisons From a Cochrane Review and a Practical Interpretation of Findings.

Numerous surgical and nonsurgical modalities are available to treat basal cell carcinoma (BCC), but their true effectiveness and safety is unknown. This article summarizes the evidence presented in a recent Cochrane review and aims to facilitate the interpretation of the review's findings for the Spanish and Latin American scientific communities. Much of the evidence the reviewers found came from single studies, preventing meta-analysis.

Burden and Trends of IBD in 5 Asian Countries From 1990 to 2019: A Comparison With the United States and the United Kingdom.

Background: IBD is becoming a global health challenge, with substantial variations in incidence and death rates between Eastern and Western countries.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the burden and trends of IBD in 5 Asian countries, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

[Spectrum of opportunistic fungal lung co-infections in COVID-19: What the radiologist needs to know].

Fungal lung co-infections associated with COVID-19 may occur in severely ill patients or those with underlying co-morbidities, and immunosuppression. The most common invasive fungal infections are caused by aspergillosis, mucormycosis, pneumocystis, cryptococcus, and candida. Radiologists integrate the clinical disease features with the CT pattern-based approach and play a crucial role in identifying these co-infections in COVID-19 to assist clinicians to make a confident diagnosis, initiate treatment and prevent complications.

Wound-related complications in the surgical treatment of vertebral metastatic disease - A case series analysis.

Introduction And Objectives: Spinal metastases (SM) account for 5-30% of patients with cancer, causing pain, deformity and/or neurological deficit. Postoperative complications are a concerning subject and wound-related complications (WRC) may delay adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of WRC in patients with SM that underwent surgical treatment as well as possible risk factors related to the occurrence of complications.

[Systematic reviews in five steps: I. Framing questions to obtain valid answers].

This is the first in a series of five articles on the steps to follow to conduct a successful systematic review. This first article addresses how to formulate the right questions to initiate a systematic review. The key issues are: how to structure the questions appropriately according to the main components: the participants, the interventions or exposures compared, the outcomes measured and the study design; how to anticipate and consider possible variations in each of the components that may arise during the review; and finally, how to prospectively register the protocol of the systematic review.

[Pillars and lines of action for integrated and people- and community-centered health systemsPilares e linhas de ação para sistemas integrados de saúde centrados nas pessoas e nas comunidades].

This paper presents the position of the Latin American working group of the International Foundation for Integrated Care (IFIC). The working group brings together various Latin American actors and organizations in support of actions that facilitate the transformation of health systems in the region towards integrated systems that focus on people not as isolated individuals but as subjects of law in the complex social and environmental contexts where they live and interact. The working group proposes nine pillars of integrated care to be used as a conceptual framework for policy development and changes in practices: 1) shared vision and values; 2) population health; 3) people and communities as partners; 4) resilient communities; 5) capacities of human resources for health; 6) governance and leadership; 7) digital solutions; 8) aligned payment systems; and 9) public transparency.

[Systematic reviews in fivesteps: III. Assessing the quality of the literature].

Study quality assessment plays a key role in every step of the process when conducting a systematic review. Checklists are used to perform an accurate quality assessment. They include generic questions relevant to the design of the studies included in the review.

Longitudinal Changes in Physical Activity Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Parameters in Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background: Previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that physical activity is associated with lower cardiovascular risk in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, it is not possible to establish causality, and longitudinal design studies are required.

Objective: To analyze the changes in cardiovascular risk parameters and physical activity levels after a 2-year follow-up in patients with symptomatic PAD.

Translation into Spanish and field-testing of a new score for evaluating psoriasis severity: The Simplified Psoriasis Index (SPI).

Background: The simplified psoriasis index (SPI) was developed in the United Kingdom to provide a simple summary measure for monitoring changes in psoriasis severity and associated psychosocial impact as well as for obtaining information about past disease behavior and treatment. Two complementary versions of the SPI allow for self-assessment by the patient or professional assessment by a doctor or nurse. Both versions have proven responsive to change, reliable, and interpretable, and to correlate well with assessment tools that are widely used in clinical trials - the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index.