Third-Wave CBT Online Intervention for Older Adults Inspired by ACT Principles: An Evaluation of Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness in Adults Age 75 and Older.

Objectives: This study assessed the feasibility and efficacy of "Online Resilience," a three-lesson online intervention based on third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles, inspired by acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), designed for emotionally healthy adults aged 75 and older.

Methods: A randomized controlled study with 62 participants (mean age = 81) divided into Experimental and Control groups. Outcomes included resilience, well-being, mood, and sleep quality, measured pre-, post-, and at one-month follow-up.

Alterations in Response Switching in Parkinson's Disease: New Insights Into Cueing.

Switching, a critical executive function, can manifest as task switching (TS) or response switching (RS). Although TS impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) are well-studied, RS, especially in contexts requiring adaptive behavior to external or internal cues, is less explored. This study evaluated the impact of PD on RS under exogenous and endogenous cueing.

Left out and vilified: Do the effects of political metaphors on spatial orientation judgments indicate a taboo effect?

Can aversion from a political ideology lead to rapid, automatic rejection of said ideology? We tested this question in the Israeli political context using a spatial Stroop task to examine whether politically charged left-wing terms would elicit slower verbal latencies. In Study 1 (  85), participants were presented with left- and right-wing political terms presented either in a congruent or incongruent spatial location and were asked to verbally indicate only the location of the word. Study 2 ( = 128), replicated this procedure with the Hebrew words for "left" and "right" and examined whether political awareness primes would amplify the effect.

Attitude moralization in the context of collective action: How participation in collective action may foster moralization over time.

Although much is known about why people engage in collective action participation (e.g., politicized identity, group-based anger), little is known about the psychological consequences of such participation.

ChiTaRS 8.0: the comprehensive database of chimeric transcripts and RNA-seq data with applications in liquid biopsy.

Gene fusions are nucleotide sequences formed due to errors in replication and transcription control. These errors, resulting from chromosomal translocation, transcriptional errors or trans-splicing, vary from cell to cell. The identification of fusions has become critical as key biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapy in various cancers, significantly influencing modern medicine.

Perceptual learning and neural correlates of virtual navigation in subjective cognitive decline: A pilot study.

Spatial navigation deficits in age-related diseases involve brain changes affecting spatial memory and verbal cognition. Studies in blind and blindfolded individuals show that multisensory training can induce neuroplasticity through visual cortex recruitment. This proof-of-concept study introduces a digital navigation training protocol, integrating egocentric and allocentric strategies with multisensory stimulation and visual masking to enhance spatial cognition and brain connectivity in 17 individuals (mean age 57.

Exposure to child sexual abuse materials among law enforcement investigative personnel: Exploring trauma and resilience profiles.

Objective: This study aimed to identify distinct profiles of investigators based on their exposure to child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and associated mental health symptomatology. Specifically, the study seeks to differentiate resilient profiles from those exhibiting psychopathologies. Additionally, this research explores resilience as a transdiagnostic and distal factor, examining individual- and agency-level coping and resiliency factors.

Anti-vitamin D antibodies.

Background: Low vitamin D levels are commonly observed in autoimmune diseases, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis. The presence of anti-vitamin D antibodies may contribute to these deficiencies and influence autoimmune processes.

Objective: To review and analyze studies investigating the occurrence of anti-vitamin D antibodies in autoimmune diseases.

Thinking in 3D: A multidimensional mapping of the effects of distance on abstraction.

Despite a large body of research concerning the effects of psychological distance, our understanding about how different dimensions of distance interact and influence cognition is still limited. In this study, we moved beyond first-order approximations of the effects of psychological distance, to map the effects of multidimensional events as they appear in the world. We developed a novel experimental idiographic paradigm in which participants were asked to generate narratives of events.

Beyond the Surface: A New Perspective on Dual-System Theories in Decision-Making.

The current paper provides a critical evaluation of the dual-system approach in cognitive psychology. This evaluation challenges traditional classifications that associate intuitive processes solely with noncompensatory models and deliberate processes with compensatory ones. Instead, it suggests a more nuanced framework where intuitive and deliberate characteristics coexist within both compensatory and noncompensatory processes.

Intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapy for autoimmune conditions.

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a medical preparation used as replacement therapy for patients with immunodeficiencies. Over time, IVIg's anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects have been recognized, which have led to the approval of this therapy in the treatment of various pathologies, such as Kawasaki disease, immune thrombocytopenia, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. There are numerous studies in the literature regarding the off-label use of IVIg in the treatment of autoimmune diseases (e.

Acupuncture therapy in autoimmune diseases: A narrative review.

We provide a narrative review of experimental and clinical evidence for the effect of acupuncture in autoimmune diseases, based on randomized controlled studies, systematic review and meta-analyses, published between the years 2000-2023. Acupuncture in experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis (UC) downregulated inflammatory cytokine expression, increased IL-10 expression, improved Treg cell differentiation, and also modulated macrophage polarization in RA and UC models. The anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture in autoimmune disorders has been demonstrated to involve vagal-adrenal and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways.

The Organization of Anxiety Symptoms Along the Threat Imminence Continuum.

Pathological anxiety is highly prevalent, impairing, and often chronic. Yet, despite considerable research, mechanistic understanding of anxiety and its translation to clinical practice remain limited. Here, we first highlight two foundational complications that contribute to this gap: a reliance on a phenomenology-driven definition of pathological anxiety in neurobiological mechanistic research, and a limited understanding of the chronicity of anxiety symptom expression.

Artificial intelligence meets the world experts; updates and novel therapies in autoimmunity - The 14th international congress on autoimmunity 2024 (AUTO14), Ljubljana.

The bi-annual international congress on autoimmunity is a huge opportunity for the medical community to discuss the latest updates in the field. During the 14th congress 2024 (AUTO14) in Ljubljana, artificial intelligence (AI) occupied special attention due to its recent and ongoing unequivocal role in various medical fields including autoimmunity. For instance, through a challenging debate between world-experts and the most popular AI bot used (ChatGPT), several clinical cases including a case of vasculitis were discussed in the plenary sessions.

Conflicting interpretations and FDA reputation: the case of post-market surveillance of breast implants.

Conflicting interpretations regarding the severity of the adverse effects associated with FDA-approved drugs and therapies are common among the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the medical community, patients, and the general public. However, scholars have paid little attention to how these conflicting interpretations may affect the FDA's reputation for facilitating inclusive dialogue between competing policy actors. Focusing on breast implants, a medical device characterized by a stormy regulatory past, we observe that the design properties of post-market surveillance are adjusted to low-quality information.

A preliminary study of threat-anticipatory responding in Latina youth: associations with age, anxiety, and cortical thickness.

Variation in prefrontal cortex neuroanatomy has been previously associated with elevated physiological responses to anticipated aversive events. The extent to which such associations extend beyond the specific ecology of treatment-seeking youth from upper-middle socioeconomic backgrounds is unknown. The current study tests the replicability of neuroanatomical correlates of anticipatory responding and the moderating roles of age and anxiety severity in a community sample of Latina girls, a historically underrepresented group exhibiting high levels of untreated anxiety.

Overweight and obesity among Israeli adolescents and the risk for serious morbidity in early young adulthood: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Background: Morbidities related to obesity are usually associated with its severity and duration. Yet, the onset of serious morbidities in early adulthood among otherwise healthy adolescents with obesity is understudied. We aimed to investigate the association between adolescent BMI and serious morbidities before age 25 years.

Adolescent Blood Pressure and Early Age Stroke.

Background: Underdiagnosis of relevant risk factors has contributed to the increasing stroke incidence in young adults. Blood pressure cut-off values for adolescents are neither sex specific nor based on cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods: This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study included all Israeli adolescents 16-19 years of age who were medically evaluated before compulsory military service from 1985 to 2013, including routine blood pressure measurements.

Political ideology shapes support for the use of AI in policy-making.

In a world grappling with technological advancements, the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in governance is becoming increasingly realistic. While some may find this possibility incredibly alluring, others may see it as dystopian. Society must account for these varied opinions when implementing new technologies or regulating and limiting them.

[HIPPOCRATES AND LANGUAGE MODELS - PRIMUM NON NOCERE - FIRST, DO NO HARM].

For millennia, the ethos of "First, Do No Harm", attributed to Hippocrates, has been a cornerstone of medicine. This principle emphasizes the responsibility and ethical commitment of the clinician to the benefit of their patient. Recently, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the medical world, significantly affecting not only diagnosis, treatment plans, research, medical education, and medical ethics, but also the way we think.

The Challenges of Forensic Medicine in Victim Identification in the Wake of the October 7th (2023) Mass Casualty Event.

Background: The massive terrorist attack on a mixed population of civilians, soldiers, and foreigners on October 7, 2023, resulted in 1200 casualties and led to many major personal identification issues. At the Israel National Center for Forensic Medicine (INCFM), addressing the mass casualty incidents required precision that included technical, ethical, and humanitarian dimensions. Many obstacles arose that were attributable to the vast number and diversity of victims and the heavy workload in the setting of a small forensic team.

Threat Appraisal and Pediatric Anxiety: Proof of Concept of a Latent Variable Approach.

Elevated threat appraisal is a postulated neurodevelopmental mechanism of anxiety disorders. However, laboratory-assessed threat appraisals are task-specific and subject to measurement error. We utilized latent variable analysis to integrate youth's self-reported threat appraisals across different experimental tasks; we next examined associations with pediatric anxiety as well as behavioral and psychophysiological task indices.