Vulnerability and Adaptation to Extreme Heat in Odisha, India: A Community Based Comparative Study.

Background: Extreme heat and heat illness are becoming very frequent in India. We aimed to identify the factors associated with heat illness and the coping practices among city dwellers of Odisha, India during the summer.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 766 households (HHs) in twin cities of Odisha covering a population of 1099 (slum: 404 and non-slum: 695) in the year 2017.

An insight into molecular interaction of PGIP with PG for banana cultivar.

PolyGalacturonase Inhibiting Proteins (PGIPs) are leucine rich repeat pathogenesis-related (PR) cell wall proteins, which interact and inhibit the PolyGalacturonase (PG), an enzyme secreted by the pathogen to degrade pectin. Interaction of PGIP with PG limits the vulnerability of PG by the activation of host defense response against pathogenic attack. is gram-negative soft rot bacteria responsible for rhizome rot disease in banana and many other crop plants.

Intrapartum monitoring using partograph at secondary level public health facilities-A cross-sectional study in Odisha, India.

Context: Partograph is a simple, effective and low-cost intrapartum monitoring tool that helps in early identification of complications if any and helps in prompt intervention to save the life of the mother and the newborn. There is limited study about its usage and challenges in plotting from India particularly Odisha.

Aim: To determine the usage of partograph and explore the issues/challenges in its plotting at various levels of health facilities.

Risk factors for dengue outbreaks in Odisha, India: A case-control study.

Background: Environmental and climatic risk factors of dengue outbreak has been studied in detail. However, the socio-epidemiological association with the disease is least explored. The study aims to identify the social and ecological factors associated with emerging dengue in Odisha, India.

Molecular characterization of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses circulating at various geographical locations in India, 2017.

Background & Objectives: Influenza virological surveillance is an essential tool for the early detection of novel genetic variants of epidemiologic and clinical significance. This study was aimed to genetically characterize A(H1N1)pdm09 virus circulating in 2017 and to compare it with the global data.

Methods: The regional/State Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratories (VRDLs) provided influenza diagnosis for referred clinical samples and shared influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 positives with the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV), Pune, India, for hemagglutinin (HA) gene phylogenetic analysis.

Association of GDNF and CNTNAP2 gene variants with gambling.

Background And Aims: Some form of gambling can be observed in nearly every society, as the gratification felt upon winning in uncertain conditions is universal. A culturally distinct form of gambling, associated with a traditional sporting event of archery known as "," is innate to the province of Meghalaya, India. The objective of this study was to find genetic variants underlying this unique form of behavioral addiction.

Decreased Artemisinin Sensitivity of across India.

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been used to treat uncomplicated infections in India since 2004. Since 2008, a decrease in artemisinin effectiveness has been seen throughout the Greater Mekong Subregion. The geographic proximity and ecological similarities of northeastern India to Southeast Asia may differentially affect the long-term management and sustainability of ACT in India.

Distribution of and associated factors for dengue burden in the state of Odisha, India during 2010-2016.

This study is aimed to estimate the epidemiological burden of dengue in Odisha, India using the disability adjusted life year (DALY) methods and to explore the associated factors in the year 2010-2016. During the period of 2010-2016, 27 772 cases (68.4% male) were reported in the state.

Autologous Platelet Concentrates in Treatment of Furcation Defects-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the adjunctive effect of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) for the treatment of furcation defects, in terms of scientific quality of the clinical trials and regeneration parameters assessment.

Methods: A systematic search was carried out in the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and EMBASE, together with hand searching of relevant journals. Two independent reviewers screened the articles yielded in the initial search and retrieved the full-text version of potentially eligible studies.

Review on molecular and biochemical insights of arsenic-mediated male reproductive toxicity.

Arsenic is a natural metalloid found in abundance, in the environment. Exposure to arsenic can cause health issues due to its carcinogenic nature. The primary source of arsenic contact is drinking water.

Filarial infection during pregnancy has profound consequences on immune response and disease outcome in children: A birth cohort study.

Background: Current Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) that prohibits pregnant mothers and children below two years of age from coverage targeted interruption of transmission after 5-6 rounds of annual mass drug administration (MDA). However, after more than 10 rounds of MDA in India the target has not been achieved, which poses challenge to the researchers and policy makers. Several studies have shown that in utero exposure to maternal filarial infections plays certain role in determining the susceptibility and disease outcome in children.

Hepatitis E infection in Odisha, India: A descriptive analysis.

Up to 25% of hepatitis E virus (HEV)-infected pregnant women in their third trimester die. Despite HEV being an important cause of viral hepatitis, no robust surveillance exists in India. We reviewed jaundice outbreaks records and hospital records from jaundiced individuals seeking treatment and linked those records to laboratory results (HEV immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for January 2012 to September 2013 in Odisha state.

Clinically relevant yeast species identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region of r-RNA gene and Vitek 2 compact (YST card) commercial identification system: Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Assam, Northeast India.

In this retrospective study from 2012 to 2015, 333 clinical isolates of yeasts were identified using Vitek 2 Compact System YST ID card (Biomerieux, France) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Eighteen species were identified by ITS sequencing. Candida albicans was the most common species (46.

A chart review of morbidity patterns among adult patients attending primary care setting in urban Odisha, India: An International Classification of Primary Care experience.

Introduction: Disease burden estimations based on sound epidemiological research provide the foundation for designing health services. Patients visiting a primary care often present with symptoms and signs. Understanding the burden is crucial for developing countries including India.

In vitro adaptability of to different fresh serum alternatives.

To reduce the dependency on fresh AB serum in continuous culture of , a comparative study was undertaken to assess the in vitro adaptability of to media supplemented with fresh AB serum from whole blood, AB plasma, serum derived from AB plasma, AB human serum from Sigma, Albumax II, fetal bovine serum and new born calf serum, independently and in different combinations. Combinations were used to analyze whether two different substitutes demonstrate any synergistic effect on the growth of the parasites. Our findings exhibited that the combination of fresh human serum and Albumax II showed good growth pattern in comparison to that of fresh serum and can thereby be instrumental in reducing the role of fresh human serum in continuous parasite maintenance.

Antimalarial silver and gold nanoparticles: Green synthesis, characterization and in vitro study.

In the present study, we are reporting antimalarial potential of silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs) nanoparticles synthesized by leaf and bark extract of Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston (Myrtaceae). AuNPs and AgNPs obtained by both the extracts were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Changes in sexual behavior and contraceptive use after HIV acquisition and factors associated with risky sexual practices among people living with HIV in selected Indian cities.

Background: Sexual behavior and contraceptive use among HIV-infected persons are a neglected issue in public health programs.

Objectives: To understand sexual practices and contraceptive use of people living with HIV (PLHIV) before and after being diagnosed with the infection and assess the providers' perspectives on provision of contraceptives to PLHIV, the quality of services provided and linkages between reproductive health and HIV services.

Methods: A mix method design study using a purposive sampling was undertaken enrolling PLHIV from ART centers and PLHIV networks across three cities in India.

Maternal Filarial Infection Influences the Development of Regulatory T Cells in Children from Infancy to Early Childhood.

Background: Children born from filarial infected mothers are comparatively more susceptible to filarial infection than the children born to uninfected mothers. But the mechanism of such increased susceptibility to infection in early childhood is not exactly known. Several studies have shown the association of active filarial infection with T cell hypo-responsiveness which is mediated by regulatory T cells (Tregs).

Increased IgG antibody responses to excretory/secretory antigens in neonates born from mothers infected with filarial nematodes.

The present investigation aimed to evaluate the extent to which maternal filarial infection influences IgG subclass immune responses in the cord blood of neonates. Prevalence of antigenaemia was detected using an Og4C3 assay. Filaria-specific IgG subclasses against excretory/secretory antigens were measured by ELISA.

Chelonitoxism in Andaman and Nicobar Island: A report on mass poisoning including a death of an adult.

Chelonitoxism is a type of seafood poisoning which usually occurs due to consumption of certain marine turtle flesh. As the pharmacology or chemistry of the toxin is still unknown, antidote or treatment to chelonitoxism is unavailable. The symptoms can vary from common gastro-intestinal symptoms to neurological manifestations and even death.

Predictors and respiratory depositions of airborne endotoxin in homes using biomass fuels and LPG gas for cooking.

Recent studies have highlighted the presence of endotoxin in indoor air and its role in respiratory morbidities. Burning of household fuels including unprocessed wood and dried animal dung could be a major source of endotoxin in homes. We measured endotoxin levels in different size fractions of airborne particles (PM10, PM2.

Co-infection of scrub typhus and leptospirosis in patients with pyrexia of unknown origin in Longding district of Arunachal Pradesh in 2013.

Background: Scrub typhus and leptospirosis are bacterial zoonotic disease causing high morbidity and mortality. The seasonal outbreak of pyrexia is common in Arunachal Pradesh (AP); many times the disease remains undiagnosed.

Objective: An outbreak of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) occurred in Longding district of Arunachal Pradesh in 2013, with 108 deaths, which was investigated to elucidate the cause of illness.

Green and ecofriendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Characterization, biocompatibility studies and gel formulation for treatment of infections in burns.

The current study summarizes a unique green process for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by simple treatment of silver nitrate with aqueous extract of Ammania baccifera. Phytosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by various advanced analytical methods and studied for its use against infections associated with burns. Formation of AgNPs was observed by visual color change from colorless to dark brown and confirmed by UV-visible characteristic peak at 436 nm.

Synthesis of multi ring-fused imidazo [1,2- a]isoquinoline-based fluorescent scaffold as anti-Herpetic agent.

Background: Natural product-inspired synthesis is a key incorporation in modern diversity-oriented synthesis to yield biologically novel scaffold. Inspired by β-carboline fused system, we have designed molecules with multi ring fused scaffold by modifying the tricyclic pyrido[3,4- b]indole ring with imidazo[1,2- a]isoquinoline.

Methods: A highly convergent approach with new C-N and C-C bond formation to synthesize multiring fused complex scaffold imidazo[1,2- a]isoquinolinies as fluorophores.