Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Differentiating Alcohol Associated Hepatitis from Acute Decompensation in Patients with ALD.

Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is the most severe form of alcohol-related liver disease. The natural course of alcohol-related liver disease is influenced by heavy alcohol consumption and abstinence periods. Differentiating between AH and decompensated cirrhosis (DC) could be extremely challenging in clinical practice due to clinical and bioclinical similarities.

A novel step-by-step training program for transanal endoscopic surgery.

Background: The objective of our study is to develop an effective training platform for transanal endoscopic surgery and to validate a step-by-step training program for learning the basic skills necessary for this approach.

Methods: We have designed a two-part study: an experimental study (with the aim to design the training platform and the training exercises - on synthetic and biological material) and a prospective analytical study, in order to validate the training program by enrolling as participants general surgery residents and specialists, without previous experience in transanal endoscopic interventions. The performance of the participants was assessed based on the time of completion, as well as the quality of the execution.

Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy for non-traumatic indications-a systematic review.

Purpose: Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy (EPD) is an uncommon surgical procedure; usually, it is performed in traumatic cases, with non-traumatic indications being very rare. Our review aimed to offer a comprehensive descriptive overview of the characteristics of EPD in non-traumatic settings.

Methods: Our study is a review of individual participant data.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the training of general surgery residents: Surgical training and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The educational process of young doctors should be a topic of high interest, since it is central to preparing the new generations of healthcare providers. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the medical system on multiple levels, including medical education.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive survey study, designed to reflect the impact of the pandemic on the training of general surgery residents.

A retrospective analysis of bile duct injuries treated in a tertiary center: the utility of a universal classification-the ATOM classification.

Background: Bile duct injuries (BDI) are the most feared complications that can occur after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). BDI have a high variability and complexity, several classifications being developed along the years in order to correctly assess and divide BDI. The EAES ATOM classification encompasses all the important details of a BDI: A (for anatomy), To (for time of), and M (for mechanism) but have not gained universal acceptance yet.

Emergency Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Non-Trauma Center Case Series.

(1) Background: Emergency pancreatoduodenectomy (EPD) is a rare procedure, especially in non-trauma centers. Pancreatoduodenectomy is a challenging intervention, that has even higher risks in emergency settings. However, EPD can be a life-saving procedure in selected cases.

The role of systemic immuno-inflammatory factors in resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a cohort retrospective study.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy, surgery being the only potentially curative treatment. The systemic inflammatory response is an important factor in the development of cancer. There is still controversy regarding its role in pancreatic cancer.

The Role of IL-22 in Wound Healing. Potential Implications in Clinical Practice.

Wound healing is a complex process that is mediated and influenced by several cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine that plays a critical role in tissue regeneration. Our study is a systematic review that addressed the implications of IL-22 in the healing of wounds caused by external factors.

The role of artificial intelligence in pancreatic surgery: a systematic review.

Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML), is being slowly incorporated in medical practice, to provide a more precise and personalized approach. Pancreatic surgery is an evolving field, which offers the only curative option for patients with pancreatic cancer. Increasing amounts of data are available in medicine: AI and ML can help incorporate large amounts of information in clinical practice.

COVID-19 Vaccinations: Summary Guidance for Cancer Patients in 28 Languages: Breaking Barriers to Cancer Patient Information.

Background: Covid-19 vaccination has started in the majority of the countries at the global level. Cancer patients are at high risk for infection, serious illness, and death from COVID-19 and need vaccination guidance and support. Guidance availability in the English language only is a major limit for recommendations' delivery and their application in the world's population and generates information inequalities across the different populations.

Integration of Real-Time Image Fusion in the Robotic-Assisted Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with its mortality rate correlated with the tumor staging; i.e., early detection and treatment are important factors for the survival rate of patients.

Greyscale and contrast enhanced ultrasonography for characterization of gastric malignant tumors.

Aims: To evaluate the utility of grey scale ultrasonography (US) and contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for characterization of malignant gastric tumors.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted prospectively and it included a number of 30 patients with malignant gastric tumors diagnosed through upper tract endoscopy and biopsy: 25 adenocarcinomas, 3 lymphomas, and 2 stromal tumors. All the patients were examined by US, followed immediately by CEUS, using both oral and intravenous contrast agents.

Esophageal per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia: first case reported in Eastern Europe.

Traditional endoscopic treatment of achalasia consists of endoscopic balloon dilatation with the inconvenience of the recurrence of symptoms and the necessity of repeated sessions. Surgical laparoscopic procedure has been advocated to be more efficient especially in young patients because it sections the lower oesophageal sphincter via a transabdominal approach. The long term most severe complication has been refractory reflux oesophagitis due mainly to the alteration of the oesogastric antireflux anatomy (Hiss angle).