Cytotoxicity assessment of exfoliated MoS using primary human mast cells and the progenitor cell-derived mast cell line LAD2.

Molybdenum disulfide is an emerging 2D material with several potential applications in medicine. Therefore, it is crucial to ascertain its biocompatibility. Mast cells are immune cells that are found in many organs and tissues in contact with the extracellular environment, and can be cultured from progenitor cells present in the bone marrow.

Effects of industrially produced 2-dimensional molybdenum disulfide materials in primary human basophils.

MoS has been increasingly used in place of graphene as a flexible and multifunctional 2D material in many biomedical applications such as cancer detection and drug delivery, which makes it crucial to evaluate downstream compatibility in human immune cells. Molybdenum is a component of stainless-steel stent implants and has previously been implicated in stent hypersensitivity. In view of this, it is important to ascertain the effect of MoS on allergy-relevant cells.

Assessment of skin sensitization properties of few-layer graphene and graphene oxide through the Local Lymph Node Assay (OECD TG 442B).

Skin contact is one of the most common exposure routes to graphene-based materials (GBMs) during their small-scale and industrial production or their use in technological applications. Nevertheless, toxic effects in humans by cutaneous exposure to GBMs remain largely unexplored, despite skin contact to other related materials has been associated with adverse effects. Hence, this in vivo study was carried out to evaluate the cutaneous effects of two GBMs, focusing on skin sensitization as a possible adverse outcome.

SERS-Based Methodology for the Quantification of Ultratrace Graphene Oxide in Water Samples.

The extensive use of graphene materials in real-world applications has increased their potential release into the environment. To evaluate their possible health and ecological risks, there is a need for analytical methods that can quantify these materials at very low concentrations in environmental media such as water. In this work, a simple, reproducible, and sensitive method to detect graphene oxide (GO) in water samples using the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique is presented.

Farming Practices Influence Antibiotic Resistance and Biogenic Amine Capacity of Staphylococci from Bulk Tank Ewe's Milk.

Staphylococci are one of the main microorganisms responsible for intramammary infections in sheep, causing important economic losses for farmers and eventually health problems in humans, especially by the consumption of dairy products made with raw milk containing toxic compounds, such as biogenic amines or antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study aimed to check the presence and safety of staphylococci in bulk tank ewe's milk from different farms, and to determine the relationship between the presence of these staphylococci and farming practices, by applying nonlinear canonical correlation models (OVERALS). Two-hundred and fifty-nine staphylococci from milk samples from eighteen farms were genotyped and representative isolates of the major clusters were identified as belonging to , , , , , and species.

Insights into the mechanism of the formation of noble metal nanoparticles by NMR spectroscopy.

High-resolution solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to gain insights into the mechanism of the formation of gold, platinum and gold-platinum alloyed nanoparticles using metal precursors and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) as starting materials. THPC is widely used in nanochemistry as a reductant and stabilizer of nanoparticles, however the identity of the species responsible for each role is unknown. The multinuclear study of the reaction media by NMR spectroscopy allowed us to elucidate the structure of all the compounds that participate in the transformation from the metal salt precursor to the reduced metal that forms the nanoparticle, thus clarifying the controversy found in the literature regarding the formation of THPC-based compounds.