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Background: Accuracy of intraepithelial lymphocytes counts for diagnosing mild enteropathy coeliac disease in absence of villous atrophy can be limited by inappropriate controls included in the studies.

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of intraepithelial lymphocytes counts utilising controls lacking HLA coeliac disease-associated alleles.

Methods: Intraepithelial lymphocytes counting at villus tip and per 100 enterocytes was performed at haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and CD3-stainings in: 29 cases (21 with potential coeliac disease and 8 affected by latent coeliac disease) representing the patient population and 14 noncoeliac controls lacking HLA-DQ2/DQ8 alleles.

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