Sergentomyia khawi: a potential vector for Leishmania and Trypanosoma parasites affecting humans and animals and insecticide resistance status in endemic areas of Songkhla, southern Thailand.

Background: Sand flies serve as crucial vectors in various medical and veterinary diseases. Sand fly-borne diseases pose a significant public health burden globally, as the causative agents can infect a diverse range of hosts, leading to severe consequences such as leishmaniasis and sand fly fever. Additionally, the widespread use of insecticides for agricultural purposes and mosquito control is not specifically targeted at sand flies, potentially leading to resistance development.

Cycloadditions of 4-Alkenyl-2-aminothiazoles with Nitroalkenes in the Formal Synthesis of Pramipexole: An Experimental and Computational Study.

4-Alkenyl-2-dialkylaminothiazoles act as in-out dienes in [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions with nitroalkenes, furnishing 2-amino-6-nitro-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzothiazoles in moderate to good yields, accompanied by a subsequent 1,3- migration. These transformations proceed with exquisite site-, regio-, and diastereoselectivity. This strategy is further enriched by revealing a novel route for pramipexole synthesis.

Cortisone in saliva of pigs: validation of a new assay and changes after thermal stress.

Background: Cortisone is derived from cortisol through the action of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II, and it has gained importance in recent years as a biomarker of stress. This study aimed to develop and validate an assay for the measurement of cortisone in pig saliva and evaluate whether its concentration varies in stressful situations. For this purpose, a specific immunoassay was developed and validated analytically, and a study was performed to evaluate whether cortisone concentrations in saliva can vary under heat stress conditions.

Changes in cortisol, cortisone and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II activity in saliva during pregnancy and lactation in sows.

The activity of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II (11β-HSD type II), which can be estimated by the combined measurement of cortisol and cortisone, is gaining importance as a marker for the assessment of stress in pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of this enzyme and the salivary concentrations of cortisol and cortisone in pigs during pregnancy, farrowing and lactation and to compare it with other stress-related biomarkers such as Chromogranin A (CgA), S100A12 and alpha-amylase. Salivary cortisone concentrations and 11β-HSD type II activity decreased after farrowing, while cortisol concentrations increased.

Novel application for graphene oxide-based ionanofluids in flat plate solar thermal collectors.

This study presents new ionanofluids (INF) composed of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid (IL) and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles which have been assessed for the first time in an experimental flat plate solar thermal collector (FPSC). For this purpose, four types of INFs were synthesized, maintaining a constant concentration of GO nanoparticles dispersed in different base fluids: ionic liquid (IL/GO), a mixture of ionic liquid and water in varying concentrations (IL-water (75-25)%/GO and IL-water (50-50)%/GO), and water (Water/GO). These four INFs were characterized and their thermophysical and physicochemical properties were determined.

Mitigating lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment in human dental pulp stem cells with tideglusib-doped nanoparticles: Enhancing osteogenic differentiation and mineralization.

Objective: Drug-loaded non-resorbable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are proposed as an adjunctive treatment for pulp regenerative strategies. The present in vitro investigation aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of tideglusib-doped nanoparticles (TDg-NPs) in mitigating the adverse effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS) on the viability, morphology, migration, differentiation and mineralization potential of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

Methods: Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation were assessed using a MTT assay, cell migration evaluation, cell cytoskeleton staining analysis, Alizarin Red S staining and expression of the odontogenic related genes by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were also performed.

The Early Appearance of Asthma and Its Relationship with Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review.

Asthma is, worldwide, the most frequent non-communicable disease affecting both children and adults, with high morbidity and relatively low mortality, compared to other chronic diseases. In recent decades, the prevalence of asthma has increased in the pediatric population, and, in general, the risk of developing asthma and asthma-like symptoms is higher in children during the first years of life. The "gut-lung axis" concept explains how the gut microbiota influences lung immune function, acting both directly, by stimulating the innate immune system, and indirectly, through the metabolites it generates.

Validation of a UPLC-MS/MS Method for Multi-Matrix Biomonitoring of Toxins in Humans.

Mycotoxins, natural toxins produced by fungi, contaminate nearly 80% of global food crops. mycotoxins, including alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethylether (AME), and tenuazonic acid (TeA), present a health concern due to their prevalence in various plants and fruits. Exposure to these toxins exceeds the threshold of toxicological concern in some European populations, especially infants and toddlers.

"Vascular tuft sign" in neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas.

The often well-developed microvasculature in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) has been studied from different perspectives. However, some detailed structural findings have received less attention. Our objective is to study an overlooked event in PanNETs: "enclosed vascular tufts" (EVTs).

New Potential Pharmacological Options for Endometriosis Associated Pain.

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, affecting 10-15% of women of reproductive age. Pain is the most common symptom. Treatment options include surgery, which has limited effectiveness and high recurrence rates, and pharmacotherapy.

Molecular Docking Studies of Ortho-Substituted Phenols to Tyrosinase Helps Discern If a Molecule Can Be an Enzyme Substrate.

Phenolic compounds with a position ortho to the free phenolic hydroxyl group occupied can be tyrosinase substrates. However, ortho-substituted compounds are usually described as inhibitors. The mechanism of action of tyrosinase on monophenols is complex, and if they are ortho-substituted, it is more complicated.

Sporadic feeding regulates robust food entrainable circadian clocks in blind cavefish.

The circadian clock represents a key timing system entrained by various periodic signals that ensure synchronization with the environment. Many investigations have pointed to the existence of two distinct circadian oscillators: one regulated by the light-dark cycle and the other set by feeding time. Blind cavefish have evolved under extreme conditions where they completely lack light exposure and experience food deprivation.

Salivary oxytocin changes and effect of the season in sows kept in different farrowing systems: Farrowing crate and farrowing pen with temporary crating.

Alternative farrowing systems that have been developed in recent years could have a positive effect on the welfare of sows during farrowing and lactation. Oxytocin measurements in saliva may provide information about positive animal welfare status. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in salivary oxytocin concentrations in sows during the lactation period in three different farrowing systems and in two different seasons.

Changes in saliva analytes in equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) after treatment: a pilot study.

Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is a prevalent condition in horses, affecting up to 93% of racehorses. Comprising the equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and the equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD), EGUS poses significant health challenges. Saliva, a non-invasive and easily obtainable sample, is increasingly recognized for its potential as a source of biomarkers in horses.

Measurement of Trace Elements (Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, and Iron) in the Saliva of Horses: Validation Data and Changes in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS).

The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible use of spectrophotometric assays for the measurement of trace elements, including Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in the saliva of horses and study their possible changes in equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). EGUS is a highly prevalent disease, with a current high incidence due to the increase in intensive management conditions. There are two EGUS diseases: equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD), which can appear individually or together.

Formulation and Physical-Chemical Analysis of Functional Muffin Made with Inulin, Moringa, and Cacao Adapted for Elderly People with Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects people's health. Constipation is probably one of the most prominent gastrointestinal symptoms (non-motor symptoms) of PD with devastating consequences. The aim of this research work is to formulate a functional food product, supplemented with inulin, cocoa, and Moringa, which can be an adjuvant in the treatment of constipation.

Improving the Nutritional Quality of Protein and Microbiota Effects in Additive- and Allergen-Free Cooked Meat Products.

The primary objective of the meat industry is to enhance the quality and positive attributes of meat products, driven by an increasing consumer demand for healthier, less processed options. One common approach to achieving this goal is the replacement of additives and allergens with natural ingredients. Nevertheless, the nutritional impact of these changes has not been extensively studied.

Antibacterial Effect of Spanish Honeys of Different Botanical Origins against .

Honey is traditionally used for its medicinal properties attributed to its antibacterial and antioxidant effects. It is considered a natural alternative to conventional antibiotics. This effect has been attributed to their physico-chemical properties, as various chemical parameters can synergistically influence this effect.

Cystatin C, Ammonia, and Bicarbonate Measurements in the Saliva of Pigs: Analytical Validation and Changes in Infection.

Cystatin C, ammonia, and bicarbonate have been described to be biomarkers of sepsis and inflammation in humans. The saliva of pigs can be used to detect a wide range of pathogens but also many biomarkers that can be analyzed to evaluate different conditions such as stress (i.e.

Beware with the backpack! New hosts and pathogens identified for Ixodes simplex ticks collected from bats in the Iberian Peninsula.

To improve the knowledge on the role of bats in the maintenance and transmission of tick-borne pathogens, a molecular approach was used to characterize Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia burgdorferi s.

Examining the Effects of Altitude on Workload Demands in Professional Basketball Players during the Preseason Phase.

Basketball involves frequent high-intensity movements requiring optimal aerobic power. Altitude training can enhance physiological adaptations, but research examining its effects in basketball is limited. This study aimed to characterize the internal/external workload of professional basketball players during preseason and evaluate the effects of altitude and playing position.

Aerobic Vaginal Microflora in Gestational and Non-Gestational Bitches ().

The vaginal tract comprises commensal microorganisms, which play an essential role in the health of the reproductive tract. Any dysbiosis in the vaginal microenvironment may lead to severe urinary tract infections or even infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the aerobic bacterial flora isolated from vaginal samples from 100 lactating bitches in the antepartum period ( = 3), postpartum period ( = 80), and with ( = 17).

Burning Mouth Syndrome Treated with Low-Level Laser and Clonazepam: A Randomized, Single-Blind Clinical Trial.

Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, with the absence of any identifiable lesions. Numerous treatments for BMS have been investigated, though without conclusive results. An analysis was conducted of the efficacy of treatment with a low-level diode laser and clonazepam in patients with BMS, and a study was carried out on the levels of different salivary biomarkers before and after treatment.

Effects of Stocking Density and Pre-Slaughter Handling on the Fillet Quality of Largemouth Bass (): Implications for Fish Welfare.

There is currently insufficient acknowledgment of the relationship between fish welfare and ultimate fillet quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the impacts of pre-slaughter handling and stocking density as fish welfare markers on fillet quality of largemouth bass (). Fish from three stocking densities of 35, 50, and 65 kg·m were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) for 12 weeks and received commercial feed.