Combined Treatment with Laser Ablation and Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitor as A Novel Multimodality Approach to Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report.

Background: Direct locoregional treatments were recently proposed for the local control of cervical and distant metastasis of thyroid cancer, but data on their use as part of a multimodality approach for primary thyroid tumors are poor. In this feasibility study, laser ablation (LTA) was successfully used for the initial debulking of unresectable radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer in sequential therapy with Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors (TKI).

Case Presentation: A 69-year-old woman underwent partial resection of papillary thyroid cancer with extensive tracheal infiltration.

American Association of Clinical Endocrinology And Associazione Medici Endocrinologi Thyroid Nodule Algorithmic Tool.

Objective: The first edition of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology/American College of Endocrinology/Associazione Medici Endocrinologi Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Nodules was published in 2006 and updated in 2010 and 2016. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinology/American College of Endocrinology/Associazione Medici Endocrinologi multidisciplinary thyroid nodules task force was charged with developing a novel interactive electronic algorithmic tool to evaluate thyroid nodules.

Methods: The Thyroid Nodule App (termed TNAPP) was based on the updated 2016 clinical practice guideline recommendations while incorporating recent scientific evidence and avoiding unnecessary diagnostic procedures and surgical overtreatment.

Magnesium alginate in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a common disease caused by the leaking beck of gastric material out of the esophagus. The main symptoms are dysphonia, dysphagia, and cough. There is an established use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in patients with suspected LPR in common practice.

Profiloplasty in One Session Versus Single Treatment Areas.

Background: Fillers have been widely used to improve facial profile, and a better result is obtained if the entire profile is treated at the same time.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of 2 groups of patients: the former undergoing a treatment in a single area to improve the facial profile, and the latter undergoing a total profiloplasty reharmonization in 1 session.

Materials And Methods: The outcomes of this study have been evaluated using both the angle of convexity and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale method.

The enigma of persistent symptoms in hypothyroid patients treated with levothyroxine: A narrative review.

A significant minority of patients with hypothyroidism report persistent symptoms despite achieving normal thyroid biochemistry after levothyroxine (L-T4) replacement. Four principal lines of thinking, which are not mutually exclusive, may explain this enigma. The 'low tissue liothyronine hypothesis' emphasizes the potential imperfections of L-T4 replacement therapy that may lead to hypothyroidism in some tissues such as the brain, while others (eg hypothalamus) are euthyroid.

Impact of lockdown on children's lifestyle and their collaboration during dental sessions.

Aim: To analyse lifestyle of Italian families during lockdown, evaluating its possible impact on the collaboration of children with the paediatric dentist and associated predictive factors.

Materials And Methods: Only patients aged between 3 and 16 years, who had started treatment before the lockdown and had spent this periodwith both parents were included in the study. The interviews were carried out using an anonymous questionnaire that assessed school and play activities, the type of diet, the time dedicated to home oral hygiene and the activities carried out with parents.

Long-term outcome of pemetrexed maintenance for advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer: a real-world observational cohort study.

Introduction: Pemetrexed maintenance significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients not progressing after induction chemotherapy.

Objectives: This study is aimed at examine the association of various clinical factor and survival in a real-world cohort analysis.

Materials And Methods: One hundred ninety-four patients were included and classified as "PM" cohort ("Pemetrexed Maintenance", including patients given with pemetrexed maintenance after induction chemotherapy, n=112), and "noPM" cohort ("no Pemetrexed Maintenance" including those discontinuing pemetrexed, n=82).

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy for benign thyroid nodules: a 3-year retrospective multicenter follow-up study.

Background: Outcomes of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), as a non-surgical treatment option for benign symptomatic thyroid nodules, has mainly been based on single-center studies and short-term follow-up. Therefore, we assessed the safety, and long-term efficacy of HIFU in benign thyroid nodules among four centers with expertise in thyroid mini-invasive procedures.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective three year follow-up study in four European centers, treating solid benign thyroid nodules causing pressure symptoms and/or cosmetic concerns.

Management and 1-year outcomes of anastomotic leakage after elective colorectal surgery.

Purpose: To analyze different types of management and one-year outcomes of anastomotic leakage (AL) after elective colorectal resection.

Methods: All patients with anastomotic leakage after elective colorectal surgery with anastomosis (76/1,546; 4.9%), with the exclusion of cases with proximal diverting stoma, were followed-up for at least one year.

The Experience of Oncology Healthcare Providers in the Central Italy during the COVID-19 Lockdown.

While the emotional response of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic has been extensively investigated in countries in the Far-East, little is known about the psychological impact and the associated emotional distress of healthcare providers in Italy, especially with regard to different regions. The aim of the "VIRARE" survey, which was addressed to all the healthcare providers in the Lazio region (central Italy) and, in particular, to those working in the oncology field, is to analyze their opinion on the impact and management of the pandemic, to better understand the level of their psychological distress. A global good psychological response of healthcare providers to the pandemic has emerged, independently from their different occupations in the oncology field.

Colorectal cancer metastatic to the breast: A case report.

Background: Breast metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are very uncommon. There is no unanimous consensus regarding the best treatment for this rare condition, and management is, especially in elderly patients, limited to diagnosis and palliative care. Capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine derivative, might be helpful in controlling the disease and may be a treatment option for patients unable to receive more aggressive chemotherapy.

New Formulations of Levothyroxine in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism: Trick or Treat?

Levothyroxine (LT4) as a medication is used by up to 5.3% of the adult population. For optimal efficacy, the traditional tablet formulation (LT4tab) requires that patients avoid concomitant ingestion with food, drinks, and certain medications, as well as excellent patient compliance.

2020 European Thyroid Association Clinical Practice Guideline for the Use of Image-Guided Ablation in Benign Thyroid Nodules.

Standard therapeutic approaches for benign thyroid lesions that warrant intervention are surgery for cold and either surgery or radioiodine for autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN). Image-guided thermal ablation (TA) procedures are increasingly proposed as therapy options for selected clinical conditions. Due to mounting scientific evidence and widening availability, ETA considered it appropriate to develop guidelines for the use of TA in adult patients.

European Thyroid Association Survey on Use of Minimally Invasive Techniques for Thyroid Nodules.

Objective: Image-guided interventional ultrasound (US) techniques represent diagnostic and therapeutic tools for non-surgical management of thyroid nodular disease. We sought to investigate the attitude of European Thyroid Association (ETA) members towards the use of minimally invasive techniques (MIT) in diagnosis/therapy of symptomatic nodular goitre.

Methods: ETA members were invited to participate in an online survey investigating the use of MIT in benign and malignant thyroid nodular disease.

Alectinib in the treatment of ocular metastases of ALK rearranged non small cell lung cancer: Description of 2 case reports.

Rationale: Choroidal metastasis is a rare metastatic location although the most common intraocular neoplasm. In general, choroidal metastases respond favorably to systemic therapy targeted toward the primary neoplasm. In patients with choroidal metastasis of ALK rearranged non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), targeted therapy using Alk inhibitors gradually replaced radiotherapy as the best treatment.

Exploring the Inter-observer Agreement Among the Members of the Italian Consensus for the Classification and Reporting of Thyroid Cytology.

Classification schemes for reporting thyroid cytology of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules are largely used in clinical practice, but the level of inter-observer agreement among cytopathologists is poorly acknowledged. The present study aimed to explore the inter-observer agreement among the experienced authors of the 2014 Italian Consensus for Classification and Reporting of Thyroid Cytology (ICCRTC). A stratified randomization was performed in order to obtain a sample homogeneously distributed and representative of all ICCRTC classes.

Colorectal surgery in Italy during the Covid19 outbreak: a survey from the iCral study group.

Background: The COVID19 pandemic had a deep impact on healthcare facilities in Italy, with profound reorganization of surgical activities. The Italian ColoRectal Anastomotic Leakage (iCral) study group collecting 43 Italian surgical centers experienced in colorectal surgery from multiple regions performed a quick survey to make a snapshot of the current situation.

Methods: A 25-items questionnaire was sent to the 43 principal investigators of the iCral study group, with questions regarding qualitative and quantitative aspects of the surgical activity before and after the COVID19 outbreak.

Spect-neuropsychology correlations in very mild Alzheimer's disease and amnesic mild cognitive impairment.

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical and brain functional abnormalities in patients with mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and patients with amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI).

Methods: we used resting spect-neuropsychology correlations method.

Results: We found that parieto-temporal associative cortex, mainly involving the inferior parietal lobule, posterior cingulate and middle temporal gyrus, is compromised early in AD.

Morphological and Molecular Assessment in Thyroid Cytology Using Cell-Capturing Scaffolds.

The increased frequency of thyroid nodules is paralleled by the rise of thyroid cancer diagnosis. To define the nature of most thyroid nodules, fine needle aspiration (FNA) followed by cytological evaluation is considered the method of choice. About 20% of FNA biopsies on thyroid nodules, however, show indeterminate cytological features and may require diagnostic surgery.

Role of laser ablation in multimodal treatment of radioiodine- refractory bone metastases of thyroid cancer: a retrospective study.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy, safety, and pain benefits of imaging-guided laser ablation (IGLA) in patients with radioiodine-refractory (RR) bone metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Patients And Methods: The institutional medical records of patients with bone metastases from DTC treated with laser ablation (LA) were reviewed retrospectively. Local response, complications, and effects on pain relief were investigated.

Diaphragm paralysis: a case report.

Introduction: Bilateral paralysis of the diaphragm may be an idiopathic clinical condition or associated with several diseases such as trauma, surgery, viral infections, neurologic disorders. The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle. It is a cupoliform muscle-tendon structure, innervated bilaterally by phrenic nerve, which originates from C3-C5 nerve roots.

Herpes zoster granulomatous dermatitis in metastatic lung cancer treated with nivolumab: A case report.

Granulomatous dermatitis (GD) is the most common among a variety of skin reactions that may occur in the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation area. It is thought that the formation of granulomas may be the result of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to viral envelope glycoproteins. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as nivolumab stimulate T cells and promote hypersensitivity reactions, leading to the formation of granulomas in VZV wrapping proteins, thus triggering VZV-GD.

Carcinomas of the Thyroid with Ewing Family Tumor Elements (CEFTEs): A Diagnostic Challenge Before Surgery.

Carcinomas of the thyroid with Ewing family tumor elements (CEFTEs) are small cell thyroid tumors characterized by epithelial differentiation and EWSR1-FLI1 rearrangements. In contrast to primary thyroid Ewing sarcomas, these rare tumors have a favorable prognosis. CEFTEs may co-exist with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) foci and are thought to arise from either PTCs or main cells of solid cell nests (SCN).

Laser Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Non-Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Six-Month Results of a Randomized, Parallel, Open-Label, Trial (LARA Trial).

No direct prospective studies comparing laser ablation (LA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for debulking benign non-functioning thyroid nodules (BNTNs) exist. We aimed at comparing the efficacy and safety of both techniques in patients with solid or predominantly solid BNTN. This six-month, single-use, randomized, open-label, parallel trial compared the following primary endpoints between the RFA and LA groups six months after treatment: (i) nodule volume reduction expressed as a percentage of nodule volume at baseline; (ii) proportion of nodules with more than 50% reduction (successful rate).

Transperineal laser ablation for percutaneous treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a feasibility study. Results at 6 and 12 months from a retrospective multi-centric study.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of SoracteLite™-transperineal percutaneous laser ablation (TPLA) in the treatment of patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) at 6 and 12 months follow-up.

Methods: Patients with urinary symptoms secondary to BPH underwent TPLA under local anesthesia in four centers. Under US guidance, up to four 21G applicators were inserted in the prostatic tissue.