1,768 results match your criteria: "Reflux Nephropathy Imaging"
Urinary transport disorders are among the most common congenital diseases in childhood. Congenital malformations of the urinary tract can cause bacterial urinary tract infections as early as in infancy and early childhood. Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial infections in children, and when pyelonephritis is present, the entire urinary tract should always be examined by sonography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk Factors for Postoperative Urinary Tract Infections in Paediatric Hydronephrosis: A Retrospective Analysis.
Arch Esp Urol
November 2024
Hospital Infection Management Department, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), 266033 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Background: Paediatric hydronephrosis frequently necessitates surgical intervention. However, postoperative urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and challenging. This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify UTI risk factors following an operation for paediatric hydronephrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[An unusual variant of intrarenal refluxes in the renal sinus cyst].
Urologiia
July 2024
Urologic Clinic of the European Medical Center", Moscow, Russia.
Article Synopsis
Effect of intrarenal pelvic pressure on pyelo-tubular backflow and renal cortical blood perfusion during mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
World J Urol
October 2024
Department of Urology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230012, China.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how increased intrarenal pelvic pressure (IPP) affects kidney fluid flow and blood supply during mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL).
- - Using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), it was found that when IPP exceeds 34 mmHg, there is a notable reflux of contrast agents in the renal tubules, impacting blood flow.
- - The findings suggest that maintaining IPP below 34 mmHg is crucial during MPCNL to ensure proper renal blood perfusion and avoid complications.
Primary vesicoureteral reflux.
Nat Rev Dis Primers
October 2024
Departments of Paediatrics (Nephrology) and Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common condition in children where urine flows backward from the bladder, leading to urinary tract infections and potential kidney damage.
- The primary goals for treating VUR in kids are to prevent UTIs and reduce the risk of kidney problems, with available management options including antibiotics, surveillance, and various surgical techniques.
- Ongoing debates focus on the timing of imaging tests and identifying which patients will benefit most from either antibiotics or surgical treatments, with new technologies like artificial intelligence offering future support in decision-making.
10 Years of Antenatal Hydronephrosis Experience: Comparing Two Different Guidelines.
Klin Padiatr
September 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Clinics, Izmir, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- Antenatal hydronephrosis involves swelling in a fetus's kidneys, making it crucial to differentiate between serious cases needing long-term care and those needing little intervention.
- The study compared two guidelines for managing antenatal hydronephrosis, focusing on identifying their effectiveness in various factors like detection rates, imaging requirements, and patient outcomes.
- Results showed the newer guideline led to fewer tests, reduced radiation exposure, and less need for surgical interventions compared to the older guideline.
Simultaneous primary posterior urethral valves ablation and bladder neck incision may decrease kidney and bladder failure in long-term follow-up in patients with bladder neck hypertrophy and poor bladder function at presentation: report of 301 cases.
BMC Urol
July 2024
Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explored the long-term effects of bladder neck incision (BNI) and valve ablation on kidney and bladder function in children with posterior urethral valves (PUV) and bladder neck hypertrophy (BNH), involving 301 patients over a 5-year follow-up period.
- - Results showed significant improvements: hydronephrosis cases dropped from 88.3% to 24.3% and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) from 62.5% to 6.6%, indicating enhanced bladder and renal function post-surgery.
- - The findings suggest that simultaneous BNI and valve ablation can particularly benefit children with PUV and BNH, improving urodynamic and
Vesico-ureteral reflux diagnosis after initial kidney abscess: Results from a Paediatric Tertiary Hospital.
Acta Paediatr
November 2024
Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence MARHEA, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- This study looked at kids who had a kidney abscess to see how often they had a problem called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
- They found that about 41% of the kids had VUR, which is similar to kids who have kidney infections.
- The study suggests that doctors should think about using a special test called VCUG when kids have kidney abscesses or infections multiple times, especially if there are signs of kidney damage.
Return of voiding function after greenlight photovaporisation of the prostate for a patient with giant bladder.
BMJ Case Rep
June 2024
Urology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Giant bladder is a rare medical condition that can cause serious complications like urinary tract infections and renal damage.* -
- A case study highlighted a man in his 70s with over 7 liters of urine retention and severe hydronephrosis, who underwent successful surgery to alleviate bladder outlet obstruction.* -
- Post-surgery, the patient experienced significant improvements in urinary function, avoiding complications from chronic catheter use and maintaining kidney health.*
Insights into Kidney Dysplasia in Duplex Kidneys: From Radiologic Diagnosis to Histopathologic Understanding.
Biomedicines
May 2024
Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- Duplex kidney is a urinary tract anomaly linked to various structural abnormalities, and this study examines the imaging results of 21 children who underwent surgery for it.
- The imaging techniques, ultrasound (US) and MRI, were compared to histopathology, revealing that dysplastic changes were common, especially in cases of obstructive nephropathy.
- Key findings show that US and MRI effectively identify kidney issues, with loss of corticomedullary differentiation and specific MRI signals correlating with kidney fibrosis and function.
Genetic determinants of renal scarring in children with febrile UTI.
Pediatr Nephrol
September 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Febrile UTIs are serious infections in infants, and the study aims to identify genetic factors that might predict recurrent infections or kidney damage.* -
- The researchers analyzed the DNA of 1,087 infants with their first febrile UTI, comparing those with renal scarring (RS) to those without, focusing on genetic variants through exome genotyping.* -
- The findings revealed that mitochondrial genetic variations are significant predictors for complications like renal scarring and recurrent UTIs in affected infants.*
Article Synopsis
- - This study evaluated characteristics of children with acute pyelonephritis (APN) and identified independent risk factors for kidney scarring, focusing on cases with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and acute findings.
- - A total of 70 children were assessed; ultrasound was ineffective in diagnosing over half of the APN cases, while Tc-DMSA scans showed significant findings and remission after treatment.
- - Key findings indicated older children and those with higher severity of VUR had increased scarring risks, and antibiotic prophylaxis could help prevent scarring, though further research is needed to confirm these implications.
Robotic-Assisted Management of Ureteral Complications in Post-Renal Transplant Patients: A Case Series and Literature Review.
J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A
July 2024
Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * This study evaluates robotic-assisted ureteral reconstruction in 11 patients from 2019-2022, focusing on demographics, surgical techniques, and outcomes, with most patients being male (81%) and the primary reason for surgery being ureteral stricture (10 out of 11 cases).
- * Results show no immediate postoperative complications, a median hospital stay of 2 days, and a follow-up period averaging 14.6 months without graft loss or return of ureteral issues, indicating robotic reconstruction as a beneficial approach despite
Should a Refluxing Internal Diversion Be Considered a Temporizing Procedure? Extended Follow-up and Outcomes After Side-to-Side Ureterovesicostomy for Primary Obstructive Megaureter in Young Children.
J Urol
July 2024
Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates long-term outcomes of ureterovesicostomy (UV) in children with primary obstructive megaureter (POM), focusing on complications like UTIs and the need for reoperation.
- Out of 183 patients with POM, 47 underwent UV, with a notable 30% developing UTIs and 15% requiring further surgical intervention; however, most showed improvement in hydronephrosis metrics post-surgery.
- The findings suggest that refluxing UV is a safe and effective alternative to more invasive procedures, allowing for monitoring and selective reconstruction of affected areas.
Hydronephrotic lower moiety of duplex systems: Observations using diuresis renography.
Clin Imaging
May 2024
Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20010, United States of America.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines hydronephrosis in the lower part of duplex kidneys, using a technique called MAG-3 diuresis renography to assess its prevalence and behavior compared to single-system kidney obstructions.* -
- Researchers analyzed over 5000 diuresis renograms and identified 19 affected renal units in 18 patients, noting that many cases were diagnosed before birth and showed varied drainage patterns during follow-up.* -
- The findings suggest that hydronephrosis in duplex systems is uncommon but similar in behavior to obstructions in single kidneys, highlighting the importance of diuresis renography in diagnosis and treatment.*
Renal coloboma syndrome/dominant optic atrophy with severe retinal atrophy and de novo digenic mutations in PAX2 and OPA1.
Pediatr Nephrol
August 2024
Department of Child Health and Welfare (Pediatrics), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-Cho, Nakagami-Gun, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Renal coloboma syndrome (RCS) and dominant optic atrophy are associated with mutations in the PAX2 and OPA1 genes, respectively, and a patient was identified with both mutations.
- A female infant had no birth complications, but MRI at 4 months indicated serious eye issues, severe retinal atrophy, and a significant risk of blindness.
- Genetic testing confirmed de novo pathogenic mutations in both genes, suggesting that RCS patients at risk of blindness should undergo genetic testing for better diagnosis and management.
[Kidney transplantation in children with complex urogenital malformations-what should be considered?].
Urologie
April 2024
Urologische und Kinderurologische Klinik, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 12, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
Article Synopsis
- The article emphasizes the importance of thorough evaluation and management for pediatric kidney transplantation in children with complex urogenital malformations.
- Key recommendations include comprehensive diagnostics, addressing LUTD before transplantation, and ensuring lifelong follow-up with regular assessments to monitor urinary tract health. *
Therapeutic Management of Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux.
J Clin Med
December 2023
Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital "G. Martino", 98124 Messina, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The study compares the effectiveness of surgical treatments and continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) for children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) by analyzing outcomes like febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) and VUR resolution.
- Among the 350 pediatric patients, recurrent febrile UTIs were more common in those with higher grades of VUR (III and V) post-surgery, while CAP showed better results in preventing scarring and UTIs.
- The findings highlight that younger patients with late-onset VUR often experience persistent issues, and the study aims to identify factors that predict the success or failure of each treatment method for VUR.
Comment to: A machine learning algorithm predicting risk of dilating VUR among infants with hydronephrosis using UTD classification.
J Pediatr Urol
April 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hôpital Pellegrin-Enfants, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The study was a scoping review following PRISMA guidelines, aimed at evaluating literature on urinary and renal system monitoring in people with spinal cord injuries (SCI), focusing on methods of surveillance and risk factors for urinary tract abnormalities.
- - 685 studies were initially reviewed, with findings indicating that serum cystatin C (s-cysC) is a reliable measure for glomerular filtration rate, while adherence to surveillance does not significantly impact the development of urinary tract abnormalities over time.
- - The research concludes that s-cysC is preferable to serum creatinine for kidney function assessment and suggests targeted surveillance strategies based on individual risk profiles for better patient care.
A rare hemodialysis vascular access complication-Internal jugular vein reflux.
J Clin Ultrasound
May 2024
Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- Hemodialysis (HD) patients may experience late vascular access complications, with internal jugular vein (IJV) reflux being a rare but significant issue, as demonstrated by two cases presented in the study.
- Case 1 involved a 48-year-old male with severe IJV reflux and various symptoms like headaches and nausea, while Case 2 featured a 59-year-old female who experienced dizziness and nausea after just one day of hemodialysis.
- Common causes of IJV reflux identified include high-flow vascular access, central venous stenosis, and valve dysfunction, and while targeted treatment can help, there's a concern for recurrence of symptoms.
Troubleshooting Tips for Diagnosing Complex Fetal Genitourinary Malformations.
Radiographics
January 2024
From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah Health, 30 N Mario Capecchi Dr, 2nd Floor South, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.
Article Synopsis
[Imaging in children and adolescents with urinary tract infections].
Radiologie (Heidelb)
January 2024
Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Kinderradiologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller Straße 3, Haus C, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland.
Article Synopsis
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children, necessitating imaging to identify factors like urine flow issues and complications from infections.
- The first imaging method used is ultrasound, with voiding urosonography or voiding cystourethrography to check for vesicoureteral reflux, while other methods like MRI and CT may be used if needed.
- It's crucial to prevent recurrent UTIs in young patients, so accurate imaging must be done carefully to protect them from unnecessary radiation.
A machine learning algorithm predicting risk of dilating VUR among infants with hydronephrosis using UTD classification.
J Pediatr Urol
April 2024
Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on creating a more objective classification for Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) to improve management and predict conditions like vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) based on early post-natal ultrasound results.
- Researchers reviewed radiology and medical records of infants to develop a machine learning model that can reliably predict the presence of ≥ grade 3 VUR, finding significant predictors like gender, ureteral dilation, and parenchymal appearance.
- The machine learning model achieved a promising area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81, indicating its potential effectiveness, despite some limitations due to the retrospective design of the study.
I Thought I Saw a Retrocaval Ureter; Don't Bite the Fish-Hook Sign So Easily.
J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A
July 2024
Divison of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Cebeci Kampüsü Çankaya, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on evaluating children suspected of having a retrocaval ureter (RCU) during treatment for hydronephrosis, given that such cases are rarely diagnosed and can be easily missed.
- A total of 13 patients were analyzed, with final diagnoses revealing 4 cases of RCU, 7 cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), and 2 of duplicated collecting system.
- Utilizing imaging techniques like ultrasonography, particularly with a stent in place, is crucial for confirming or ruling out RCU, and laparoscopic surgery can also help visually clarify the condition if needed.