Aicardi syndrome: Neonatal diagnosis by means of transfontanellar ultrasound.

Aicardi syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by a characteristic classical trio of neurological clinical abnormalities (spasms), agenesis of the corpus callosum and ophthalmological abnormalities (chorioretinal lacunae). The diagnosis can be suspected by prenatal ultrasound with color Doppler identifying the agenesis of the corpus callosum. Usually, the diagnosis is confirmed in the neonate period by transfontanellar ultrasound and ophthalmological examination.

Fetal nuchal fold thickness measurement between 18 and 24 weeks of pregnancy: reference intervals for a Brazilian population.

Objective: To determine reference intervals of fetal nuchal fold (NF) thickness measurement in the second trimester of pregnancy in a Brazilian population.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with 2559 normal singleton pregnancies between 18 and 24 weeks of pregnancy. The fetal NF was obtained in the axial plane of fetal head at level of lateral ventricles including the cavum septum pellucidum, third ventricle, thalamus and transverse cerebellar diameter.

Reference charts for fetal biometric parameters in twin pregnancies according to chorionicity.

Objective: The objective of this article is to determine reference values for fetal biometric parameters in twin pregnancies and to compare these values between monochorionic and dichorionic pregnancies.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 157 monochorionic and 176 dichorionic twin pregnancies between 14 and 38 weeks of gestation. Biometric measurements included the biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), femurs length (FL) and estimated fetal weight (EFW).

Reference intervals of embryos/fetuses heart rate between 6 and 14 weeks of pregnancy.

Objective: To determine reference intervals for the embryos/fetuses heart rate (HR) between 6 and 14 weeks of pregnancy.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried in a single center with singleton pregnancies of embryos/fetuses with a crown-rump length (CRL) between 5 and 85 mm. The HR was assessed by real time M-mode or spectrum Doppler ultrasound.

Reference range of fetal nasal bone length between 18 and 24 weeks of pregnancy in an unselected Brazilian population: experience from a single service.

Objective: To determine reference range of fetal nasal bone length (NBL) during the second trimester of pregnancy in a Brazilian population.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with 2681 normal singleton pregnancies between 18 and 24 weeks of gestation. The NBL was obtained in the mid-sagittal plane of the fetal face profile using the following landmarks: nasal bone, overlying skin and the tip of the nose.