Can 3 Stages Forehead Flap Provide Longer Flap Length?

This article discusses the use of the forehead flap technique in nasal reconstruction, specifically examining the effect of the 3-stage forehead flap procedure in providing longer flap length. Traditionally performed in 2 stages, the forehead flap technique often requires additional operations due to the thickness of the forehead skin. The 3-stage procedure, however, allows for better control of the flap thickness and improved reconstruction of nasal subunits.

Management of Temporoparietal Flap on Difficult Facial Deformities With Minimal Donor Site Morbidity.

The aim of this study is to investigate the use of the temporoparietal fascial flap (TPFF) in the repair of tissue defects in the head and neck region. TPFF is a preferred method among surgeons due to its thin and flexible structure and its strong vascular structure supplied by the superficial temporal artery. In the study, the operations performed on a total of 21 patients and the results of these operations were analyzed.

Invited Response on: Comment on ''The Impact of Duration and Force of Centrifugation on Platelet Content and Mass in the Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma''.

Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.

Is Alcohol Consumption Pattern Dependent on Prenatal Sex-Steroids? A Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Study Among University Students.

Introduction: There is evidence that alcohol consumption is influenced by prenatal sex steroids (as measured by digit ratio [2D:4D]). Here, we clarify the effect size of the relationship in a student (rather than a patient) population.

Methods: There were 258 (169 women) participants.

Permanent Makeup Removal Severe Complication-Case Report and Proposal of the Protocol for Its Management.

The purpose of this paper is to report the case of a patient who developed a local allergic reaction to the pigment used for permanent eyebrow makeup. In addition, the authors' protocol for the treatment of such a complication is proposed. A patient visited the clinic to remove permanent eyebrow makeup.

Validation of Breast Idea Volume Estimator Application in Transfeminine People.

Background: Accurate estimation of breast volume is important as researchers aim to achieve optimal feminization for transfeminine people. The Breast Idea Volume Estimator (BIVE) application allows estimation of breast volume using two-dimensional (2D) photographs but has not been validated in the chests of people who have undergone testosterone-mediated puberty.

Methods: To estimate breast volume, clinical photographs and 3D scans were collected at baseline and 6 months, as a prespecified secondary outcome of a randomized clinical trial of antiandrogen therapy in transfeminine people commencing hormone therapy.

Topographic Analysis of the Nipple-Areolar Complex Sensation in Superomedial Pedicle Breast Reduction.

Background: Surgeons meticulously perform breast reductions, while ensuring vascular integrity of the pedicle and Nipple-Areolar complex (NAC) to prevent any complication. It is crucial to remember that loss of sensation is also substantial complication, mainly due to unique characteristic features of the NAC. This study aimed to compare early and long-term sensory results by performing topographic analysis of NAC sensation after superomedial pedicle breast reduction.

Digit ratios and hospitalization for COVID-19: A test of the low-androgen-driven and high-androgen-driven theories of COVID-19 severity.

Background: Sex hormones are likely to be important determinants of COVID-19 severity, and two opposing explanations regarding severity, the low-androgen-driven and high-androgen-driven theories, seek to explain this pattern. Digit ratios are sex dependent (males < females) and are claimed to be markers for both prenatal and postnatal testosterone.

Objectives: Here, we use a measure of COVID-19severity (hospitalization), compare digit ratios in patients and controls and consider whether vaccination status changed these associations.

Influence of ethnicity on aesthetic preferences for lip characteristics in Caucasian male and female faces.

Background: In an era where globalization and social media significantly reshape beauty standards, it is imperative to delve into the subjectivity of beauty and attractiveness. The lips, a key element in facial aesthetics, contribute significantly to the perception of attractiveness, and also have a profound impact on an individual's self-esteem.

Objective: To analyze the influence of ethnicity on the aesthetic preferences for lip characteristics, among male and female faces.

First trimester maternal sex steroids and the digit ratios of mothers and children.

Background: It is thought that digit ratios (2D:4D) are a correlate of 1st trimester maternal and foetal sex steroids. Here we consider the relationship of 2D:4D to the former.

Method: Digit lengths were directly measured with a calliper at infant age 13 months.

Evaluation of the effects of ectopic replantation on amputate survival in the management of crush traumatic amputations in rats: An experimental study.

Background: This controlled experimental study aimed to compare ectopic replantation with other replantation techniques in a rat model of crush amputations. It also assessed the impact of different replantation methods on the viability of amputates.

Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups.

Comparison of the Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP) and Fat Graft on Autologous Bone Grafting in a Randomized-controlled Experimental Skull Model.

Gold standard method for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects is the autogenous bone grafting procedure. A number of new and potentially useful adjuncts currently are being investigated to enhance the success of bone grafting. We propose to evaluate the effect of the most known and easily obtained 2 biological materials, fat graft and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), on bone graft healing.

Public Attitude towards Implementing DNAR and a Stance on Pediatric DNAR in Poland-A Prospective Survey Study.

Do not attempt resuscitation (DNAR) is a document signed by a patient, which states that they do not want to be resuscitated. In Poland, DNAR is not regulated by law. We aimed to assess people's perceptions on DNAR and pediatric DNAR in Poland.

Variability of anterolateral thigh flap perforator locations - clinical implications.

<b><br>Introduction:</b> The anterolateral thigh flap is an example of a free flap widely applied for reconstruction of tissues within various areas of the body.</br> <b><br>Aim:</b> The aim of the study was to determine the most common locations of the ALT flap perforators in men and women as well as to clarify any potential differences in the location of the vessel in male vs. female subjects.

Do Intraoperative Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Influence the Final Appearance of Vertical Scars after Breast Reduction? Spectrophotometric Analysis.

: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been shown to support wound healing and tissue regeneration due to its high concentration of growth factors and cytokines. This study aims to investigate the effect of intraoperative PRP injections on the final appearance of vertical scars after breast reduction, as well as to identify potential predictors of a scar's aesthetic assessment using spectrophotometric parameters. : In this prospective, randomized trial, 82 scars from 41 women who underwent bilateral breast reduction with an inverted T pattern were analyzed.

The Problem of Diagnostic Criteria of Breast Implant Illness in Women After Breast Reconstruction: Review and Discussion of a Case.

Introduction: There has been a rising trend in the use of silicone breast implants for breast reconstructions after breast cancer treatment, as well as in the aesthetic breast procedures. A cluster of non-specific symptoms related to the presence of silicone implant has been called breast implant illness (BII). However, there are no strict criteria of BII which would specifically define this term.

Understanding Covid-19: Digit ratios and duration of oxygen therapy in hospitalized Covid-19 patients.

Background: Covid-19 severity shows a sex difference (males>females) and progressive hypoxia among the most seriously affected. Digit ratios are sexually dimorphic and may be negatively-related to prenatal (2nd-to-4th digits' ratio; 2D:4D) and pubertal (3rd-to-5th digits' ratio; 3D:5D) testosterone. Oxygen therapy is important in Covid-19 treatment and low 2D:4D is linked to efficient oxygen metabolism.

The perception of lip aesthetics in the context of facial proportions-An eye-tracking-based analysis.

Background: Minimally invasive lip volumizing and contouring soft tissue filler procedures are frequently requested by both female and male aesthetic patients. Guidance on how to achieve the most beautiful outcome is inconsistent.

Objective: To investigate what the most beautiful proportions are in relation to vermillion thickness, the distance of the upper and lower lip in relation to nose and chin, and relation to the bigonial distance.

Digit ratio and the femoral circumflex artery perforator: A sex-dependent association between the vascular system of the thigh and prenatal sex hormones?

Background: The anterolateral thigh flap (ALTF) is a type of free flap which is commonly used in reconstructive surgery procedures and is based on the perforator from femoral circumflex artery. Some authors found that the location of the perforator differs between sexes.

Objective: To verify the influence of prenatal sex hormones (as measured by 2D:4D) on the morphology of the perforator of the descending branch of the femoral circumflex artery.

Preserving the Nipple Projection in Breast Reduction with the Free Nipple-Areolar Graft Technique: Purse-String Suture.

Background: Breast reduction with the free nipple-areolar graft (FNG) technique has disadvantages such as loss of nipple projection, loss of nipple sensation, and depigmentation of the nipple-areolar complex. In this study, patients in whom a purse-string (PS) suture was used in the center of the de-epithelialized area to prevent loss of nipple projection were compared with patients who underwent the conventional method.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the patients who underwent breast reduction with the FNG was conducted in our department.

Digit ratio (2D:4D), laryngeal cancer and vocal fold leukoplakia.

Background: To date, there are no studies that have analyzed the possible influence of exposure to prenatal sex hormones on the risk of laryngeal cancer (LC) and premalignant laryngeal lesion-vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL). Digit ratio (2D:4D) is suggested to be a proxy of prenatal sex hormone exposure.

Objective: To examine 2D:4D in patients with LC and clarify if it could add to the verified risk factors in estimating the overall risk of LC.

Is Preoperative Asymmetry a Predictor of Postoperative Asymmetry in Patients Undergoing Breast Reduction?

Plastic surgeons aim to achieve symmetry in breast surgeries, which is the main determinant of chest aesthetics. The aim of this study was to verify if preoperative breast asymmetry is a predictor of postoperative asymmetry in women undergoing breast reduction. In this prospective study, we enrolled 71 women (the mean age 37 years, SD 10 years) with breast hypertrophy who underwent reduction mammaplasty.