Artificial intelligence applications in pulmonology and its advantages during the pandemic period.

Artificial intelligence, with its increasing data volume, developing technologies, more information processing power and new algorithms, has a wide usage area in all sectors. In the field of health, these technologies is gaining an increasing place every day. Artificial intelligence methods can act as a simulation of the human mind and intelligence, resulting in the analysis and classification of complex data in a short time.

Headache as the sole presenting symptom of cerebral venous sinuses thrombosis: Subgroup analysis of data from the VENOST study.

Objectives: Headache is the most common complaint in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and it may sometimes be the only symptom in these patients. This retrospective and prospective study was an investigation of any differences in terms of clinical risk factors, radiological findings, or prognosis in patients with CVST who presented with isolated headache (IH) and cases with other concomitant findings (non-isolated headache [NIH]).

Methods: A total of 1144 patients from a multicenter study of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (VENOST study) were enrolled in this research.

The role of component-resolved diagnosis in Hymenoptera venom allergy in clinical practice.

Hymenoptera venom allergy is an immunoglobulin (Ig) E mediated hypersensitivity reaction to Hymenoptera venoms. Obvious identification of the culprit insect that causes the clinical symptoms and, hence, the accurate selection of venom for curative treatment, is of great importance for the effectiveness and safety of venom immunotherapy. In this study, the contribution of component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) is evaluated in the diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom allergy.

Paradoxical association between lipoprotein cholesterol levels and left atrial function in hypertensive diabetic patients: A speckle tracking study.

Background: Studies have shown that subclinical left atrial (LA) dysfunction can be diagnosed with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, recent studies have reported a paradoxical relationship between LDL-C level and atrial fibrillation. In this study, we investigated the relationship between LDL-C levels and LA function.

The Relationship between COVID-19 Severity and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)/ exposure history in healthcare workers: a multi-center study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought countries' health services into sharp focus. It was drawn to our group's attention that healthcare workers (HCWs) had a lower mortality rate against higher COVID-19 incidence compared to the general population in Turkey. Since risk of exposure to tuberculosis bacillus among healthcare workers are higher than the population, we aimed to investigate if there is a relationship between BCG and exposure history with COVID-19 severity in infected HCWs.

Blood urea nitrogen is associated with long-term all-cause mortality in stable angina pectoris patients: 8-year follow-up results.

Background    Elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) indicates renal dysfunction and is associated with increased mortality in cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the relationship between the BUN concentration measured at hospital admission and the long-term all-cause mortality in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP).Methods    The mortality rate of 344 patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) in our clinic due to SAP was analyzed during a mean follow-up period of 8 yrs.

Revision of cartilage tympanoplasty with endoscopic butterfly inlay myringoplasty.

Purpose: While the use of cartilage graft for revision tympanoplasty is quite common, the data on the revision of cartilage tympanoplasty are limited. Our study aims to present the results of our patients who underwent endoscopic butterfly inlay myringoplasty for the revision of cartilage tympanoplasty.

Methods: Demographic data, ear sides, perforation locations, graft success rates and hearing results of the patients who underwent endoscopic butterfly inlay myringoplasty for revision of cartilage tympanoplasty between Sep 2017 and Jan 2020 were evaluated.

F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Metastatic Testicular Choriocarcinoma Mimicking Gastric Cancer which Initial Symptom is Melena.

Gastric metastasis of choriocarcinoma is rarely reported in the literature. This case report presents the case of multiple metastatic testicular choriocarcinoma mimicking gastric cancer, with melena as the initial symptom. In this case, fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed that the testis was the primary focus.

Epicardial adipose tissue is associated with increased systolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is one of the essential predictors of mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is thought that PHT is due to vasoconstriction secondary to hypoxia caused by airway obstruction in COPD patients; however, loss of capillary bed with emphysema, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction may also play a role in the development of PHT. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has a role as a metabolically active endocrine organ and secretes various proinflammatory cytokines.

A New Scoring System Detecting the Supraventricular Tachycardia Inducibility and Radiofrequency Ablation With High Specificity in Electrophysiological Study.

Aim: The relationship between arrhythmia induction and ablation with palpitation characteristics has been demonstrated in electrophysiological study (EPS) patients. However, there is insufficient data on palpitation characteristics and their sensitivity and specificity. We aimed to identify the relationship between scoring composed of palpitation characteristics with the supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) induction and the success rate of the procedure.

Relation between uterine morphology and severity of primary dysmenorrhea.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether uterine dimensions including uterine volume, uterine shape, uterine length, cervix length, and cervix thickness measurements have a role in the severity of primary dysmenorrhea in virgin girls.

Materials And Methods: Enrollment included 90 virgin girls suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. The girls were divided into three groups according to the severity of dysmenorrhea, which was determined by the visual analog scale (VAS).

How important is susceptibility-weighted imaging in mild traumatic brain injury?

Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a public health problem that is recognized as a 'silent epidemic' in its late stages due to undiagnosed axonal damage rated 13 and above on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Injury-related microhemorrhages often cannot be detected on computed tomography (CT) scans and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aims to investigate whether susceptibility-weighted imaging is feasible in mTBI patients.

Serum osteoprotegerin level is independently related to subclinical left atrial mechanical function in patients with hypertension and diabetes.

Objectives: Previous studies showed that subclinical abnormal left atrial (LA) function could be diagnosed with LA speckle tracking evaluation long before chamber enlargement. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and was recently found to be an indicator for adverse cardiovascular outcomes and a risk factor for new onset atrial fibrillation. The authors hypothesized that OPG values could predict LA mechanical dysfunction and LA remodeling assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in patients with hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

The protective effects of adalimumab on intestinal injury induced with infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Background: The present study aims to observe the effects of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) on small intestines at a molecular level and to prospectively assess the potential preventive role of adalimumab (ADA) and antioxidants.

Methods: A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups-a control group, an IR group and an IR+ADA group.

Results: Although there was no change in SOD levels in the small bowel tissue of the IR group, we observed increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased numerical density of caspase-3 and TNF-α positive enterocytes p=0.

A new technique in the evaluation of strangulated and incarcerated hernias: Near-infrared spectroscopy.

Background: The present study aims to investigate the usefulness of NIRS in identifying decreased blood flow in intestinal tissue inside the hernial sac in incarcerated hernias.

Methods: Forty patients with manually irreducible inguinal hernias and with ileus determined by clinical findings and imaging were included in this study. Patients' intestinal oxygenations were measured by placing NIRS probes over the areas of inguinal hernia and over non-herniated areas immediately lateral to these.

The effect of tracheotomy on ventilator-associated pneumonia rate in children.

Objectives: Data on the relationship between tracheotomy and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in children is very limited. We planned to evaluate the effect of tracheotomy on VAP rates in children.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated patients who underwent tracheotomy during follow-up at the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of our hospital.

Use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with chronic viral hepatitis in Turkey.

Introduction: The global use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is growing. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of CAM use in patients in Turkey with CVH, the types of therapy, and patients' sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: The study was designed as a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional analysis.

Endoscopic type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty in children.

Objectives: Endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty using cartilage grafts for repair of chronic tympanic membrane perforation is increasing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of endoscopic type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty in children.

Materials And Methods: Patients under 18 years of age who underwent type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty between January 2013 and February 2019 were retrospectively evaluated.

The Potential for Chemotherapy-Free Strategies in Advanced Prostate Cancer.

The treatment landscape for advanced prostate cancer is evolving rapidly, with new agents and strategies, and more optimal use of existing therapies under constant development. Efforts were focused on better understanding of the biology of the disease. This effort has paved the way for a more contemporary and effective therapies to be developed.

Pelvic Radiation-Induced Testicular Damage: An Experimental Study at 1 Gray.

Therapeutic radiation of the pelvic region has been shown to cause damage to testicular germ cells. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of a low therapeutic dose of 1 Gy on the induction of cellular and histological damage in early-stage testicular germ cells and the impact of this radiation on offspring sex ratio. Unirradiated and irradiated male rats were mated with unirradiated female rats.

Endothelial dysfunction, subclinical atherosclerosis and LDL cholesterol are the independent predictors of left atrial functions in hypertension.

Left atrial function has an important role in determining optimal performance of the heart. Increase of left atrial dysfunction and volume are poor prognostic factors. In this study, we investigated independent determinants of left atrial function in non-diabetic patients with de novo hypertension.

Secondary cancer risk after whole-breast radiation therapy: field-in-field versus intensity modulated radiation therapy versus volumetric modulated arc therapy.

Objective: In this study, we used the concept of organ-equivalent dose (OED) to evaluate the excess absolute risk (EAR) for secondary cancer in various organs after radiation treatment for breast cancer.

Methods: Using CT data set of 12 patients, we generated three different whole-breast radiation treatment plans using 50 Gy in 2 Gy fractions: three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with a field-in-field (FinF) technique, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The OEDs were calculated from differential dose-volume histograms on the basis of the "linear-exponential," "plateau," and "full mechanistic" dose-response models.

Elevated serum YKL40 level is a predictor of MACE during the long-term follow up in hypertensive patients.

: YKL-40 (human cartilage glycoprotein 39, chitinase-3-like protein 1) is an inflammatory marker secreted mainly by macrophages and has distinctive roles on extracellular matrix remodeling, macrophage maturation, adhesion, and migration. Despite the presence of robust data suggesting the association of YKL-40 with variety of cardiovascular diseases (CV), there is no study up to date evaluating the role of YKL-40 on the long-term prognosis in patients with hypertension (HT).: A single center, prospective, observational cohort study that included 327 consecutive hypertensive patients which were presented to a cardiology outpatient clinic.

Can MRI-induced silastic casing tear be repaired without the need for cochlear implant replacement?

Silastic magnet casing tear of cochlear implant (CI) due to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an uncommon complication. We report repair of a case with magnet dislocation due to MRI-induced silastic casing tear without re-implantation. We believe that this repair method, which has not been previously defined in the literature, will be interesting and guiding.