C-Phycocyanin and Phycocyanobilin as a Novel Adjuvant in Hepatitis B Vaccine.

Background: Vaccine adjuvants are components that enhance immune responses to an antigen. Given the importance of adjuvants, research on novel adjuvants with higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects remains crucial. ( sp.

Role of gamma irradiation and disaccharide trehalose to induce immune responses in Syrian hamster model against Iranian SARS-CoV-2 virus isolate.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is the causative agent of the emerging zoonotic respiratory disease. One of the most important prerequisites for combating emerging diseases is the development of vaccines within a short period of time. In this study, antigen-irradiated, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 viruses and the disaccharide trehalose were used to enhance immune responses in the Syrian hamster.

Physicochemical, Antioxidant Characteristics and Sensory Evaluation of Functional Pro-Biogenic Ice Cream.

Pro-biogenic is a recent terminology widely used for products that combine biogenic materials and probiotics which has made progressive improvement in a new era of research on functional foods. This study aimed to develop functional ice cream with and propolis extract (PE) as a biogenic part to develop ice cream's physiochemical and antioxidant characteristics. Five probiotic ice cream samples were prepared using different levels of PE powder (0%, 0.

Human Brucellosis in the Rural and Urban Population of Pakistan: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Manifestations.

Brucella spp. is the bacterium responsible for brucellosis, a zoonotic infection that affects humans. This disease poses significant health challenges and contributes to poverty, particularly in developing countries.

Incremental benefit of high dose compared to standard dose influenza vaccine in reducing hospitalizations.

Evidence regarding the high-dose (HD) vaccine's relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) and absolute benefit in reducing influenza-related hospitalizations compared to the standard-dose (SD) vaccine is warranted. We estimated the adjusted rVE and the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) of the HD vaccine compared to the SD vaccine among Clalit Health Services members aged ≥65 years. Among 418,603 and 393,125 members vaccinated in the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 influenza seasons, the adjusted rVE was 27% (95% CI: -12% to 61%) for 2022-2023 and 7% (95% CI: -36% to 42%) for 2023-2024, with NNV to prevent one hospitalization event being 2262 (95% CI: 1004 to ∞) and 7662 (95% CI: 1293 to ∞), respectively.

Efficacy of hyperimmunized egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against Campylobacter jejuni: In Vitro and In Vivo evaluations.

Campylobacter infections are a prevalent cause of diarrheal disease in humans and are the most significant zoonotic pathogens worldwide. Human campylobacteriosis is generally via ingestion of contaminated poultry products. However, based on recent studies chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) powder has great potential to reduce the cecum load of Campylobacter jejuni (C.

In silico MLVA Analysis of Brucella melitensis from Human and Livestock in Iran.

Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. globally, is of great significance not only to livestock but also to public health. The most significant of the twelve species is Brucella melitensis.

Antioxidant Nutraceuticals: Their Adjunct Role in the Management of COVID-19 Infections and Post-COVID Syndrome.

The COVID-19 epidemic in recent years has been produced by various coronavirus strains that nearly destroyed world health policies and economics. Emerging viral strains exac-erbated the pandemic. Huge investments have been made in preventative vaccines to combat the disease, but the genetic instability of these viruses has hampered their usefulness.

Interpretive Structural Modeling of the Role of the Organizational Nature on Brand Identity in the Biological Industry (A Case Study of the Razi Institute).

This research seeks to investigate the factors related to the nature of the organization and its role in brand identity. The research was conducted in the field of biological industry. Razi Institute is the leader of the vaccine industry in terms of a variety of products and production of more than 70% of the country's market needs and is a propitious case for studying this industry.

Assessment of Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Selected Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Rats Post-Immunized with Inactivated COVID-19 Virus.

Serum levels of vitamin D (VD) are inversely correlated with the incidence or severity of COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the effects of inactivated COVID-19 virus (ICoV-19) immunization on VD levels, as well as biochemical and hematological parameters in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty rats were randomly divided into two groups of 10: the control group (group I) and the ICoV-19-receiving group (group II).

Newcastle Disease Vaccination Program in Broilers Using an Apathogenic Heat-Resistant Vaccine.

Newcastle disease (ND) is among the most common and deadliest poultry diseases worldwide. Thermostable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines have been widely used to protect village chickens against ND due to their decreased dependence on cold chains for transport and storage. The NDV4 Heat-Resistant (NDV4HR) vaccine is an apathogenic, heat-resistant, live vaccine that can induce immunity in chickens.

Cell Identification, Characterization, and Documentation for Use in the Production of Biological Products.

There is always a concern about the quality of cell-based products in terms of the contamination of the cells and their lack of efficiency. Therefore, it is of prime importance to ensure these cells' identity, purity, efficacy, and suitability for the production of biological products and diagnostic uses. Hence, cells must be identified, evaluated, documented, and stored to be used consistently and efficiently.

Immunogenicity of Inactivated H5 Avian Influenza Vaccine Used in Commercial Laying Pullet in Tehran Province, Iran.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a viral disease caused by some H5 and H7 subtypes of influenza virus type A in most species of birds, especially poultry. HPAI viruses are among the most challenging viruses that threaten both human and animal health. Consequently, various strategies, such as the use of vaccines have been proposed to control the disease.

Evaluation of protective immunity in chickens vaccinated with combined IB H120/D274 and IB H120 against IS/1494/06 in Iran.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has a variety of serotypes that cause many problems in the poultry industry. Two H120 and H120-D274 live vaccines were evaluated against strain IS/1494/06 (variant 2) IBV challenge. The study aimed to determine whether it was possible to achieve success in controlling disease symptoms and pathological lesions and reducing virus shedding by combining two types of vaccines against different severities of poultry IBV.

Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato control measures: a specific focus on vaccines for both definitive and intermediate hosts.

Echinococcosis, a neglected zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus tapeworms, presents significant public health challenges worldwide. Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis has substantial health and economic impacts, necessitating effective prevention and control strategies. The present review provides a framework to expand our knowledge regarding key components of echinococcosis prevention and control, including phases, options, targets and available tools as well as current gaps and challenges in the field.

Bovine Brucellosis: First Comprehensive Evaluation from Hamedan, an Endemic Area in Iran.

Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease. The disease is one of the major concerns in developing societies due to its great importance for public health and economic losses in the animal industry. The principal target of the study was to detect the prevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors in cattle from Hamedan (western Iran) using different laboratory techniques.

Novel zoonotic and genotypes in domestic pigeons () in Iran: Public health implications.

To determine the occurrence of microsporidiosis in domestic pigeons in Iran, privately-owned pigeons presenting weight loss and diarrhea were tested through molecular and histopathological methods. Multiplex-PCR findings showed 57%, 30%, and 14% positivity for , , and mixed infection in the fecal samples, respectively. A novel genotype, named IrnEb1, falling into zoonotic group 1 of , and a novel genotype of , named Irn2E, clustering as a sister taxon to genotype 2B were identified in pigeons for the first time using Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analyses.

The Long-Term Journey of a Tuberculosis Patient With Triple Organ Involvement and Rheumatological Disease: A Case Study and Literature Review.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria, which is more prevalent among immunocompromised individuals. According to the distribution of affected organs, this infection can be categorized as either pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB. Immunodeficiency states resulting from rheumatological disorders and the use of immunosuppressive medications, such as in Behçet's disease (BD), are potential predisposing factors for TB, particularly in cases involving multiple organs.

Comparative assessment of brucellosis detection in dogs: In-house ELISA versus Rose Bengal Plate Test utilizing rough and smooth antigens.

Brucella canis and smooth Brucella species infections have been reported in dogs globally. In endemic countries such as Türkiye, dogs can be infected with both species. The exact incidence of canine brucellosis in Türkiye is unknown.

Honeybee defense mechanisms: Role of honeybee gut microbiota and antimicrobial peptides in maintaining colony health and preventing diseases.

Honeybees play a vital role in pollination and the maintenance of ecosystem biodiversity, making their health and well-being crucial for agriculture and environmental sustainability. Bee health is modulated by symbiotic microorganisms colonizing the gut in balanced proportions. Studies have demonstrated that these beneficial bacteria have the capacity to enhance the immune system of honey bees, having substantial impact on regulating their immunological responses and hence aiding in defending against pathogenic illnesses.