Combined coagulation and inflammation markers as predictors of venous thrombo-embolism and death in COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic related to SARS-CoV-2 virus was responsible for global pandemic. The severe form of the disease was linked to excessive activation of immune pathways together with a systemic cytokine storm response and thrombotic venous or arterial complications. Factors predicting severe outcomes including venous and/or pulmonary thrombosis (VT) and death were identified, but the prognostic role of their combination was not addressed extensively.

Endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: clinical outcomes of patients included in the registry of a pragmatic randomized trial.

Objective: The role of endovascular treatment in the management of patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remains uncertain. AVM embolization can be offered as stand-alone curative therapy or prior to surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) (pre-embolization). The Treatment of Brain AVMs Study (TOBAS) is an all-inclusive pragmatic study that comprises two randomized trials and multiple registries.

Effect of an enteral amino acid blend on muscle and gut functionality in critically ill patients: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial.

Background: A defining feature of prolonged critical illness is muscle wasting, leading to impaired recovery. Supplementation with a tailored blend of amino acids may bolster the innate gut defence, promote intestinal mucosa repair and limit muscle loss.

Methods: This was a monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that included patients with sepsis or acute respiratory distress syndrome.

The cuff leak test in critically ill patients: An international survey of intensivists.

Background: The cuff leak test (CLT) is used to assess laryngeal edema prior to extubation. There is limited evidence for its diagnostic accuracy and conflicting guidelines surrounding its use in critically ill patients who do not have risk factors for laryngeal edema. The primary study aim was to describe intensivists' beliefs, attitudes, and practice regarding the use of the CLT.

Surgical treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: clinical outcomes of patients included in the registry of a pragmatic randomized trial.

Objective: The Treatment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Study (TOBAS) is a pragmatic study that includes 2 randomized trials and registries of treated or conservatively managed patients. The authors report the results of the surgical registry.

Methods: TOBAS patients are managed according to an algorithm that combines clinical judgment and randomized allocation.

Supraventricular Arrhythmia Following Patent Foramen Ovale Percutaneous Closure.

Background: Randomized studies have reported low rates of atrial fibrillation (AF) after patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure (<6%) but have relied on patient-reported symptomatic episodes, so the true incidence and timing of AF after PFO closure remain unknown.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to prospectively determine the incidence, timing, and determinants of supraventricular arrhythmia following PFO closure on the basis of loop recorder monitoring.

Methods: Cardiac monitoring was proposed to all patients after PFO closure from June 2018 to October 2021 at a single center by means of implantable loop recorder monitoring in patients considered at higher risk for AF (age ≥ 55 years, associated cardiovascular risk factors, prior palpitations, or documented supraventricular ectopic activity) or 4-week external loop recorder monitoring in other patients.

Diaphragm Ultrasound in Cardiac Surgery: State of the Art.

In cardiac surgery, patients are at risk of phrenic nerve injury, which leads to diaphragm dysfunction and acute respiratory failure. Diaphragm dysfunction (DD) is relatively frequent in cardiac surgery and particularly affects patients after coronary artery bypass graft. The onset of DD affects patients' prognosis in term of weaning from mechanical ventilation and hospital length of stay.

Pannexin-1 channel opening is critical for COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly rampaged worldwide, causing a pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID -19), but the biology of SARS-CoV-2 remains under investigation. We demonstrate that both SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human coronavirus 229E (hCoV-229E) or its purified S protein, one of the main viruses responsible for the common cold induce the transient opening of Pannexin-1 (Panx-1) channels in human lung epithelial cells. However, the Panx-1 channel opening induced by SARS-CoV-2 is greater and more prolonged than hCoV-229E/S protein, resulting in an enhanced ATP, PGE, and IL-1β release.

Smoking and obesity among long-haul truck drivers in France.

Introduction: This study examines the health status of long-haul truck drivers (LHTDs) and more specifically smoking and obesity, in France.

Methods: A total of 373 French and other LHTDs were randomly interviewed at six highway rest stops. Variables recorded were self-reported sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, and nationality), behavioral variables (consumption of sodas, daily exercise, smoking status), weight and height.

COVID-19 Lung Pathogenesis in SARS-CoV-2 Autopsy Cases.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a major public health issue. COVID-19 is considered an airway/multi-systemic disease, and demise has been associated with an uncontrolled immune response and a cytokine storm in response to the virus. However, the lung pathology, immune response, and tissue damage associated with COVID-19 demise are poorly described and understood due to safety concerns.

Correlation between first tarsometatarsal joint mobility and hallux valgus severity.

Purpose: The mobility of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT1) is said to be correlated to the severity of hallux valgus determined using both clinical and radiographic criteria. The sagittal mobility of the TMT1 joint can be evaluated objectively using a new ultrasound test, which quantifies it in the form of a unitless value (ratio of two measurements). The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between TMT1 mobility on an ultrasound test and hallux valgus severity.

Duration of antibiotic treatment using procalcitonin-guided treatment algorithms in older patients: a patient-level meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials.

Background: Older patients have a less pronounced immune response to infection, which may also influence infection biomarkers. There is currently insufficient data regarding clinical effects of procalcitonin (PCT) to guide antibiotic treatment in older patients.

Objective And Design: We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the association of age on effects of PCT-guided antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic use and outcome.

Bone mineral density at extremely low weight in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Objective: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a frequent and invalidating consequence of chronic undernourishment in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this study was to assess prevalence and clinic-biological correlates of low BMD and fractures in extremely undernourished inpatients with AN.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Association between prophylactic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and overall survival in Duchenne muscular dystrophy-analysis of registry data.

Aims: To estimate the effect of prophylactic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) on survival in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Methods And Results: We analysed the data from the French multicentre DMD Heart Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03443115).

Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Hypertensive Patients with COVID-19 (COVIDECA Study).

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) among hypertensive patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is debated. The aim of the COVIDECA study was to assess the outcome of ACEI and ARB among hypertensive patients presenting with COVID-19. We reviewed from the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris healthcare record database all patients presenting with confirmed COVID-19 by RT-PCR.

How to treat neurogenic bladder and sexual dysfunction after spinal cord lesion.

Neurogenic bladder and sexual dysfunction after spinal cord lesions are highly prevalent. The treatment algorithm for neurogenic bladder is well described. Clean intermittent self-catheterisation associated with treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity is the gold standard.

Echocardiographic abnormalities in 124 severely malnourished adult anorexia nervosa patients: frequency and relationship with body composition and biological features.

Background: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a complex psychiatric disorder that can lead to specific somatic complications. Heart abnormalities are frequently reported, while their frequency and associated factors in severely malnourished AN patients remain poorly defined.

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize echocardiographic abnormalities in severely malnourished AN patients and to assess associated clinical, biological and related body composition features.

Pharmacological principles guiding prolonged glucocorticoid treatment in ARDS.

Current literature addressing the pharmacological principles guiding glucocorticoid (GC) administration in ARDS is scant. This paucity of information may have led to the heterogeneity of treatment protocols and misinterpretation of available findings. GCs are agonist compounds that bind to the GC receptor (GR) producing a pharmacological response.

Association of kidney function with effectiveness of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic treatment: a patient-level meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: Patients with impaired kidney function have a significantly slower decrease of procalcitonin (PCT) levels during infection. Our aim was to study PCT-guided antibiotic stewardship and clinical outcomes in patients with impairments of kidney function as assessed by creatinine levels measured upon hospital admission.

Methods: We pooled and analyzed individual data from 15 randomized controlled trials who were randomly assigned to receive antibiotic therapy based on a PCT-algorithms or based on standard of care.

Efficacy of generic meropenem products in combination with colistin in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae experimental osteomyelitis.

Guidelines for the management of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) infections recommend a combination of two active agents, including meropenem if the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is ≤8 mg/L. The therapeutic equivalence of meropenem generics has been challenged. We compared the bactericidal activity of meropenem innovator (AstraZeneca) and four generic products (Actavis, Kabi, Mylan and Panpharma), both in vitro and in vivo, in association with colistin.

Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited.

Objective: To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin.

Nocturia in patients with cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate current literature on the association between cognitive dysfunction and nocturia.

Methods: A systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was conducted through MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE databases and completed in November 2019. Randomized and non-randomized studies were included if they assessed the association between cognitive dysfunction and nocturia in older participants with or without neurological diseases.