Prevalence and predictors of functional gastrointestinal disorder among the undergraduate students of Bangladesh.

Objective: This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by investigating FGID prevalence and its predictors among undergraduate students in Bangladesh.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 01 August 2023 and 31 January 2024 among 1,019 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a web-based survey containing questions on socio-demographics, the Rome IV questionnaire, the insomnia severity index, the perceived stress scale 4, the patient health questionnaire, and the smartphone addiction scale.

Motivating healthcare workers (HCWs) to ensure service delivery during public health emergencies: Insights from a discrete choice experiment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.

The disruption of health service delivery during public health emergencies, like Ebola and COVID-19, due to hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) is well-documented. While previous studies have identified motivating factors for HCWs, accommodating all is often unfeasible due to resource limitations. Thus, identifying precise preferences is crucial from a policy standpoint.

Antibiotic usage patterns in COVID-19 patients in five tertiary hospitals from Bangladesh: A countrywide picture.

Objectives: Irrational and injudicious use of antibiotics in COVID-19 patients could be detrimental in a tropical country with a weak antibiotic stewardship policy such as Bangladesh. This study aimed to focus on the antibiotic usage patterns in COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh.

Methods: This prospective observational study was performed from July 2020 to June 2021 in five tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh.

Enhancing Clinical Validation for Early Cardiovascular Disease Prediction through Simulation, AI, and Web Technology.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a major global health challenge and a leading cause of mortality, highlighting the need for improved predictive models. We introduce an innovative agent-based dynamic simulation technique that enhances our AI models' capacity to predict CVD progression. This method simulates individual patient responses to various cardiovascular risk factors, improving prediction accuracy and detail.

Innovative Machine Learning Strategies for Early Detection and Prevention of Pregnancy Loss: The Vitamin D Connection and Gestational Health.

Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is a prevalent health concern with significant implications globally for gestational health. This research leverages machine learning to enhance the prediction of EPL and to differentiate between typical pregnancies and those at elevated risk during the initial trimester. We employed different machine learning methodologies, from conventional models to more advanced ones such as deep learning and multilayer perceptron models.

Efficacy and Safety of Omarigliptin, a Novel Once-Weekly Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Backgruound: No recent meta-analysis has holistically analyzed and summarized the efficacy and safety of omarigliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a meta-analysis to address this knowledge gap.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included patients with T2DM who received omarigliptin in the intervention arm.

Association between glucocorticoid receptor beta and steroid resistance: A systematic review.

Background: Glucocorticoids are the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs for a variety of diseases, despite the fact that resistance to them is growing in a number of conditions. There is currently no biomarker that can be used to identify steroid resistance. According to a number of studies, an overexpression of the glucocorticoid receptor beta (GR-β) isoform is associated with steroid-resistant illness.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the brief assessment of recovery capital (BARC-10) scale into Bangla.

Recovery capital is a construct central to the substance use disorder treatment and recovery field. Lack of structured instrument for its assessment in the local context necessitated the translation of the English self-assessment version of the "Brief Assessment of Recovery Capital" (BARC-10) scale to Bangla and the study of its psychometric properties. The objective was to develop a culturally adapted and validated Bangla version of the BARC-10 scale for substance use disorders patients.

Association Among Cystic Volume, Intracystic Pressure, and Histopathological Changes in the Liver in Patients With Choledochal Cyst.

Background Choledochal cyst is a congenital cystic dilatation of the biliary tree. Various aspects of pathophysiology are unclear, particularly with reference to intracholedochal cystic pressure (ICCP) and liver histopathology. This study aimed to determine the relationship among cystic volume, ICCP, and histopathological changes in the liver in patients with choledochal cysts.

Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study.

Background: Achievement of lipid targets is crucial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data on lipid-control status among patients with T2DM in Bangladesh are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the lipid-control status among patients with T2DM who were on lipid-lowering drugs in the country.

Erasmus syndrome: A rare case report of silicosis and systemic sclerosis.

People with silicosis may develop Erasmus syndrome, a condition characterized by the emergence of systemic sclerosis (SSc) after silica exposure. This case study emphasizes the significance of understanding the connection between occupational silica exposure, silicosis, and SSc. A 24-year-old male stonecutter got silicosis and a form of SSc following 8 years on his job as a stonecutter.

Misty mesentery, ascites, and bowel wall thickening in a child: Diagnostic clue for intestinal lymphangiectasia.

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by lymphatic system obstruction, resulting in the leakage of lymph into the bowel lumen. We present the case of a 6-year-old boy with recurrent diarrhea and weight loss. On examination, bilateral pitting edema in the lower limbs was observed.

Acute calcific periarthritis of acromioclavicular joint: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: It is of utmost importance to be aware of acute calcific periarthritis, as it may confuse the clinicians leading to misdiagnosis. Furthermore, patients may be subjected to various diagnostic and invasive procedures due to a lack of familiarity with this condition.

Abstract: Deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in the para-articular soft tissues is a well-known condition, often involving the shoulder joint.

Role of White Blood Cell Count, Immature to Total Ratio and C-Reactive Protein in Early Detection of Clinically Suspected Neonatal Sepsis.

Despite recent advances in neonatal care, early detection of neonatal sepsis still remains challenging. Positive blood culture is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis of neonatal sepsis but is time consuming and demands a well equipped laboratory setting. Therefore, it becomes imperative to evaluate usefulness of white blood cell count, Immature to total (IT) ratio and C-reactive protein as potential markers in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

The Use of the "Respiratory Rate Oxygenation (ROX) Index" in the Assessment of Respiratory Support and Observation of Its Outcome in COVID-19 Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure.

Background: COVID-19 infection caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus may result in severe acute respiratory failure and require respiratory support in the ICU.

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the role of the respiratory rate oxygenation (ROX) index in the assessment of the adequacy of non-invasive respiratory support the COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure and observe its outcome.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between October 2020 and September 2021 in the Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia, and Intensive Care Medicine of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Comparison of fasting and random lipid profiles among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an outpatient-based cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.

Background: Despite the wide acceptability of fasting lipid profiles in practice, emerging evidence suggests that random lipid profiles might be a convenient alternative for lipid measurement. The objective of the present study was to compare the fasting and random lipid profile among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 1543 subjects with T2DM visiting several endocrinology outpatient clinics throughout Bangladesh from January to December 2021.

Risk stratification using the 2021 IDF-DAR risk calculator and fasting experience of Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes in Ramadan: The DAR-BAN study.

Aims: To risk-stratify patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to the IDF-DAR 2021 guidelines and observe their responsiveness to risk-category-based recommendations and fasting experience.

Methods: This prospective study, conducted in the -Ramadan period of 2022, evaluated adults with T2DM and categorized them using the IDF-DAR 2021 risk stratification tool. Recommendations for fasting according to the risk categories were made, their intention to fast was recorded, and follow-up data were collected within one month of the end of Ramadan.

Comparison of simplicity, convenience, safety, and cost-effectiveness between use of insulin pen devices and disposable plastic syringes by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study from Bangladesh.

Introduction: Insulin pen devices and disposable plastic insulin syringes are two common tools for insulin administration. This study aims to compare the simplicity, convenience, safety, and cost-effectiveness of insulin pens versus syringe devices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 14 diabetes clinics throughout Bangladesh from November 2021 to April 2022 among adults with T2DM injecting insulin by pen devices or disposable insulin syringes at least once a day for at least one year by purposive sampling.

Aducanumab for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.

Aducanumab is a novel disease-modifying anti-amyloid-beta (Aβ) human monoclonal antibody specifically targeted to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It was granted for treating AD in June 2021 by the United States Food and Drug Administration. We systematically analyzed available trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aducanumab treating AD.

Economic Burden of Severe Hypoglycemia Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Bangladesh is anticipated to have the eighth-highest number of diabetic patients within the next 15 years. Approximately one-fifth of adult diabetes patients reside in Southeast Asian nations. This study aimed to find out the economic burden of extreme hypoglycemia on diabetic sufferers in Bangladesh.

A Multidisciplinary Approach and Current Perspective of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.

In recent times, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been considered one of the major causes of liver disease across the world. NAFLD is defined as the deposition of triglycerides in the liver and is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance (IR), fatty liver, hepatocyte injury, unbalanced proinflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, liver inflammation, and fibrosis are the main pathogenesis in NAFLD.

Respiratory symptoms, spirometric, and radiological status of stone-cutting workers in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Inhalation of respirable silica dust during several stone processing methods can result in several respiratory diseases. However, data are scarce regarding the respiratory health of stone-cutting workers in Bangladesh. We aimed to determine the point prevalence of respiratory symptoms, lung function status and radiological abnormalities among the stone-cutting workers.