124 results match your criteria: "Range Cattle Research and Education Center[Affiliation]"

Maternal nutrition during gestation can cause epigenetic effects that translate to alterations in gene expression in offspring. This 2-year study employed RNA-sequencing technology to evaluate the pre- and post-vaccination muscle transcriptome of early-weaned Bos indicus-influenced beef calves born from dams offered different supplementation strategies from 57 ± 5 d prepartum until 17 ± 5 d postpartum. Seventy-two Brangus heifers (36 heifers/yr) were stratified by body weight and body condition score and assigned to bahiagrass pastures (3 heifers/pasture/yr).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the frequency of visits to a mineral feeder equipped with radio-frequency identification (RFID). In Exp. 1, twelve heifers (Braford, Brahman, and White Angus; n = 4/breed) were fitted with RFID ear tags and placed into a pasture with access to a RFID-equipped mineral feeder.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Phytoremediation potential of wheat intercropped with different densities of Sedum plumbizincicola in soil contaminated with cadmium and zinc.

Chemosphere

August 2021

National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.

Intercropping technology is applied widely in crop cultivation to help remediate soil polluted with heavy metals. To investigate the feasibility and potential of intercropping hyperaccumulator plants with crops in cadmium (Cd)- and zinc (Zn)-contaminated soil, a pot experiment was conducted to examine plant growth and the contents of Cd and Zn in the soil following intercropping of wheat and Sedum plumbizincicola. Five treatments were examined: control (wheat monoculture: 36 seedlings per pot), and intercropping of wheat with different planting densities of S.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Three studies were completed to evaluate the effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn source on preferential intake, trace mineral status, and rainfall-induced metal loss of salt-based mineral supplements. Mineral supplements were formulated to contain 2,500, 5,500, and 4,000 mg/kg of Cu, Zn, and Mn, respectively. Supplements differed only by source of Cu, Zn, and Mn, which were hydroxychloride, organic, or sulfate sources.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 2-yr study was conducted at the Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida - Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) (Ona, FL), to evaluate differences in the metabolism of Cu and Se of Angus (Bos taurus) and Brahman (Bos indicus) cattle. Thirty-two pregnant beef cows (n = 8 Brahman and 8 Angus/yr) were enrolled in the study in the first trimester of gestation. This study consisted of three phases: 1) restriction (day 0 to 90), 2) supplementation (day 91 to 150), and 3) calving.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Maternal nutrition affects the development of the fetus and postnatal performance of the calf. Methionine may play a critical role in developmental programming and is likely deficient in beef cows fed low-quality forage. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of metabolizable methionine supply to lactating beef cows during the periconception period on performance of cows, calves, and subsequent offspring.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effects of different types of humic acid isolated from coal on soil NH volatilization and CO emissions.

Environ Res

March 2021

National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resource, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.

Humic acid can improve soil nutrients and promote plant growth. Weathered coal and lignite can be used as agricultural resources due to high humic acid content, but their impact on soil NH volatilization and CO emissions are yet to be determined. In this study, a field experiment was carried out to compare the effects of four types of humic acid isolated from coal (pulverized weathered coal (HC), pulverized lignite (HL), alkalized weathered coal (AC) and alkalized lignite (AL)) on NH volatilization, CO emissions, pH, the C/N ratio and enzyme activities in soil cultivated with maize.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effects of social structure and management on risk of disease establishment in wild pigs.

J Anim Ecol

April 2021

National Wildlife Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

Contact heterogeneity among hosts determines invasion and spreading dynamics of infectious disease, thus its characterization is essential for identifying effective disease control strategies. Yet, little is known about the factors shaping contact networks in many wildlife species and how wildlife management actions might affect contact networks. Wild pigs in North America are an invasive, socially structured species that pose a health concern for domestic swine given their ability to transmit numerous devastating diseases such as African swine fever (ASF).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Motion-activated wildlife cameras (or "camera traps") are frequently used to remotely and noninvasively observe animals. The vast number of images collected from camera trap projects has prompted some biologists to employ machine learning algorithms to automatically recognize species in these images, or at least filter-out images that do not contain animals. These approaches are often limited by model transferability, as a model trained to recognize species from one location might not work as well for the same species in different locations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Biochar impacts on nutrient dynamics in a subtropical grassland soil: 2. Greenhouse gas emissions.

J Environ Qual

September 2020

Dep. of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, Univ. of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA.

Land application of biochar reportedly provides many benefits, including reduced risk of nutrient transport, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation, and increased soil C storage, but additional field validation is needed. We evaluated the effectiveness of biochar in controlling the lability of nutrients in agricultural land. This study was designed to evaluate the impacts of biochar co-applied with various N and P sources on GHG fluxes from a subtropical grassland.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Despite the numerous benefits of biosolids, concerns over nutrient losses restrict the extent to which biosolids can be beneficially reused. We evaluated the effectiveness of biochar in controlling the lability of nutrients in agricultural land. This study was designed to investigate the potential impacts of co-applying biochar with biosolids or inorganic fertilizer on N and P leaching losses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Coexpression network analysis is a powerful tool to reveal transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, identify transcription factors, and discover gene functions. It can also be used to investigate changes in coexpression patterns in response to environmental insults or changes in experimental conditions. Maternal nutrition is considered a major intrauterine regulator of fetal developmental programming.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Seasonal and daily shifts in behavior and resource selection: how a carnivore navigates costly landscapes.

Oecologia

October 2020

School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, 210 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

The dynamic environmental conditions in highly seasonal systems likely have a strong influence on how species use the landscape. Animals must balance seasonal and daily changes to landscape risk with the underlying resources provided by that landscape. One way to balance the seasonal and daily changes in the costs and benefits of a landscape is through behaviorally-explicit resource selection and temporal partitioning.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Soil nitrogen (N) availability is critical for grassland functioning. However, human activities have increased the supply of biologically limiting nutrients, and changed the density and identity of mammalian herbivores. These anthropogenic changes may alter net soil N mineralization (soil net N ), that is, the net balance between N mineralization and immobilization, which could severely impact grassland structure and functioning.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 52-d winter feeding trial was conducted to determine animal performance, utilization, and economics of pearl millet (PM) baleage, sorghum × sudangrass (SS) baleage, and "Tifton 85" bermudagrass (B) hay for lactating beef cow-calf pairs. Cone (C) and open-shaped (O) rings were evaluated for potential to minimize forage wastage. The experiment was a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments for each forage type × hay ring (3 cow-calf pairs per treatment; 2 replications per treatment).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This 2-yr study evaluated the growth and puberty attainment of Bos indicus-influenced beef heifers offered 2 different postweaning concentrate supplementation amounts and delivery frequencies. On day 0 of each year, 64 Brangus crossbred heifers were stratified by initial body weight (BW) and age (mean = 244 ± 22 kg; 314 ± 17 d) and assigned into 1 of 16 bahiagrass pastures (4 heifers/pasture/yr). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures in a 2 × 2 factorial design (4 pastures/treatment/yr) and consisted of concentrate dry matter (DM) supplementation at 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Silicon modulates copper absorption and increases yield of Tanzania guinea grass under copper toxicity.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

September 2020

"Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil.

Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element which was proven to enhance the tolerance of plants to excess metal in a given growth medium. However, the efficacy of Si in mitigating Cu toxicity in plants can vary between plant species and with the amount of copper (Cu) present in the soil/medium. An experiment was performed to investigate the role of Si in alleviating Cu toxicity in Tanzania guinea grass (Panicum maximum cv.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 2-yr study evaluated the growth and postvaccination immune response of beef calves born from heifers offered no supplementation or pre- and postpartum supplementation of sugarcane molasses + urea with or without methionine hydroxy analog (MHA). On day 0 of each year (57 ± 5 d prepartum), Brangus crossbred beef heifers (n = 36/yr; 20 to 22 mo of age) were stratified by their initial body weight (BW; 396 ± 24.1 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 5.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The effectiveness of antibiotics has been challenged by the increasing frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AR), which has emerged as a major threat to global health. Despite the negative impact of AR on health, there are few effective strategies for reducing AR in food-producing animals. Of the antimicrobial resistant microorganisms (ARMs), extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing are an emerging global threat due to their increasing prevalence in livestock, even in animals raised without antibiotics.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Beef production needs to increase from 60 million to 130 million tons by 2050 to feed a growing world population, and 70% of this production increase is expected from beef industries located in subtropical and tropical regions of the world. Bos indicus-influenced cattle predominate in these regions but are often managed using practices developed for Bos taurus breeds reared in temperate climates. Hence, a fundamental step to meet the increasing global demand for beef is to develop specific management for B.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Combining Orchardgrass and Alfalfa: Effects of Forage Ratios on In Vitro Rumen Degradation and Fermentation Characteristics of Silage Compared with Hay.

Animals (Basel)

December 2019

Key Laboratory of Grasslands Management and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different forage ratios of orchardgrass () and alfalfa () on in vitro rumen degradation and fermentation characteristics. Orchardgrass and alfalfa were harvested separately and prepared as hay and silage mixtures at ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 (w/w on a dry matter basis) and anaerobically incubated for 48 h with rumen fluid obtained from lactating dairy cows. Fermented residues and cultured fluids were used to determine nutrient degradability, fermentation parameters, and associative effect indices.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effects of a single trace mineral injection at beginning of fixed-time AI treatment regimen on reproductive function and antioxidant response of grazing Nellore cows.

Anim Reprod Sci

December 2019

Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil. Electronic address:

Two experiments evaluated the effects of injectable trace minerals (ITM) administered 11 d before artificial insemination (AI) on body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), ovarian structures, pregnancy rate, and antioxidant response of Nellore cows. In Experiment 1, 20 multiparous cows were assigned to one of two treatments: subcutaneous injection (6 mL/cow; 11 d before AI) of saline solution or ITM (60, 10, 5, and 15 mg/mL of Zn, Mn, Se and Cu, respectively) and BW, BCS, ovarian structures and blood were evaluated. In Experiment 2, 1,144 multiparous cows were assigned to same treatments described in Experiment 1 and pregnancy rate on d 30 was evaluated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Soil net nitrogen mineralisation across global grasslands.

Nat Commun

October 2019

Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.

Soil nitrogen mineralisation (N), the conversion of organic into inorganic N, is important for productivity and nutrient cycling. The balance between mineralisation and immobilisation (net N) varies with soil properties and climate. However, because most global-scale assessments of net N are laboratory-based, its regulation under field-conditions and implications for real-world soil functioning remain uncertain.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Functional responses explain how changes in resource availability impact resource use by consumers, helping predict the invasibility and potential harm of invasive alien species (IAS), which can vary based on multiple ecological factors.
  • - The study focused on wild pigs as a prominent IAS, examining how their movement patterns within different agro-ecosystems affected their use of agricultural crops versus natural forage, revealing a strong and context-dependent relationship.
  • - Researchers found that wild pigs tended to rely more on crops when natural forage was scarce, with crop damage varying significantly depending on the availability of surrounding resources and the specific environmental context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effect of a trace mineral injection at weaning on growth, antioxidant enzymes activity, and immune system in Nellore calves.

Trop Anim Health Prod

March 2020

Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of injectable trace minerals (ITM) at the time of weaning on growth, antioxidant, and immune response of Nellore (Bos indicus) calves. Weaned calves (n = 159; 213 ± 32 kg) were stratified by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: injection (1 mL/45 kg of BW) of saline or ITM. Saline solution consisted of 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF