DNA Imprinting and Differentially Expressed Genes in Muscle of Submitted to Early Weaning Management.

Early weaning management followed by energy supplementation can lead to metabolic alterations in the calf that exert long-term effects on the animal's health and performance. It is believed that the main molecular basis underlying these metabolic adaptations are epigenetic mechanisms that regulate, activate, or silence genes at different stages of development and/or in response to different environmental stimuli. However, little is known about postnatal metabolic programming in .

Environmental impacts of land application of biosolids to perennial pastures.

Land application of biosolids to pastures confers multiple agronomic and environmental benefits, particularly in coarse-textured soils with low nutrient and organic matter levels. However, concerns over potential water quality have led to more stringent regulations that will limit beneficial reuse of biosolids in Florida. This 3-year field study evaluated the impacts of biosolids application strategies on N and P leaching losses, and soil P availability in an established bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flueggé) pasture.

Replacing sulfate with hydroxychloride sources of trace minerals modulated the growth performance and plasma indicators of inflammation and energy metabolism in beef heifers during periods of feed restriction and adaptation to a high-starch diet.

This study evaluated the effects of different sources (sulfate vs. hydroxychloride) of Cu, Mn, and Zn during feed restriction and a high-starch diet on heifer growth performance. On day 0, Nelore heifers (n = 40) were stratified by body weight (BW = 238 ± 38 kg) and age (21 ± 1 mo), and individually allocated into 1 of the 40 drylot pens.

Friends because of foes: synchronous movement within predator-prey domains.

For prey, movement synchrony represents a potent antipredator strategy. Prey, however, must balance the costs and benefits of using conspecifics to mediate risk. Thus, the emergent patterns of risk-driven sociality depend on variation in space and in the predators and prey themselves.

Estimating encounter-habitat relationships with scale-integrated resource selection functions.

Encounters between animals occur when animals are close in space and time. Encounters are important in many ecological processes including sociality, predation and disease transmission. Despite this, there is little theory regarding the spatial distribution of encounters and no formal framework to relate environmental characteristics to encounters.

The LTAR Grazing Land Common Experiment at Archbold Biological Station-University of Florida.

The Archbold Biological Station-University of Florida (ABS-UF) Long-term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) site lies in the heart of south-central Florida, representing subtropical humid grazing lands in North America and globally. Beef producers in this region face challenges due to climate variability, limited nutritive value of forages, poor soils, public concerns about water quality and greenhouse gas emissions, management trade-offs, economic uncertainty, and increasing urban encroachment. The ABS-UF Common Experiment, co-designed with stakeholders, will assess innovative management systems in comparison to prevailing management systems on key indicators of sustainability.

A study at the wildlife-livestock interface unveils the potential of feral swine as a reservoir for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.

Wildlife is known to serve as carriers and sources of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Due to their unrestricted movements and behaviors, they can spread antimicrobial resistant bacteria among livestock, humans, and the environment, thereby accelerating the dissemination of AMR. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is one of major concerns threatening human and animal health, yet transmission mechanisms at the wildlife-livestock interface are not well understood.

SNAPSHOT USA 2021: A third coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States.

SNAPSHOT USA is a multicontributor, long-term camera trap survey designed to survey mammals across the United States. Participants are recruited through community networks and directly through a website application (https://www.snapshot-usa.

Maternal pre- and postpartum supplementation of a Bacillus-based DFM enhanced cow and calf performance.

This study evaluated the effects of maternal supplementation of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on the physiology and growth performance of Bos indicus-influenced cow-calf pairs. On day 0 (~139 d before expected calving date), 72 fall-calving, Brangus crossbred beef heifers (20 to 22 mo of age) pregnant with first offspring were stratified by their initial body weight (BW; 431 ± 31 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 6.0 ± 0.

Maternal prepartum supplementation of protein and energy and body condition score modulated the performance of Bos indicus-influenced cow-calf pairs.

Retrospective analyses were performed on a dataset of 1188 fall-calving, Brangus cow-calf pairs. Analyses 1 sorted cows according to their initial body condition score (BCS < 5 vs. ≥ 5) and whether they received (SUP) or not (NOSUP) prepartum supplementation of protein and energy.

Effect of Different Herbage Allowances from Mid to Late Gestation on Nellore Cow Performance and Female Offspring Growth until Weaning.

This study evaluated different herbage allowances from mid to late pregnancy on pre- and postpartum physiological responses, milk production, and the performance of Nellore cows and the preweaning growth of their female offspring. Sixty multiparous Nellore cows were blocked by their body weight (BW; 425 ± 36 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 3.67 ± 0.

Effects of breed on preferential intake of hydroxychloride and sulfate sources of trace minerals in growing beef heifers.

This study evaluated the effects of breed on voluntary preferential intake of two sources of Cu, Mn, and Zn when added to white salt-based trace mineral supplement (days 0 to 55; experiment 1) and protein supplement (days 56 to 112; experiment 2). On day 0, Nelore and ½ Angus × ½ Nelore heifers ( = 20/breed) were stratified by breed, body weight (BW = 347 ± 82 kg), and age (12 to 30 mo), and randomly allocated into 1 of the 40 drylot pens (1 heifer/pen). Both experiments were divided into washout (days 0 to 27 in experiment 1 and days 56 to 83 in experiment 2) and preferential intake periods (days 28 to 55 in experiment 1 and days 84 to 112 in experiment 2).

Monitoring the Effect of Weed Encroachment on Cattle Behavior in Grazing Systems Using GPS Tracking Collars.

Weed encroachment on grasslands can negatively affect herbage allowance and animal behavior, impacting livestock production. We used low-cost GPS collars fitted to twenty-four Angus crossbred steers to evaluate the effects of different levels of weed encroachment on animal activities and spatial distribution. The experiment was established with a randomized complete block design, with three treatments and four blocks.

Fire management effects on ruminal digestibility and in vitro methane emissions of subtropical rangeland plant species.

Prescribed fire is a common management practice used to manipulate rangeland plant productivity and composition. Although the nutritive value of most herbaceous plant species is considered poor for grazing animals, native rangelands in Florida are an important source of forage for livestock, especially during the winter months, when the productivity of cultivated perennial warm-season pastures is limited. This study evaluated the effects of prescribed fire on methanogenic potential and nutritive value of selected native rangeland plant species.

Stress in the city? Coyote hair cortisol varies with intrinsic and extrinsic factors within a heavily urbanized landscape.

Wildlife living in proximity to people are exposed to both natural and anthropogenic factors that may influence cortisol production associated with stress response. While some species, including coyotes (Canis latrans), have become commonplace in developed areas throughout North America, urban individuals still must navigate ever-changing, novel environments and cope with frequent disturbance. Given that coyotes are relatively large predators compared to most other urban wildlife, they face unique pressures such as crossing roadways to use suitable habitat fragments and are at a greater risk of being detected and experiencing negative human interactions.

Removing maternal heat stress abatement during gestation modulated postnatal physiology and improved performance of Bos indicus-influenced beef offspring.

This study evaluated the growth and immune response of beef calves born from Bos indicus-influenced beef heifers provided pre- and postpartum heat abatement on pasture. On 83 ± 4 d prepartum (day 0), 64 Brangus crossbred beef heifers (~¼ B. indicus) were stratified by body weight (BW; 454 ± 37 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 6.

Biochar impacts on soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in a Spodosol amended with biosolids and inorganic fertilizer.

Despite evidence suggesting that biochar can retain nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N), and reduce the risks of transport, research on the co-application of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizer sources is limited. Three laboratory studies (herein referred to as static incubation, column leaching, and batch sorption) were conducted to evaluate the impacts of two biochar materials (pine and grass biochar generated at temperatures of 800 and 400°C, respectively) on N and carbon (C) dynamics in soils amended with different N sources (ammonium nitrate, Class B, and Class AA biosolids). Nitrogen sources were applied at an equivalent rate of 180 kg N ha while biochar was applied at a 1% (w/w) rate.

Bakery waste supplementation to late gestating Bos indicus-influenced beef cows successfully impacted offspring postnatal performance.

This study evaluated the growth and immune function of beef calves born to cows supplemented with bakery waste containing two concentrations of crude fat. On day 0 (~90 d before calving), 108 multiparous Brangus crossbred cows were stratified by body weight (BW; 551 ± 65 kg) and body condition score (BCS, 5.5 ± 0.

Methane emissions and 13C composition from beef steers consuming binary C3-C4 diets.

Improvements in forage nutritive value can reduce methane emission intensity in grazing ruminants. This study was designed to evaluate how the legume rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata; RP) inclusion into bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay diets would affect intake and CH4 production in beef steers. We also assessed the potential to estimate the proportion of RP contribution to CH4 emissions using δ13C from enteric CH4.

The Impact of Mineral and Energy Supplementation and Phytogenic Compounds on Rumen Microbial Diversity and Nitrogen Utilization in Grazing Beef Cattle.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of a phytogenic compound blend (PHA) containing hydrolyzable tannins, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde oil to mineral salt or energy supplementation on the rumen microbiota and nitrogen metabolism of grazing Nellore cattle. Eight castrated Nellore steers were distributed in a double-Latin-square 4 × 4 design, with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (two types of supplements with or without the addition of the PHA), as follows: energy supplement without the PHA addition (EW); energy supplement with the PHA addition (EPHA); mineral supplement without the addition of the PHA (MW); mineral supplement with the PHA addition (MPHA). Steers that received supplements with the PHA have a lower ruminal proportion of valerate (with the PHA, 1.

PFAS release from wastewater residuals as a function of composition and production practices.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of highly persistent contaminants that have been linked to human health effects at low exposure concentrations. Public concerns exist that land-application of biosolids may result in the release of PFAS into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The relative importance of inorganic constituents such as Fe and Al, which are known to impact PFAS retention/release behavior in soils, on PFAS release from wastewater residuals (WWRs, i.