A Spectrum of Chemoport-Associated Complications and Their Management in Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Chemotherapy is part and parcel of the multimodality approach to cancer treatment. Chemoports are frequently used to administer chemotherapy, preventing complications associated with the use of peripheral lines. However, chemoports have their own set of complications and can be very debilitating at times.

Noninvasive cardiac-specific biomarkers for the diagnosis and prevention of vascular stenosis in cardiovascular disorder.

Background: The most frequent lesion in the blood vessels feeding the myocardium is vascular stenosis, a condition that develops slowly but can prove to be deadly in a long run. Non-invasive biomarkers could play a significant role in timely diagnosis, detection and management for vascular stenosis events associated with cardiovascular disorders.

Aims: The study aimed to investigate high sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI), cardiac troponin I (c-TnI) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) that may be used solely or in combination in detecting the extent of vascular stenosis in CVD patients.

The Indian REgistry on Current Patient PrOfiles and TReatment TrenDs in Hypertension (RECORD): Final Outcomes of the Real-world Observational Study.

: The Indian Registry on Current Patient Profiles and Treatment Trends in Hypertension (Record) evaluated the current trends and outcomes related to hypertension (HTN) management at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months in India. This study highlights and evaluates the outcomes and trends noted at 24 months. : The detailed study methodology is provided in the earlier publication (interim analysis at 12 months).

A Retrospective Observational Study of the Microbial Etiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Blood Cultures From ICU Patients at a Healthcare Facility in North India.

Introduction Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a leading source of fatalities and morbidity in hospitals. However, the clinical spectrum and antimicrobial resistance differ globally. Identifying the pathogenic spectrum and variations in antibiotic resistance is crucial for controlling BSI and preventing inappropriate antibiotic use.

TB LAMP assay, a beneficial tool for the diagnosis of Tubercular meningitis in resource-limited settings.

Introduction: Tubercular meningitis (TBM) is a serious public health problem in developing countries as it leads to significant mortality and residual neurological sequelae. The estimated mortality due to TBM in India is 1.5 per 100,000 population.

A Single Standard Polyvinyl Chloride 3D Skull Model to Create the Polymethyl Methacrylate Cranioplasty Flap: A Novel and Low-Cost Technique.

Background:  Although, cranioplasty is a commonly performed neurosurgical procedure worldwide, the cost of available cranioplasty implants is a major issue in a low-income country like India. The aims of this study were to introduce a novel and low-cost technique using a single standard three-dimensional (3D) skull model to guide the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cranioplasty flap production and to evaluate the functional and cosmetic outcomes.

Methods:  We retrospectively evaluated 47 cases of PMMA cranioplasty in the period from February 2019 to June 2022.

Hepatitis C virus core antigen: A diagnostic and treatment monitoring marker of hepatitis C virus in Indian population.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment monitoring of hepatitis C is quite challenging. The screening test, i.e.

Covid-19-Associated Mucormycosis: Histopathology of the Deadly Fungal Infection.

 Many patients suffered from rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in India. Diabetes is a known risk factor of COVID-19 infection and mucormycosis.  The present study was done to describe the clinical spectrum and histopathological findings of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients and their outcomes.

Assessing Residents in the Department of Surgery at a Tertiary Care Centre Using Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX).

Objective: This study aimed to introduce, sensitize, and train our postgraduate students and faculty of the department of general surgery with the use of mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (mini‑CEX) and to assess the perception of students and faculty towards it.

Material And Methods: A cross‑sectional observational study was conducted over a period of four months. Ten surgery residents in the department were asked to volunteer to participate and five professors conducted the session.

A Case-Control Study Utilizing Red Cell Distribution Width as a Bio-Inflammatory Marker in Pre-eclampsia.

Introduction: This research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of red cell distribution width (RDW) as an indicator for pre-eclampsia (PE), a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure and the presence of protein in the urine occurring beyond the 20th week of pregnancy.

Methodology: The case-control investigation spanned 10 months, following the acquisition of informed consent and the receipt of ethical clearance. The study sample comprised a total of 70 pregnant women, evenly divided into two groups: 35 cases of PE and 35 normotensive pregnant controls.

Hepatic visceral larva migrans: A radiological case report.

Visceral larva migrans (VLM) occurs due to migration of the second stage of larvae of nematodes through human viscera. It is an underdiagnosed entity which commonly affects the liver as eosinophilic abscesses and appears as coalescing, conglomerated cavities on imaging. This case report details the sonographic and CT features of an 8 year old female patient with right upper quadrant pain and peripheral eosinophilia on laboratory reports, diagnosed as a case of VLM on biopsy.

Evaluation of Direct Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing from Positive Flagged Blood Cultures in Sepsis Patients.

Background: Presently, many laboratories are equipped with automated system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for minimum inhibitory concentration-based reporting which enables the clinician to choose the right antimicrobial for timely treatment of sepsis. The study aimed to assess performance of direct AST from blood culture positive broth using automated AST system for accuracy and time taken to release the report.

Materials And Methods: The present study conducted in a 25-bedded ICU in North India for 12 months.

Efficacy of the collapsed cone algorithm calculated radiotherapy plans in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT): A comparative dosimetric study in tumors of thorax.

Aim: In this study, efficacy of collapsed cone algorithm-generated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) were evaluated for treatment of thoracic esophageal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Ten previously treated patients with VMAT were considered for evaluation. The planning parameters were evaluated in terms of max dose, mean dose, Homogeneity Index, Conformity Index for planning target volume, and organ at risk doses.

Panel of serum long non-coding RNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers for gallbladder carcinoma.

Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a common malignancy and is usually diagnosed in the late stages of the disease. The identification of new effective early diagnostic biomarkers could represent an effective approach in reducing mortality in GBC. Altered expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is believed to be associated with the emergence and development of GBC.

Sequential carotid Doppler study in acute stroke and its clinical correlation: A prospective study.

Objectives: Resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) assessed on carotid Doppler assess the hemodynamic status of cranial vasculature. They are related to the severity of stroke and help determine the overall outcome. This study was done to compare the hospital stay and stroke severity with RI and PI of both internal carotid arteries.

Anterior retropharyngeal approach (ARPA) for high cervical spine.

Background: One of the major challenges in operating on the spine lies in taking an anterior approach for the high cervical spine. In patients with a short neck, Klippel-Fiel syndrome or when the C3 vertebra is high in relation to the hyoid bone, it will be difficult to access the C3 body. The transoral route is a highly contaminated zone, and therefore, no instrumentation or grafts can be placed through it.

Perplexing First Branchialcleft Anomalies-A Case Series with Review of Literature.

Incomplete obliteration of the branchial apparatus results in the formation of branchial cleft anomalies. First branchial cleft anomalies may persist anywhere in the first branchial arch, from the external auditory canal at the level of the bony cartilaginous junction to the submandibular triangle. The majority of cases present in childhood as an opening in the skin though they may present as cysts or neck masses, mostly mistaken for neck abscesses which leads to inadequate treatment and complications.

Retrospective analysis of clinical outcome of 100 inoperable oral cavity carcinoma treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy.

Objectives: The management of inoperable oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OC-SCC) is onerous. We aimed to retrospectively analyse the outcome of our cohort of inoperable OC-SCC treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) with or without induction chemotherapy (IC).

Methods: Data of 100 patients (January 2017 to May 2022) of histopathologically proven inoperable OC-SCC treated with definitive CTRT with weekly cisplatin 40 mg/m were retrieved from our departmental archives.

Assessment of Different Indices as Predictors of Difficult Airway in Obese Patients.

Introduction Difficulties with tracheal intubation contribute to the morbidity and mortality associated with anesthesia. Suggested predictors for difficult airway include, history of obstructive sleep apnea, high Mallampati score, elderly, male, short neck, and high Wilson score. However, none of these has high diagnostic accuracy particularly in obese population.

Metastatic Superscan in F PSMA PET/CT of a Patient with Prostate Carcinoma.

A biopsy-proven patient with prostate carcinoma aged 70 years was referred to the department of nuclear medicine for radionuclide-based therapy. His prostate-specific antigen levels were >1000 ng/mL, and prostatic magnetic resonance imaging showed an enlarged prostate with a heterogeneous signal and size 3.8x3.

Post-traumatic lumbar nerve root entrapment into the spinous process of the lumbar spine.

Thoracolumbar fractures constitute a significant portion of spinal trauma, accounting for 15-20% of the cases. These fractures, caused by high-impact injuries, may involve tears of the posterior ligamentous complex, presenting a high chance of neurological injury ranging from dural tears to spinal root avulsion. This case report discusses a rare occurrence of avulsion of lumbosacral nerve roots posteriorly, becoming entrapped in the fractured spinous process of the L2 lumbar vertebra, leading to cauda equina syndrome following trauma and its implications during surgery.

Identification of primary metabolites in fungal species of Trichophyton mentagrophyte and Trichophyton rubrum by NMR spectroscopy.

Background: Superficial mycoses are fungal infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and its appendages. The chief causative agents of these mycoses are dermatophytes and yeasts. The diagnosis of dermatophytosis can be made by direct mycological examination with potassium hydroxide (10%-30%) of biological material obtained from patients with suspected mycosis, providing results more rapid than fungal cultures, which may take days or weeks.

Interactive Quiz-Based Anatomy Teaching for Medical Undergraduate Students.

Background: Anatomy is one of the most volatile subjects and needs the learner to understand and retain a lot of information and terms. It is thus very important to continuously upgrade the methodology from the traditional didactive to interactive teaching to make the student an active learner and engage him in the learning process to categorize and analyze anatomical facts and knowledge.

Aims And Objectives: The study was done to compare the learning outcomes and perception of medical students towards didactic lectures and interactive quiz-based lectures in anatomy.

Utility of "Acanthosis Nigricans" and "Skin Tags" as a screening tool for risk of developing noncommunicable diseases: A cross-sectional study at a health facility in Lucknow (India).

Context: Over the past three decades, there has been a significant rise in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) globally, accompanied by a relative decline in communicable diseases.

Aims: With this background, the research was planned to determine the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) or skin tags (STs) in the study population and to examine the relationship between the presence of AN and ST with commonly used indicators such as waist-to-height ratio (W/Ht.), Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), and body mass index for predicting the risk of NCDs.