Implementing stroke care in a lower-middle-income country: results and recommendations based on an implementation study within the Nepal Stroke Project.

Background: Globally, the majority of strokes affect people residing in lower- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), but translating evidence-based knowledge into clinical practice in regions with limited healthcare resources remains challenging. As an LMIC in South Asia, stroke care has remained a healthcare problem previously unaddressed at a national scale in Nepal. The Nepal Stroke Project (NSP) aims to improve acute stroke care in the tertiary healthcare sector of Nepal.

Factors affecting depression among married adults: a gender-based household cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is a common mental health problem all over the world including Bangladesh. World Health Organization included it in the Mental Health Gap Action Programme as one of its priority conditions. Research on this issue is scanty in Bangladesh.

Two level logistic regression analysis of factors influencing skilled birth attendant during delivery among Bangladeshi mothers: A nationally representative sample.

Background: In order to minimize the maternal and child mortality rate, the presence of skilled birth attendants (SBA) during delivery is essential. By 2022, 4th health, population and nutrition sector programme in Bangladesh aims to increase the percentage of deliveries performed by SBA to 65 percent. The objective of the present study was to determine the rate and associated factors of usage SBA among Bangladeshi mothers during their delivery.

Exposed Distal Tibia Coverage by Reversed Soleus Muscle Flap: Our Experiences.

Unlabelled: Reconstruction of the exposed lower third tibia and ankle region remains a difficult task and a challenge for reconstructive surgeons. Microsurgical flaps have been the method of choice for this reconstruction, but in our hospital, we do not have equipment or a microsurgical-trained team for this type of procedure. Moreover, free muscle flaps have more risk of failure and sometimes the patient's clinical condition does not allow a more complex surgery in some cases.

Complete enucleation of a complicated solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas: A case report.

Introduction: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare pancreatic tumor, usually affecting young females. It is categorized as a low-grade malignant tumor without any specific epithelial differentiation, which can occur anywhere in the pancreas.

Case Presentation: Here, we present the case of a 35-year-old lady who presented to us with abdominal pain and a pancreatic mass.

A Comprehensive Systematic Review of the Latest Management Strategies for Hepatorenal Syndrome: A Complicated Syndrome to Tackle.

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), defined by the extreme manifestation of renal impairment in patients with cirrhosis, is characterized by reduced renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. It is diagnosed with reduced kidney function confirming the absence of intrinsic kidney disease, such as hematuria or proteinuria. HRS is potentially reversible with liver transplantation or vasoconstrictor drugs.

Comparison of fasting and random lipid profiles among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an outpatient-based cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.

Background: Despite the wide acceptability of fasting lipid profiles in practice, emerging evidence suggests that random lipid profiles might be a convenient alternative for lipid measurement. The objective of the present study was to compare the fasting and random lipid profile among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 1543 subjects with T2DM visiting several endocrinology outpatient clinics throughout Bangladesh from January to December 2021.

Coexistence of Primary External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma and Tympanomastoid Paraganglioma: A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Synchronous presentation of cholesteatoma and tympanomastoid paraganglioma is extremely rare. Due to the overlapping clinical features, the clinical diagnosis of coexistence is difficult. Only two cases of tympanomastoid paraganglioma coexisting with middle ear cholesteatoma have been reported in the literature, but simultaneous presentation of primary external auditory canal cholesteatoma and tympanomastoid paraganglioma has not been reported till date.

Evaluating the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG in five different districts of Bangladesh. A seroepidemiological study.

Background: We aimed to measure the seroprevalences and levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in children, unvaccinated and vaccinated adults in five districts of Bangladesh and thus, investigate the association of seroprevalence and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level with respect to different attributes of study participants.

Methods: In the present study, the seroprevalences and levels of plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG were measured in children (n = 202), unvaccinated adults (n = 112), and vaccinated adults (n = 439) using quantitative ELISA.

Results: The overall seroprevalence in the three groups of the study participants were 58.

Facebook addiction and its related factors among medical students; a cross- sectional study in Bangladesh.

There is mounting evidence that Facebook Addiction is associated with poor mental health, physical symptoms, social dysfunction, and despair among the adolescent and youth population. The current study set out to identify the prevalence of Facebook Addiction among Bangladeshi medical students as well as its influencing factors. This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 720 randomly selected medical students from eight public medical colleges from January to June 2022.

Psychosis Induced by Methylphenidate in Children and Young Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed in children of this era. ADHD in children and adults is challenging but highly manageable. Children with ADHD cannot focus, are hyperactive, and appear withdrawn.

Comparison of simplicity, convenience, safety, and cost-effectiveness between use of insulin pen devices and disposable plastic syringes by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study from Bangladesh.

Introduction: Insulin pen devices and disposable plastic insulin syringes are two common tools for insulin administration. This study aims to compare the simplicity, convenience, safety, and cost-effectiveness of insulin pens versus syringe devices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 14 diabetes clinics throughout Bangladesh from November 2021 to April 2022 among adults with T2DM injecting insulin by pen devices or disposable insulin syringes at least once a day for at least one year by purposive sampling.

Anxiety and depressive symptoms among physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: In addition to risking their physical well-being, frontline physicians are enduring significant emotional burden both at work and home during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aims to investigate the levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms and to identify associated factors among Bangladeshi physicians during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods And Design: A cross-sectional study using an online survey following a convenience sampling technique was conducted between April 21 and May 10, 2020.

The Impact of Tezepelumab in Uncontrolled Severe Asthma: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Asthma, a chronic illness, is characterized by inflammation and airway constriction. Uncontrolled severe asthma is related to poor quality of life and increased utilization of health resources. Conventional treatments are associated with a significant amount of adverse effects.

Economic Burden of Severe Hypoglycemia Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Bangladesh is anticipated to have the eighth-highest number of diabetic patients within the next 15 years. Approximately one-fifth of adult diabetes patients reside in Southeast Asian nations. This study aimed to find out the economic burden of extreme hypoglycemia on diabetic sufferers in Bangladesh.

Prevalence of childhood anemia: Potential sociodemographic and dietary factors in Nigeria.

Background: Childhood anemia is a global public health issue. In this study, we assessed the potential sociodemographic and dietary factors associated with the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6-59 months in Nigeria.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we collected dietary information and demographic data on 6,338 children with anemia from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Surveys (2018).

Harlequin ichthyosis: A case report and literature review.

Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder occurring in 1: 3,000,000 birth characterized by thick keratin skin with a scaly appearance. Preterm deliveries, early, and consanguinity of marriage are some risk factors. Antenatal checkup of DNA for ABCA12 mutation helps in diagnosis but ultrasonography in places was not available.

An Unusual Presentation of Left Ventricular Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy in a Female Patient With Sudden Cardiac Arrest: A Case Report.

Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), a kind of cardiomyopathy, is characterized by excessive and prominent trabeculations in the mature left ventricle (LV). LVNC has been defined as the heart's developmental failure to fully form the compact myocardium during the latter stages of cardiac development. Clinical features vary from asymptomatic to symptomatic individuals with gradual loss of heart function, heart failure, thromboembolic events, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death are all possible outcomes.

A Study Linking Axial Length, Corneal Curvature, and Eye Axis With Demographic Characteristics in the Emmetropic Eyes of Bangladeshi People.

Background Axial length (AL) and corneal curvature (CC) are one of the furthest critical parameters for optometry and oculoplastic surgery. These two variables are crucial in biometry for accurately measuring the power of the intraocular lens in cataract surgery. This research aimed to determine the association linking axial length and corneal curvature with demographic characteristics in emmetropic eyes of Bangladeshi people.

Seasonal influenza vaccine uptake among healthcare workers in tertiary care hospitals, Bangladesh: Study protocol for influenza vaccine supply and awareness intervention.

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs), such as doctors, nurses, and support staffs involved in direct or indirect patient care, are at increased risk of influenza virus infections due to occupational exposures. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza. Despite the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, Bangladesh lacks a seasonal influenza vaccination policy for HCWs, and thus vaccination rates remain low.

Fournier's Gangrene: A Coexistence or Consanguinity of SGLT-2 Inhibitor Therapy.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) are a relatively new class of medications used for the management of type II diabetes mellitus targeting the kidneys. Within the last decade, several warnings have been issued regarding the development of severe genitourinary infections, including necrotizing fasciitis, or Fournier's gangrene, in those with pre-existing type II diabetes and concomitant use of this drug class.

Objective: The purpose of this review is to highlight and discuss the factors contributing to the development of Fournier's gangrene, its pathogenesis, and a review of existing literature describing patient outcomes, treatment, and future directions regarding early detection of this complication.

A Survey on Depressive Symptoms and Its Correlates Amongst Physicians in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of depressive symptoms and understand the potential factors associated with these symptoms among physicians in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted in between April 21 and May 10, 2020, among physicians living in Bangladesh. Participants completed a series of demographic questions, COVID-19-related questions, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Adverse events following immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBIBP-CorV vaccine: A comparative study among healthcare professionals of Nepal.

Background: Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) against SARS-CoV-2 are common as reported by clinical trials and contemporary evidence. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the local and systemic adverse events following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBIBP-CorV among the healthcare professionals (HCPs) of Nepal.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 606 vaccinated HCPs of Kathmandu, Nepal.