Systematic review on benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) emissions; health impact assessment; and detection techniques in oil and natural gas operations.

The ONG industry emits VOC such as BTEX, which pose health risks to workers. This study analyzed peer-reviewed research articles to provide BTEX emission profiles from three primary ONG operations and their associated health risks. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews) was used to choose relevant articles for this review paper.

Surface modification unleashes light emitting applications of APbX perovskite nanocrystals.

Engineering the surface of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (MHPNCs) is crucial for optimizing their optical properties, repairing surface defects, enhancing quantum yield, and ensuring long-term stability. These enhancements make surface-engineered MHPNCs ideal for applications in light-emitting devices (LEDs), displays, lasers, and photodetectors, contributing to energy efficiency. This article delves into an introduction to MHPNCs, their structure and types, particularly the ABX type (where A represents monovalent organic/inorganic cations, B represents divalent metal ions mainly Pb metal, and X represents halide ions), synthesis methods, unique optical properties, surface modification techniques using various agents (particularly inorganic molecules/materials, organic molecules, polymers, and biomolecules) to tune optical properties and applications in the aforementioned light-emitting technologies, challenges and opportunities, including advantages and disadvantages of surface-modified APbX MHPNCs, and a summary and future outlook.

Reusable Ni-immobilized MOF Catalyst for Dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles Under Milder Conditions.

Herein, we have demonstrated the design and synthesis of a novel Ni-immobilized MOF as heterogeneous catalyst for the dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles. A series of five and six-member N-heteroarenes bearing one or more heteroatoms were synthesized in up to 98% yield (> 33 examples). Late stage functionalization to the synthesis of b-glucuronides inhibitor, antimalarial drug quinine, and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indomethacin were obtained under milder reactions conditions.

Effect of Size-Controlled Nanofluid on Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, and Rheological Behavior of Cement Slurry for Oil Well Cementing.

The optimal design of cement slurry by balancing various cement additives and cement is critical for effective oil well cementation job. However, given adverse circumstances of application, existing additives may not be sufficient to perform suitably in challenging conditions, leading to premature cement hydration, formation of microcracks, and gas channeling pathways. Thus, this study explores the use of a single-step silica nanofluid (NP size: 5-10, 90-100, and 250-300 nm and concentration: 1, 3, and 5 wt %) as an additive and explores its effect on thickening time, fluid loss, and rheological behavior of class G cement slurry at high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) conditions (135 °C and 3625 psi).

Sialic Acid-Targeted Ru(II)/Ir(III)/Re(I) Complexes for Ferroptosis Induction in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Ferroptosis has been recognized as an iron-based nonapoptotic-regulated cell death process. In the quest of resisting the unyielding vehemence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), herein we have showcased the ferroptosis-inducing heteroleptic [], [], and [] complexes, enabling them to selectively target "sialic acid", an overexpressed cancer cell-surface marker. The open-circuit potential (OCP) measurements in live cancer cells revealed the specific interaction between TNBC and the complexes, whereas control experiments with normal cells did not exhibit such interactions.

Synchrotron induced X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy reveals heavy metal translocation in sludge amended soil-plant systems: assessment of ecological and health risks.

The use of composted sludge from sewage treatment plants as a soil amendment is a common practice of recycling nutrients like organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The sewage generated in larger cities of developing countries is often contaminated with various heavy metals (HMs) that ultimately end up in composted sludge. Thus, using such composted sludge is likely to pose ecological and human health risks.

Mpemba effect in pure spin systems : A universal picture of the role of spatial correlations at initial states.

The quicker freezing of hotter water, than a colder sample, when quenched to a common lower temperature, is referred to as the Mpemba effect (ME). While this counter-intuitive fact remains a surprize since long, efforts have begun to identify similar effect in other systems. We investigate the ME in a rather general context concerning magnetic phase transitions.

Evidence of Lone Pair Crafted Emphanisis in the Ruddlesden-Popper Halide Perovskite CsPbICl.

A hallmark of typical structural transformations is an increase in symmetry upon heating due to entropic favourability. However, local symmetry breaking upon warming is recently evidenced in rare crystalline phases. Termed as emphanisis, the phenomenon implores exploration of fascinating thermodynamic nuances that drive unusual structural evolutions.

Effect of a Natural Surfactant (Fenugreek Seeds) on Emulsification and Mobilization of Paraffins via Pore-Scale Micromodel Experiments.

The surface characteristics of minerals have been crucial in predicting the interactions between chemicals, particularly in chemical flooding. Thus, this paper evaluates the viability of natural surfactants derived from agricultural products for oil recovery studies using a micromodel filled with paraffinic oil. The study investigates the interfacial tension, viscosity, microscopic, dilution, and oil mobilization characteristics of the natural surfactants.

Carbohydrate-Based Reprocessable and Healable Covalent Adaptable Biofoams.

Polymeric foams derived from bio-based resources and capable of self-healing and recycling ability are of great demand to fulfill various applications and address environmental concerns related to accumulation of plastic wastes. In this article, a set of polyester-based covalent adaptable biofoams (CABs) synthesized from carbohydrates and other bio-derived precursors under catalyst free conditions to offer a sustainable alternative to conventional toxic isocyanate-based polyurethane foams is reported. The dynamic β-keto carboxylate linkages present in these biofoams impart self-healing ability and recyclability to these samples.

Graphene Quantum Dots as Hole Extraction and Transfer Layer Empowering Solar Water Splitting of Catalyst-Coupled Zinc Ferrite Nanorods.

Despite the narrow band gap energy, the performance of zinc ferrite (ZnFeO) as a photoharvester for solar-driven water splitting is significantly hindered due to its sluggish charge transfer and severe charge recombination. This work reports the fabrication of a hybrid nanostructured hydrogenated ZnFeO (ZFO) photoanode with enhanced photoelectrochemical water-oxidation activity through coupling N-doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a hole transfer layer and Co-Pi as a catalyst. The GQDs not only reduce the surface-mediated nonradiative electron-hole pair recombination but also induce a built-in interfacial electric field leading to a favorable band alignment at the ZFO/GQDs interface, helping rapid photogenerated hole separation and serving as a conducting hole transfer highway, improve the hole transportation into the Co-Pi catalyst for enhanced water oxidation reaction kinetics.

Progress in the Optimization of Compositional Design and Thermomechanical Processing of Metastable β Ti Alloys for Biomedical Applications.

Over the past few years, significant research and development in the manufacturing industry related to the medical field has been done. The aim has been to improve existing biomaterials and bioimplants by exploring new methods and strategies. Beta titanium alloys, known for their exceptional strength-to-modulus ratio, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and ease of shaping, are expected to play a crucial role in manufacturing the next generation of biomedical equipment.

Surfactant-Assisted Förster Resonance Energy Transfer from a Quantum Dot Complex for Highly Stable White Light Emission.

Herein we report the fabrication of a surfactant modified quantum dot complex (S-QDC, having λ = 485 nm) nanocomposite (composed of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants and a zinc-quinolate complex attached ZnS quantum dot), the donor capability of S-QDC in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) with an acceptor organic molecule (λ = 573 nm), and finally their utilization in the FRET-based white light emission having features near to mid-day sunlight. The Förster distance, energy transfer efficiency, donor-acceptor distance, number of binding sites, and binding constant are evaluated to be 3.48 nm, 85.

Alfvén pulse driven spicule-like jets in the presence of thermal conduction and ion-neutral collision in two-fluid regime.

We present the formation of quasi-periodic cool spicule-like jets in the solar atmosphere using 2.5-D numerical simulation in two-fluid regime (ions+neutrals) under the presence of thermal conduction and ion-neutral collision. The nonlinear, impulsive Alfvénic perturbations at the top of the photosphere trigger field aligned magnetoacoustic perturbations due to ponderomotive force.

Exploring the Complex Dynamics: Examining the Influence of Deviant Personas in Online Gambling.

The widespread use of computers and the Internet has substantially changed the gaming environment during the past ten years. The gambling industry is no longer exclusive to land-based gaming establishments (such as casinos and racetracks). Today, a few keystrokes on a computer are all it takes to access gaming operations.

Single-Atomic Co-N Sites with CrCo Nanoparticles for Metal-Air Battery-Driven Hydrogen Evolution.

Designing highly active and robust earth abundant trifunctional electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion applications remain an enormous challenge. Herein, we report a trifunctional electrocatalyst (CrCo/CoN@CNT-5), synthesized at low calcination temperature (550 °C), which consists of Co-N single atom and CrCo alloy nanoparticles and exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction. The catalyst is able to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm in an alkaline electrolytic cell at a very low cell voltage of ∼1.

Energizing tomorrow: unleashing spirulina's potential in engine performance optimization and emission reduction.

Dwindling of fossil fuels and the global climate change has prompted civilization to look into alternate energy sources. This has led to explore inexhaustible and sustainable resources in the domain of renewable energy. Among all sources renewable energy, biofuel produced from biomass has great prospect for energy security as well as environmental safety over fossil fuels.

Regional and periodic asymmetries in the effect of Russia-Ukraine war on global stock markets.

This study aims to investigate regional and periodic asymmetries in the impact of the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war on global equity markets. Employing the event study methodology, the current study examines global stock market reactions within a 61-day window centred around the event day, i.e.

Recent Advances in Graphene-Enabled Materials for Photovoltaic Applications: A Comprehensive Review.

Graphene's two-dimensional structural arrangement has sparked a revolutionary transformation in the domain of conductive transparent devices, presenting a unique opportunity in the renewable energy sector. This comprehensive Review critically evaluates the most recent advances in graphene production and its employment in solar cells, focusing on dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite devices for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) designs. This comprehensive investigation discovered the following captivating results: graphene integration resulted in a notable 20.

Structural, microstructure, dielectric relaxation, and AC conduction studies of perovskite SrSnO and Ruddlesden-Popper oxide SrSnO.

Here, we report a comparison study on the synthesis and characterization of perovskite SrSnO (SSO) and SrSnO (S2SO). Rietveld refinement studies were performed on both prepared samples and suggest that they crystallized in cubic (SSO) and tetragonal (S2SO) structures. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy studies supported the XRD observations.

Prediction of consumers refill frequency of LPG: A study using explainable machine learning.

Launched in 2016, the PMUY Programme of the Government of India aimed to provide 8 crore LPG connections to women in rural households over four years. After acquiring a new connection, some households appeared uninterested in ordering subsequent subsidized LPG refills, impacting programme's sustainability, and targeting strategy. We propose a prediction model using "Explainable Machine Learning" to anticipate the beneficiaries' refill frequency with a view to improving LPG-refills and social targeting.

Enhanced vermicomposting of rice straw and pressmud with biogas slurry employing Eisenia fetida: Production, characterization, growth, and toxicological risk assessment.

The biogas plant plays a dual role: it directly provides energy and indirectly promotes organic farming through outlet slurry. However, agricultural biomass wastes such as rice straws (RS) and pressmud (PM), which can't be used as fertilizers on their own, were vermicomposted (60 days) with biogas slurry (BS), using earthworm, into four blends: T1, T2, T3 and T4. The characterization, elemental analysis, and toxicological risk assessment of derived vermimanure were carried out using various analytical tools, such as an organic elemental analyzer such as CHNS, FT-IR, FESEM-EDXA, XPS, and ICP-OES.

Cost-effective efficient materials for dye degradation using non-aqueous sol-gel route.

In the present studies, the synthesis of pure ZnO nanoparticles and Mg and S-doped ZnO particles were carried out using a non-aqueous sol-gel method. The synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are characterized using XRD, FESEM, EDX, FTIR, UV-Vis-DRS, XPS, PL, and BET surface area analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to examine the crystallization of ZnO, Mg-ZnO, and S-ZnO samples.