Polyploidy and mTOR signaling: a possible molecular link.

Polyploidy is typically described as the condition wherein a cell or organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes. Occurrence of polyploidy is a naturally occurring phenomenon in the body's development and differentiation processes under normal physiological conditions. However, in pathological conditions, the occurrence of polyploidy is documented in numerous disorders, including cancer, aging and diabetes.

The DNMT3A R882H mutation does not cause dominant negative effects in purified mixed DNMT3A/R882H complexes.

The DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A R882H mutation is observed in 25% of all AML patients. DNMT3A is active as tetramer and the R882H mutation is located in one of the subunit/subunit interfaces. Previous work has reported that formation of mixed wildtype/R882H complexes leads to a strong loss of catalytic activity observed in in vitro DNA methylation assays (Russler-Germain et al.

Amalaki rasayana, a traditional Indian drug enhances cardiac mitochondrial and contractile functions and improves cardiac function in rats with hypertrophy.

We evaluated the cardioprotective effect of Amalaki Rasayana (AR), a rejuvenating Ayurvedic drug prepared from Phyllanthus emblica fruits in the reversal of remodeling changes in pressure overload left ventricular cardiac hypertrophy (LVH) and age-associated cardiac dysfunction in male Wistar rats. Six groups (aging groups) of 3 months old animals were given either AR or ghee and honey (GH) orally; seventh group was untreated. Ascending aorta was constricted using titanium clips in 3 months old rats (N = 24; AC groups) and after 6 months, AR or GH was given for further 12 months to two groups; one group was untreated.

Cloning and biological characterization of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) interferon-gamma.

Interferon-gamma, a major immunomodulatory cytokine, of Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) was characterized at molecular level. Complementary DNA and essential promoter region were cloned and sequenced, and functional recombinant protein was expressed in bacterial system. The cDNA has 97.

Molecular characterization and prokaryotic expression of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Interleukin-6.

The study describes the characterization of Interleukin-6 cDNA and essential promoter sequences of the Indian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and expression of the recombinant IL-6 in Escherichia coli. Buffalo IL-6 shows very high nucleotide level identity of the cDNA (98.7%) and promoter (98%) sequences with the corresponding cattle sequences.

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) interleukin-12: analysis of expression profiles and functional cross-reactivity with bovine system.

Interleukin-12, a heterodimeric pro-inflammatory cytokine, from water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) was analyzed for its for its tissue specific expression and functionality. Concanavalin A stimulated splenocytes displayed an up-regulation of the IL-12 p40 subunit 8-24h post-stimulation, whereas the p35 subunit did not show any quantitative variation at different time intervals. Basal level expressions of both the subunits were observed by RT-PCR in spleen.

Molecular cloning and expression profile analysis of interleukin-10 and interleukin-18 cDNA of Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

The cDNAs encoding the interleukin-10 and interleukin-18 of Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) were cloned and sequenced. A 537 bp IL-10 cDNA fragment and a 623 bp IL-18 cDNA fragment were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from concanavalin A stimulated splenocytes. Sequence analysis of these cytokines revealed high level conservation at nucleic acid and protein level.

Identification, sequence characterization, and analysis of expression profiles of three novel CC chemokines from domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos).

Chemokines are low-molecular weight-chemotactic cytokines, which are involved in lymphocyte trafficking and migration of leucocytes to sites of injury, in immune surveillance and in healing process. They also play a role in pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Three novel CC chemokines were identified from domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) by screening of an enriched cDNA library constructed from mitogen-stimulated splenic mononuclear cells.