Bowel preparation using 2-L split-dose polyethylene glycol regimen plus lubiprostone versus 4-L split-dose polyethylene glycol regimen: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Colonoscopy is a standard procedure for evaluating colon diseases and screening for colorectal cancer, and bowel cleanliness prior to colonoscopy is key. The aim of this study was to compare the bowel cleansing efficacy of low-volume (2 L) split-dose polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus single-dose (24 µg) lubiprostone (LB) and high-volume (4 L) split-dose PEG.

Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo outpatient colonoscopy between December 2019 and June 2021 at Rajavithi Hospital were enrolled and randomized into two groups: 2 L PEG + LB or 4 L PEG.

Skin Microbiota Profiles from Tape Stripping and Skin Biopsy Samples of Patients with Psoriasis Treated with Narrowband Ultraviolet B.

Purpose: Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis involves the dermis, most previous studies collected samples using the swab technique. A recent study examining the microbiomes obtained via both skin biopsies and swabs revealed a significant difference in normal skin. We hypothesized that the microbiome profile of patients with psoriasis from tape stripping and skin biopsy might be different.

Current Evidence Concerning Effects of Ketogenic Diet and Intermittent Fasting in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging globally, while no therapeutic medication has been approved as an effective treatment to date, lifestyle intervention through dietary modification and physical exercise plays a critical role in NAFLD management. In terms of dietary modification, Mediterranean diet is the most studied dietary pattern and is recommended in many guidelines, however, it may not be feasible and affordable for many patients. Recently, a ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting have gained public attention and have been studied in the role of weight management.

Effects of digital devices and online learning on computer vision syndrome in students during the COVID-19 era: an online questionnaire study.

Purpose: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) describes a group of eye and vision-related problems that result from prolonged digital device use. This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of CVS among students during the lockdown resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional, online, questionnaire-based study performed among high school students in Thailand.

Recalcitrant infectious uveoscleritis: A case report of a coinfection by Epstein-Barr virus and Talaromyces marneffei.

Introduction And Importance: In an immunocompromised patient, there has never been a report of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and co-infection. Treatment with intravenous ganciclovir for EBV-associated uveitis has only been explored in a few cases.

Case Presentation: A 47-year-old HIV-positive female presented with scleral nodule and vascularized iris tumor in the left eye.

Transcriptome profiling in psoriasis: NB-UVB treatment-associated transcriptional changes and modulation of autoinflammation in perilesional skin in early-phase disease.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. It is widely treated with phototherapy using narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). The therapeutic mechanisms of NB-UVB, however, remain unclear, particularly in the early phases of the disease.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Traumatic Cardiac Arrests in the Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study.

Objective: Little is known about survival outcomes after traumatic cardiac arrest in Asia, or the association of Utstein factors with survival after traumatic cardiac arrests. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of traumatic cardiac arrests in Asia, and analyze Utstein factors associated with survival.

Methods: Traumatic cardiac arrest patients from 13 countries in the Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study registry from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed.

Diagnostic Ability of Barrett's Index and Presence of Intracranial Fat Prolapse in Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy.

Background: Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is one of the most serious visual loss threats for patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Barrett's index (BI) and intracranial-fat prolapse have been used in diagnosing DON. However, these parameters are rarely used in Southeast Asian populations with a variety of cut-off values.

ISOLATED RETINAL VASCULITIS: Prognostic Factors and Expanding the Role of Immunosuppressive Treatment in Retinal Vasculitis Associated With Positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test.

Purpose: To identify prognostic factors for poor visual outcomes in patients with isolated retinal vasculitis and to elucidate the outcome of immunosuppressive treatment without the use of antituberculosis drugs for patients with retinal vasculitis associated with a positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) test.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients presenting with retinal vasculitis. After the diagnosis of active retinal vasculitis had been confirmed by fluorescein angiography and other possible causes of retinal vasculitis had been excluded, patients were categorized into two groups by their QFT result.

Efficacy of a novel microneedle patch for rejuvenation of the nasolabial fold.

Background: Skin rejuvenation plays a significant role in the esthetic medicine market. Microneedle patches have been developed for a wide range of applications based on the principles of transdermal drug delivery; however, clinical trials of microneedle patches for skin rejuvenation remain limited.

Aims: This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of microneedle patches for improving nasolabial folds.

The predictive performance of current termination-of-resuscitation rules in patients following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Asian countries: A cross-sectional multicentre study.

Background: Termination-of-resuscitation rules (TORRs) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients have been applied in western countries; in Asia, two TORRs were developed and have not been externally validated widely. We aimed to externally validate the TORRs using the registry of Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS).

Methods: PAROS enrolled 66,780 OHCA patients in seven Asian countries from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2012.

Comparison of doses and injection sites of botulinum toxin for chronic anal fissure: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: There are no consensus guidelines on the optimal dose or injection site of botulinum toxin (BT) for chronic anal fissure (CAF). The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate dose and injection site of BT for CAF by comparing healing rate and adverse effects (incontinence and recurrence).

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Scopus were searched from inception through May 31, 2021.

Electronic Cigarettes in Thailand: Behaviour, Rationale, Satisfaction, and Sex Differences.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) use is trending in Thailand. Electronic cigarettes are banned and illegally imported. This study aimed to investigate the behaviour, rationale, and satisfaction of e-cigarettes users and compared them between males and females.

Relationship between maternal serum uric acid level and preeclampsia with or without severe features.

Hyperuricaemia is common in preeclampsia. Its relationship and the utility in predicting of preeclampsia must be evaluated. The objective was to determine the association between maternal serum uric acid level and preeclampsia with or without severe features, including maternal and neonatal outcomes.

The Association Between Environmental and Social Factors and Myopia: A Review of Evidence From COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: To review the association between children's behavioral changes during the restriction due to the pandemic of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the development and progression of myopia.

Design: A literature review.

Method: We looked for relevant studies related to 1) children's behavioral changes from COVID-19 restriction and 2) children's myopia progression during COVID-19 restriction by using the following keywords.

Late Vitreoretinal Complications of Regressed Retinopathy of Prematurity: Retinal Break, Vitreous Hemorrhage, and Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To investigate late vitreoretinal complications and visual outcomes in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with or without prior treatment.

Design: International, multicenter, noncomparative retrospective case series.

Participants: We analyzed 264 eyes of 238 patients from 13 centers worldwide who developed vitreoretinal complications (retinal detachment [RD], vitreous hemorrhage [VH], or retinal break) ≥ 2 years after resolution of acute ROP.

Practical Guidance on Basal Insulin Initiation and Titration in Asia: A Delphi-Based Consensus.

The global health burden of diabetes is on the rise and has affected more than half a billion people worldwide, particularly in Southeast Asia, North Africa, Africa, and the Western Pacific, Middle East, and South and Central America regions of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Despite many new treatments being available for the management of diabetes, glycemic control remains suboptimal in Asia, compared to the rest of the world. Delay in timely insulin initiation and inadequate titration of insulin are regarded to be some of the important reasons for inadequate glycemic control.

Alteration of gut microbiota during narrowband ultraviolet B therapy in psoriasis: A preliminary study.

Gut microbiome dysbiosis is associated with psoriasis development. A relationship between gut microbiota and psoriasis treatment response has been reported. No study has reported the effect of narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) therapy, a standard treatment of psoriasis, on gut microbiota.

Assessing the Risk Factors For Diagnosed Symptomatic Dry Eye Using a Smartphone App: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Dry eye (DE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the ocular surface of the eye that affects millions of people throughout the world. Smartphone use as an effective health care tool has grown exponentially. The "Dry eye or not?" app was created to evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic DE, screen for its occurrence, and provide feedback to users with symptomatic DE throughout Thailand.

Optimal Device and Regimen of Nasal Saline Treatment for Sinonasal Diseases: Systematic Review.

Objective: This review aimed to systematically determine the optimal nasal saline regimen for different types of sinonasal diseases.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Effects of Ketoconazole on the Clinical Recovery in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: Patients with hypercortisolism have been associated with a higher prevalence of the pachychoroid spectrum including central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), which may explain the inconsistency of therapeutic responses of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist because hyperaldosteronism has rarely been detected in patients with CSCR. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of ketoconazole, the first-line cortisol inhibitor, on the resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF) in CSCR and to analyze correlations between choroidal thickness and steroid hormones.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 41 naïve CSCR eyes of 41 patients categorized into control (20 eyes) and treatment (21 eyes) groups.

Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest management and outcomes in a low-resource emergency medical service system: a perspective from Thailand.

Background: The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has been of interest worldwide. However, evidence from low-resource emergency medical service systems is limited. This study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the prehospital management and outcomes of OHCA in Thailand.

The impact of needle size and angle on rubber coring after multiple puncturing of multi-dose propofol vial rubber stoppers.

Background: Multiple puncturing of the rubber stoppers of multi-doses vials can produce a rubber core. Propofol is one of the multi-dose anesthesia frequently used for sedation and induction of general anesthesia, and a previous study reported a high incidence of rubber coring in propofol vials but no study has yet reported the factors that affect rubber coring.

Objective: To investigate the variables which have an impact on rubber core contamination after the puncturing of rubber stoppers of multi-dose propofol vials using various sizes of needles and different angles of piercing.