Comparative Success Rate and Adverse Effects of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy Versus Endoscopic Papillary Large Balloon Dilation in Large Common Bile Duct Stones Removal. A Propensity Scores Inverse Weighting Analysis.

Background/aims: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) is a standard treatment for common bile duct (CBD) stones. Endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EST-EPLBD) is an effective treatment for difficult CBD stones. This study aims to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of EST-EPLBD and EST in treating large CBD stones.

A prevalent caveolin-1 gene rs926198 variant is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Thai population.

This study investigated the associations between CAV1 variants and metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as the influence of CAV1 variants on CAV1 mRNA expression. We genotyped 743 T2DM patients for CAV1 variants. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to adjust for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI), and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Automated Diabetic Retinopathy Image Assessment Software: IDx-DR and RetCAD.

Introduction: Automated diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening using artificial intelligence has the potential to improve access to eye care by enabling large-scale screening. However, little is known about differences in real-world performance between available algorithms. This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of two AI screening platforms, IDx-DR and RetCAD, for detecting referable diabetic retinopathy (RDR).

Surgical Outcomes of Mitomycin-C Augmented Trabeculectomy in Neovascular Glaucoma and Prognostic Factors for Surgical Failure in Thailand.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical outcomes and identify ocular and systemic prognostic factors of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in the eyes of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) in Thailand.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing records of Thai patients with NVG who underwent trabeculectomy with MMC between 2013 and 2022. Criterion failure was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) >21 mmHg or less than a 20% reduction below baseline on two consecutive study visits after 3 months, IOP ≤5 mmHg on two consecutive study visits after 3 months, reoperation for glaucoma, and loss of light perception.

The influence of air pollution on skin microbiome: a link to skin barrier dysfunction.

An equilibrium of skin microbiome is crucial for maintaining skin barrier function. However, external factors such as air pollution have the potential to disrupt this equilibrium. Hence, further investigation into the influence of air pollution on the skin microbiome emerges as a critical imperative.

The added value of serologic testing: A comparison of influenza incidence among pregnant persons based on molecular-based surveillance versus serologic testing.

Background: We examined the added value of serologic testing for estimating influenza virus infection incidence based on illness surveillance with molecular testing versus periodic serologic testing.

Methods: Pregnant persons unvaccinated against influenza at <28 weeks gestation were enrolled before the 2017 and 2018 influenza seasons in Peru and Thailand. Blood specimens were collected at enrollment and ≤14 days postpartum for testing by hemagglutination inhibition assay for antibodies against influenza reference viruses.

Development and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Model for Paclitaxel Hypersensitivity Reaction on the Basis of Real-World Data: Pac-HSR Score.

Purpose: Paclitaxel is effective chemotherapy against various cancers but can cause hypersensitivity reaction (HSR). This study aimed to identify predictors associated with paclitaxel HSR and develop a clinical prediction model to guide clinical decisions.

Methods: Data were collected from the medical records database of Rajavithi Hospital.

Intraoperative Mean Arterial Pressure and Postoperative Delayed Graft Function in Kidney Transplantation: Evaluating Three Commonly Used Thresholds.

Background: Delayed graft function (DGF) is a common early complication after kidney transplantation (KT) and is associated with various long-term adverse outcomes. Despite numerous studies on hemodynamic management, the optimal hemodynamic goals during KT remain unclear. In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate if three mean artery pressure (MAP) thresholds (≤75, 80, and 85 mmHg) that were commonly used in clinical practice were associated with DGF in adult patients undergoing KT.

Validation and efficacy of the Varix Trainer model as a Training device for esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

The Varix Trainer model 1 (VTM1) was created for trainees to safely practice basic endoscope manipulation skills. The VTM1 was tested to see if it could distinguish levels of endoscope manipulation skills (construct validity) and whether training with it could improve these skills faster (content validity). We enrolled 23 novice endoscopists, 18 second-year trainees, and 13 expert endoscopists.

Association Between Admission Systolic Blood Pressure and Outcomes in Patients with Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cross-National Multicenter Cohort Study.

The optimal prehospital blood pressure in patients following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains controversial. We aimed to assess the association between the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at emergency department triage and patient outcomes following isolated moderate-to-severe TBI. We conducted a cross-national multicenter retrospective cohort study using the Pan-Asia Trauma Outcomes Study database from January 1, 2016, to November 30, 2018.

Utilizing Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: The Current Landscape and Challenges.

A large language model (LLM) is an artificial intelligence (AI) model that uses natural language processing (NLP) to understand, interpret, and generate human-like language responses from unstructured text input. Its real-time response capabilities and eloquent dialogue enhance the interactive user experience in human-AI communication like never before. By gathering several sources on the internet, LLM chatbots can interact and respond to a wide range of queries, including problem solving, text summarization, and creating informative notes.

Telemedicine Utilization in Tertiary, Specialized, and Secondary Hospitals in Thailand.

Introduction: COVID-19 has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine for counseling, follow-up examination, and treatment purposes. The official guidelines in Thailand were launched to regulate or frame the protocols for health care professions and teams in different organizations.

Objectives: To explore the trend of telemedicine utilization in selected hospitals in Thailand and to understand the characteristics of patients who used telemedicine from 2020 to 2023.

Integrated Histological and Molecular Analysis of Filarial Species and Associated Wolbachia Endosymbionts in Human Filariasis Cases Presenting Atypically in Thailand.

Atypical presentations of filariasis have posed diagnostic challenges due to the complexity of identifying the causative species and the difficulties in both diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we present the integrative histological and molecular analysis of seven atypical filariasis cases observed in regions of nonendemicity of Thailand. All filariasis cases were initially diagnosed based on histological findings.

Diabetes-specific formula with standard of care improves glycemic control, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes: results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Medical nutrition therapy is important for diabetes management. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a diabetes-specific formula (DSF) on glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Participants ( = 235) were randomized to either DSF with standard of care (SOC) (DSF group;  = 117) or SOC only (control group;  = 118).

Incidence of Urinary Incontinence During the Postpartum Period in Rajavithi Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to study the incidence of urinary incontinence (UI), associated risk factors and quality of life (QOL) in postpartum women.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 406 postpartum women at Rajavithi Hospital and followed up over the phone between June 2020 and September 2021. Inclusion criteria were singleton pregnant women aged 18-45 years, and gestational age ≥ 37 weeks.

LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF USING VARIOUS GRAIN ALLOGRAFT SIZES IN PAPROSKY TYPE 3.

Introduction: Severe acetabular bone defects can pose challenges in revision total hip replacement. The use of structural allografts and various sizes of grain allografts has been proposed as an alternative surgical technique for treating Paprosky type 3 acetabular defects. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes and potential complications associated with this approach.

Insights into Visual Outcomes and Determinants in Pituitary Adenoma Surgery: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term visual outcome and their determinants after an operation in Thai pituitary adenoma (PA).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on PA patients who underwent surgery at Rajavithi Hospital. Baseline characteristics and visual parameters, including visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF), were analyzed in relation to the visual prognosis outcome.