A decade of conservation agriculture in intensive cereal systems: Transitioning to soil resilience and stable yield trends in a climate crisis.

Climate change jeopardizes the food security gains achieved in India since the Green Revolution, especially by impacting the productivity of the rice-wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic Plain, a region that serves as the 'breadbasket' of South Asia. In this study, we characterized the potential of long-term conservation agriculture (CA) based management practices (i.e.

Bile's Hidden Weapon: Modulating the Microbiome and Tumor Microenvironment.

The human gut microbiome is a dynamic and intricate ecosystem, composed of trillions of microorganisms that play a pivotal role in maintaining overall health and well-being. However, the gut microbiome is constantly exposed to various environmental factors, including the bile produced by the liver, which can significantly impact its composition and function. Bile acids, secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, modulate the gut microbiome, influencing its composition and function.

Ethnopharmacological Perspective for Treatment of Epilepsy: An Updated Review.

Plants have been used as healing agents since humanity began. This review presents the plant profiles inhabiting the world regarding their traditional usage by various tribes/ethnic groups for the treatment of epilepsy. The bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing standard reference textbooks, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed databases.

Emerging biophysical techniques for probing synaptic transmission in neurodegenerative disorders.

Plethora of research has shed light on the critical role of synaptic dysfunction in various neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD). Synapses, the fundamental units for neural communication in the brain, are highly vulnerable to pathological conditions and are central to the progression of neurological diseases. The presynaptic terminal, a key component of synapses responsible for neurotransmitter release and synaptic communication, undergoes structural and functional alterations in these disorders.

The role of CD95 in modulating CAR T-cell therapy: Challenges and therapeutic opportunities in oncology.

CAR T cell therapy has revolutionized how we deliver cancer treatment, most notably for hematologic cancers, by compelling T cells to recognize and kill tumor cells. Nevertheless, current obstacles to utilizing this therapy in solid tumors and overcoming cancer resistance include radicalization. This review discusses how CD95 modulation can boost CAR T cell efficacy.

Comparing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Treatment of Non-ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.

Aims: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS).

Methods: A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, covering studies up to June 2024. Studies comparing PCI and CABG in patients with NSTE-ACS were included, focusing on clinical outcomes such as mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), and the need for repeat revascularization.

Advancements in Exosome Proteins for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Detection: With a Focus on Nanotechnology.

Breast cancer, a leading cause of mortality among women, has been recognized as requiring improved diagnostic methods. Exosome proteins, found in small extracellular vesicles, have emerged as a promising solution, reflecting the state of their cell of origin and playing key roles in cancer progression. This review examines their potential in breast cancer diagnosis, discussing advanced isolation and characterization techniques such as ultracentrifugation and microfluidic-based approaches.

Ultra-wideband microstrip folded antenna for wireless LAN, 5G and Internet of Things applications.

This paper presents an ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip antenna with a simple structure operating at 2.2-6 GHz bandwidth. The proposed antenna has been demonstrated for its suitability in UWB and multi-band applications, such as wireless local area network (WLAN), Wi-Fi, 5G, Internet of Things (IoT), etc.

Robust diabetic prediction using ensemble machine learning models with synthetic minority over-sampling technique.

This paper addresses the pressing issue of diabetes, which is a widespread condition affecting a huge population worldwide. As cells become less responsive to insulin or fail to produce it adequately, blood sugar levels rise. This has the potential to cause severe health complications including kidney disease, vision impairment and heart conditions.

Changing the horizon of food frying from the use of liquid oil to semi-solid gel.

Deep fat frying is the most adopted process of producing fried food products; it involves mass and heat transfer to form fried products with good colour, crispiness, flavour, taste, and texture. However, frequent consumption of these products is a concern due to higher oil content that poses threats to human health. Hence, there is a need to find an alternative frying medium for deep fat frying of food products to obtain fried products having lower fat content.

Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering: achievements to date and future directions.

Advancement in medicine and technology has resulted into prevention of countless deaths and increased life span. However, it is important to note that, the modern lifestyle has altered the food habits, witnessed increased life-style stresses and road accidents leading to several health complications and one of the primary victims is the bone health. More often than ever, healthcare professionals encounter cases of massive bone fracture, bone loss and generation of critical sized bone defects.

Online Formative Assessments in Medical Education During COVID-19.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate perception of medical students regarding online mode of assessments and to compare the academic outcomes of various methodologies adopted for online formative assessments.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in the department of biochemistry at the constituent medical college of Health University in India and included 150 first year medical undergraduates of either gender.

Quitting tobacco through quitline services: impact in India.

Tobacco quitline services offer telephone-based counseling to assist tobacco users in quitting through behavioral modification. It is a sponsored scheme by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The present study has two objectives: primarily, to study the correlation between socio-demographic variables and tobacco abuse, and secondly, to study the impact of National Tobacco Quit-Line Services (NTQLS) in India.

Exosome-mediated Transfer of lncRNA in Liver Associated Diseases; Uncovered Truths.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter ranging from 40 to 160 nm. They are produced by hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells in liver tissue. The secretion of exosomes might vary in quantity and composition in reaction to multiple triggers and various stages of disease.

Unveiling the Neurotransmitter Symphony: Dynamic Shifts in Neurotransmitter Levels during Menstruation.

The menstrual cycle is an intricate biological process governed by hormonal changes that affect different facets of a woman's reproductive system. This review provides an overview of neurotransmitter alterations during different menstrual cycle phases and their effects on physiology and psychology. During the follicular phase, rising estrogen levels increase serotonin synthesis, enhancing mood, cognition, and pain tolerance.

Exploring the impact of material selection on the efficacy of hot-melt extrusion.

Hot-melt extrusion (HME) has emerged as a versatile and efficient technique in pharmaceutical formulation development, particularly for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This review delves into the fundamental principles of HME, exploring its application in drug delivery systems. A comprehensive analysis of polymers utilized in HME, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, is presented, highlighting their roles in achieving controlled drug release and improved stability.

Nationwide cross-sectional surveillance of Leishmania donovani in phlebotomine sand flies and its impact on national kala-azar elimination in India.

India is accelerating efforts to eliminate kala-azar by aligning its National Kala-Azar Elimination Program with the World Health Organization's (WHO) roadmap for Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) 2021-2030. Elimination relies on comprehensive vector surveillance and integrated vector management. This study aimed to conduct nationwide entomological surveillance to detect Leishmania donovani in phlebotomine sand flies.

Safety and efficacy of ensifentrine in COPD: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly impacts global health due to persistent airflow limitation and inflammation. Despite standard therapies, symptoms persist. Ensifentrine, targeting both bronchoconstriction and inflammation as a dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor, offers a promising therapeutic advancement for COPD management.