Protective effects of silymarin on preventing vancomycin nephrotoxicity in infectious patients: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial.

Nephrotoxicity is one of the most common complications of vancomycin use in clinical practice. Silymarin has potential to be a renoprotective agent for nephrotoxic drugs due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. The aim of this clinical study is evaluating the potential effects of silymarin on preventing vancomycin nephrotoxicity.

Unilateral Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Disease: Do Patients Benefit From Thromboendarterectomy? Case Series From Three CTEPH Centres.

Background: Unilateral chronic thromboembolism pulmonary disease (CTEPD) is very rare. There is limited information on the safety and efficacy of pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) in this population. This study investigated the effectiveness of PEA in this unique disease.

Pediatric coronary cameral fistula in a structurally normal heart: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Coronary cameral fistulas (CCFs) are rare congenital anomalies characterized by abnormal connections between a coronary artery and one of the cardiac chambers. These abnormal connections can lead to significant clinical implications, including heart failure and myocardial ischemia, necessitating timely diagnosis and intervention.

Case Presentation: A 5-year-old Iranian boy was brought to the emergency room at Heart Hospital Center complaining of chest pain and dyspnea on exertion.

MiR-6721-5p as a natural regulator of Meta-VCL is upregulated in the serum of patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD), the leading cause of mortality globally, arises from atherosclerotic blockage of the coronary arteries. Meta-vinculin (meta-VCL), a large spliced isoform of VCL, co-localizes in muscular adhesive structures and plays significant roles in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. This study aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating expression and investigate the expression alterations of the miRNAs of interest and as potential biomarkers in the serum of CAD patients.

Risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in healthcare professionals of Azar Cohort Study: A cross-sectional Study.

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is considered a worldwide health problem associated with high morbidity, mortality, and cost of care. In the present study, we examined risk-enhancing factors for ASCVD in healthcare workers of the AZAR cohort population.

Methods: Data from a total of 500 participants were used for this cross-sectional study.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions between Food or Herbal Products and Oral Anticoagulants: Evidence Review, Practical Recommendations, and Knowledge Gaps.

Interactions between food and oral anticoagulants (OACs), particularly vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin, are widely recognized and may also be clinically relevant for direct OACs. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions with food or herbs can lead to anticoagulation potentiation, increased risk of bleeding, or reduced drug efficacy, all compromising patient safety. We conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PubMed for assessments of interactions between OACs and various ingestants.

Intrafamilial phenotypic variability due to a missense pathogenic variant in FBP1 gene.

Background: FBPase deficiency as an autosomal recessive disorder is due pathogenic variants in the FBP1 gene. It usually presents with hyperlactic acidemia and hypoglycaemia starting from early childhood. Here, genotypes and phenotypes of all reported patients and their distributions are presented.

Imaging Findings in Cardiovascular Involvements of IgG4 Related Disease: A Systematic Review Study.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory condition characterized by IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration that can affect multiple organs, including the cardiovascular system. The diagnosis of IgG4-RD relies on a combination of clinical, serological, radiological, and pathological findings. However, due to the varied and insidious clinical presentations, normal IgG4 levels in a significant percentage of patients, and frequent multi-organ involvement, imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of IgG4-RD.

Clinical outcomes of transcatheter closure of congenital coronary artery fistula in 28 cases.

Most cases of congenital coronary artery fistula (CAF) resolve spontaneously, symptomatic patients with severe shunting require surgical intervention. Our aim is to evaluate success rate and outcome of CAFs treatment using transcatheter interventional methods.This retrospective study conducted on 28 CAF patients who were referred to Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in Tehran between 2015 and 2020.

The Significance of Right-Sided Precordial ECG Leads (V3R and V4R) in Assessing Right Ventricular Dysfunction: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Right ventricular systolic dysfunction is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality rates. Our objective was to investigate ECG changes in patients with this condition, focusing on the right-sided precordial leads.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with right ventricular dysfunction were included from April 2020 to April 2021.

Patient safety culture in home healthcare centres: protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Patient safety culture is a critical factor in improving the quality of home healthcare and preventing adverse events in patients receiving care in home health centres. However, the concept of patient safety culture in home healthcare centres is not clearly defined, and its dimensions and characteristics are still largely unknown. The aim of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of research on patient safety culture in home healthcare centres, identify related definitions and characteristics, and focus on key factors to fill the existing knowledge gaps.

Burden of aortic aneurysm in Iran from 1990 to 2019: an analysis based on global burden of disease study.

Background: Limited studies have been conducted on the epidemiology of aortic aneurysms in Iran. In this study, the authors aimed to comprehensively evaluate the burden and epidemiology of aortic aneurysms across various age groups, sexes, and provinces in Iran from 1990 to 2019.

Materials And Methods: The authors used global burden of disease (GBD) study data in the current study.

Value of cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) strain parameters in ACM patients to evaluate their diagnostic role. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Of the 146 records, 16 were included.

Rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of hyperkalemia in patients with systolic myocardial failure using a model based on machine learning algorithms.

Background: Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance that if not diagnosed on time may lead to devastating conditions and sudden cardiac death. Blood sampling for potassium level checks is time-consuming and can delay the treatment of severe hyperkalemia on time. So, we propose a non-invasive method for correct and rapid hyperkalemia detection.

PET radiomics-based lymphovascular invasion prediction in lung cancer using multiple segmentation and multi-machine learning algorithms.

The current study aimed to predict lymphovascular invasion (LVI) using multiple machine learning algorithms and multi-segmentation positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, offering new avenues for personalized treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. One hundred and twenty-six patients with NSCLC were enrolled in this study. Various automated and semi-automated PET image segmentation methods were applied, including Local Active Contour (LAC), Fuzzy-C-mean (FCM), K-means (KM), Watershed, Region Growing (RG), and Iterative thresholding (IT) with different percentages of the threshold.

Ultraslow low-dose thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute mechanical prosthetic heart valve thrombosis - A prospective cohort study.

Background: While surgery still remains the gold standard treatment for mechanical prosthetic valve thrombosis (MPVT) by many guidelines, the ultraslow low-dose thrombolytic regimen has been reported as a promising alternative.

Methods: In this prospective single-center cohort, patients with acute MPVT were treated with an ultraslow low-dose thrombolytic regimen consisting of 25 mg infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) over 25 h. The regimen could be repeated in case of failure until resolution/occurrence of adverse events or a maximum cumulative dose of 150 mg.

Macular Optical Coherence Tomography Angiographic Study in Children with a History of Prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: to assess the changes in the macular structure in children with history of prematurity and to find the relationship between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment and macular ultrastructural changes found in optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Methods: a search for identifying relevant studies published in English using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from the date of inception to 21 October 2022 was conducted. Studies were included if their subjects were >5 years and used Optovue device for imaging.

Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function in opium users by strain echocardiography.

Aims: Heart failure is known as a health problem in the world due to its mortality and burdens on the health care system. Studies remain controversial about the effect of opium usage on systolic heart function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare systolic left ventricular function in opium users with non-addict people by strain echocardiography and its association with serum apelin level.

Path analysis model to identify the effect of poor diet quality on NAFLD among Iranian adults from Amol Cohort Study.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is expanding as a global health problem with approximately 25% of the world's population affected by it. Dietary modification is one of the most important strategies for preventing NAFLD. The association between nutrient density and the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI2015) with NAFLD demonstrates that nutrient density is an independent predictor of NAFLD in Iranian adults [fully adjusted model: OR (95% CI): 0.

Percutaneous versus surgical closure of paravalvular leaks in prosthetic valves: A cross-sectional comparison of clinical outcomes.

Background And Aims: Paravalvular leak (PVL) is a serious complication of prosthetic valve replacement. Both surgical and percutaneous closure techniques are used for PVL closure, but optimal strategies and comparative outcomes are uncertain. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of percutaneous versus surgical PVL closure by analyzing changes in leak severity, functional status, echocardiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes.

Combination of FLNC and JUP variants causing arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in an Iranian family with different clinical features.

Background: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) characterized by progressive myocardial loss and replacement with fibro-fatty tissue is a major cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD). In particular, ACM with predominantly left ventricular involvement, known as arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC), has a poor prognosis.

Methods: The proband underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES) to determine the etiology of ALVC.

Unveiling Medical Insights: Advanced Topic Extraction from Scientific Articles.

In the ever-evolving landscape of medical research and healthcare, the abundance of scientific articles presents both a treasure trove of knowledge and a daunting challenge. Researchers, clinicians, and data scientists grapple with vast amounts of unstructured information, seeking to extract meaningful insights that can drive advancements in the biomedical domain including, research trends, patient care, drug discovery, and disease understanding. This paper utilizes the topic extraction algorithms on Breast Cancer Research to shed light on the current trends and the path to follow in this field.