Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program regimens with and without directly observed treatment, short-course: A comparative study of therapeutic cure rate and adverse reactions.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic cure rate and adverse reactions in the regimens of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) with directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) and without DOTS.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients in the DOTS regimen and 50 patients in the non-DOTS regimen were enrolled in the study. All the participants were asked to come regularly for 3 consecutive days for sputum collection, and the sputum samples were examined for acid-fast bacilli.

Modulatory effect of troxerutin on biotransforming enzymes and preneoplasic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rat colon carcinogenesis.

Colon cancer is the third most global oncologic problem faced by medical fraternity. Troxerutin, a flavonoid present in tea, coffee, cereal grains, and a variety of fruits and vegetables, exhibits various pharmacological and biological activities. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of troxerutin on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, colonic bacterial enzymes and the development of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced experimental rat colon carcinogenesis.

Ameliorative effect of polyphenols from Padina boergesenii against ferric nitrilotriacetate induced renal oxidative damage: With inhibition of oxidative hemolysis and in vitro free radicals.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of diethyl ether (DEE) and methanol (M) extracts from brown alga Padina boergesenii using in vitro and in vivo antioxidant assay, which may help to relate the antioxidant properties with the possible outline of its ameliorative effect. M extract showed higher radical scavenging activity through ferric reducing antioxidant power 139.11 µmol tannic acid equivalent/g; DPPH 71.

Combination of carvacrol with methotrexate suppresses Complete Freund's Adjuvant induced synovial inflammation with reduced hepatotoxicity in rats.

The present study evaluated the therapeutic benefit of the combination of carvacrol, an isoprenoid having potential anti-inflammatory action, with methotrexate in suppressing Complete Freund's Adjuvant induced arthritis and attenuating methotrexate induced hepatic damage. Arthritis was induced in rats with Complete Freund's Adjuvant. Animals received methotrexate (2mg/kg) intraperitonealy once a week for 5 weeks alone and along with carvacrol orally (50 and 100mg/kg) respectively from the 10th to the 42nd day.

Penile gangrene and urethrocutaneous fistula following transurethral resection of prostatic carcinoma. A case report.

Channel transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is an accepted treatment for advanced carcinoma of prostate (CaP) to improve quality of life. We are presenting a case of penile gangrene and urethrocutaneous fistula following TURP in a CaP. This is the first case in literature to our knowledge.

Spontaneous perforation of the colon and rectum complicating anorectal malformations in neonates.

Background: Spontaneous perforation of the colon is a rare complication in neonates with anorectal malformations (ARMs). There are no detailed studies concerning this complication.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of hospital records between 1994 and 2010 revealed 8 cases of bowel perforation among 136 cases of ARM.

FT-IR spectral studies on certain human urinary stones in the patients of rural area.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) has been carried out to analyze the organic and inorganic constituent of human urinary stones. Patient's hailing from Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India was selected for the study. The FT-IR results indicate that stones have different composition, i.

Chronic triceps insufficiency managed with extensor carpi radialis longus and palmaris longus tendon grafts.

Chronic triceps insufficiency, causing prolonged disability, occurs due to a missed diagnosis of an acute rupture. We report a 25 year old male with history of a significant fall sustaining multiple injuries. Since then, he had inability in extending his right elbow for which he sought intervention after a year.

Early Complications in Proximal Femoral Nailing Done for Treatment of Subtrochanteric Fractures.

Aim: To analyse the early complications following the use of PFN in subtrochanteric fractures.

Background: Osteosynthesis with PFN in subtrochanteric fracture features the advantages of high rotational stability of the head-neck fragment, an unreamed implantation technique and the possibility of static or dynamic distal locking. However, the use of the nail requires technical expertise and is accompanied by some risks of error which can lead to osteosynthesis failure.

A simple method for predicting survival of pedicled skin flaps before completely raising them.

Background: Pedicled skin and fasciocutaneous flaps are commonly used in plastic surgery. Once such a flap is completely raised on its pedicle it becomes defenceless against any possible necrosis.

Aim: To use a simple method for raising such a flap in a manner that can predict the vascularity better, offering additional protection against necrosis.

Epididymo-orchitis complicating anorectal malformations: collective review of 41 cases.

Purpose: Epididymo-orchitis is a devastating complication of imperforate anus. Without proper treatment the condition may result in infertility. Nevertheless, the exact etiology and optimal management of epididymo-orchitis in anorectal malformation are unknown.

Effects of oral administration of antioxidant taurine on haematological parameters in Wistar rats.

The present study evaluates the effects of oral administration of taurine on haematological parameters in normal wistar rats. Tissue oxidative stress is implicated in pathogenesis of various clinical disorders and antioxidant taurine is emerging as prophylactic and therapeutic agent. However, studies on effects of taurine on normal physiology are not reported in literature.

Effect of myricetin on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality especially in the western world. The incidence of CRC in Asia is now increasing at an alarming rate from the previously negligible levels. The pathogenesis of CRC is a multistep process wherein pre cancer lesions accumulate in the mucosal cells finally resulting in cancer.

Effect of combination of edible oils on blood pressure, lipid profile, lipid peroxidative markers, antioxidant status, and electrolytes in patients with hypertension on nifedipine treatment.

Objective: To determine the effect of combination of edible oils on blood pressure, anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, lipid peroxidative markers, antioxidant status and electrolytes in drug (nifedipine) taking patients with hypertension.

Methods: In this study, patients were separated into 4 groups. Normal (n=14), hypertensive patients (n=38), 38 patients under medication with nifedipine were divided into 2 groups nifedipine control (n=12) and nifedipine + oil combination (sesame + sunflower oil) groups (n=26).

Behavioral analysis after sciatic nerve compression in albino rats.

Background: Walking track analysis which has been widely used to examine the recovery of gait functions in rats with sciatic nerve injury.

Purpose: The present study was aimed to objectively analyze and quantify the degree of functional recovery in locomotor behavior of rats after inflicting sciatic nerve crush injury.

Methods: Wistar rats trained on various runways, viz.

Leprosy therapy, past and present: can we hope to eliminate it?

Leprosy remains an important problem globally. Timely detection of new cases and prompt treatment with MDT continue to be the main intervention strategies. We review the various issues related to classification, treatment, drug resistance and the possible steps to eliminate the disease in the near future.

Effect of kaempferol on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colorectal carcinoma in rats.

Colorectal cancer, a common cause of cancer related deaths in both sexes in western population is often due to persistent oxidative stress leading to DNA damage. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals and inhibit neoplastic process. Kaempferol, a flavonol widely distributed in tea, broccoli, grape fruit, brussels sprouts and apple, is claimed to have chemopreventive action in colon cancer.

Pediatric laparoscopy: Facts and factitious claims.

Background: Pediatric laparoscopy (LS) is claimed to be superior to open surgery (OS). This review questions the scientific veracity of this assertion by systematic analysis of published evidences comparing LS versus OS in infants and children.

Materials And Methods: Search of PubMed data base and the available literature on pediatric LS is analyzed.

Genistein improves liver function and attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a rat model of insulin resistance.

Background: The high fructose-fed rat is widely used as a model of insulin resistance. Genistein, a soy isoflavone, has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in this model. The present study investigated whether genistein could prevent fatty liver disease in this model.

Anticandidal Activity of Asparagus racemosus.

The in vitro anticandidal activity of Asparagus racemosus roots and tubers extract was investigated against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida guillermondii, Candida parapsilosis and Candida stellatoida, which are isolated from vaginal thrush patients. The extract of Asparagus racemosus showed high degree of activity against all the Candida strains. The inhibitory effect of the extract against all the Candida tested was found comparable with that of standard antibiotics used.

Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial agents of the upper respiratory tract in South Indian population.

The study was aimed at determining bacterial agents of the upper respiratory tract and the susceptibility patterns of isolates to antibiotics. The throat swab samples from 250 patients suspected of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) were obtained from the General Medicine outpatient department of a Rural Health Centre of Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital (RMMC and H), Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India and inoculated in the culture medium. The bacterial infection was confirmed only in 228 patients.