Dengue-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Is an Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Variant Rather than a Mimic: Evidence From a Systematic Review.

Background: Bilateral hemorrhagic thalamic lesions in dengue encephalitis resemble lesions seen in acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). We investigate whether dengue-associated ANE (DANE) should be considered an ANE variant or a mimic.

Methods: Systematic review of dengue encephalitis literature from PubMed and SCOPUS (inception to December 31, 2022).

HLA DQA1*05 and risk of anti-TNF treatment failure and anti-drug antibody development in children with Crohn's Disease: HLA DQA1*05 and Pediatric Crohn's Disease.

Objectives: HLA DQA1*05 has been associated with the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) to tumor necrosis factor antagonists (anti-TNF) and treatment failure among adults with Crohn's disease (CD). However, findings from other studies have been inconsistent with limited pediatric data.

Methods: We analyzed banked serum from patients with CD < 21 years of age enrolled in COMBINE, a multi-center, prospective randomized trial of anti-TNF monotherapy vs.

miR-326 overexpression inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth and proteasome activity by targeting PNO1: unveiling a novel therapeutic intervention strategy.

Proteasome inhibition emerges as a promising strategy for cancer prevention. PNO1, pivotal for colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, is involved in proteasome assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hence, we aimed to explore the role of PNO1 in proteasome assembly and its up- and down-streams in CRC.

Validity and reliability of Brier scoring for assessment of probabilistic diagnostic reasoning.

Objectives: Educators need tools for the assessment of clinical reasoning that reflect the ambiguity of real-world practice and measure learners' ability to determine diagnostic likelihood. In this study, the authors describe the use of the Brier score to assess and provide feedback on the quality of probabilistic diagnostic reasoning.

Methods: The authors describe a novel format called Diagnostic Forecasting (DxF), in which participants read a brief clinical case and assign a probability to each item on a differential diagnosis, order tests and select a final diagnosis.

An international survey on retinopathy of prematurity practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and lessons for future management.

Purpose: To assess retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) practice patterns during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A survey on ROP practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic was sent to the American Academy of Ophthalmic Executives, the International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council members, and to various national societies on May 19, 2020. The survey closed on the 31st of June 2020.

Collaboration between registered dietitians and gastroenterologists in cystic fibrosis care: Results of an international cross-sectional survey.

Background: Collaboration between registered dietitians and gastroenterologists has not been evaluated in cystic fibrosis (CF). We surveyed registered dietitians and gastroenterologists regarding the current participation of gastroenterologists in CF centers and identified possible areas to enhance partnership between the two disciplines.

Methods: An anonymous online survey was distributed targeting registered dietitians and gastroenterologists involved in CF care through three international listservs (CF Nutrition, CF DIGEST, and PEDGI) over a 6-week period.

Diagnostic stewardship for blood cultures in the pediatric intensive care unit: lessons in implementation from the BrighT STAR Collaborative.

Objective: BrighT STAR was a diagnostic stewardship collaborative of 14 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) across the United States designed to standardize and reduce unnecessary blood cultures and study the impact on patient outcomes and broad-spectrum antibiotic use. We now examine the implementation process in detail to understand how sites facilitated this diagnostic stewardship program in their PICUs.

Design: A multi-center electronic survey of the 14 BrighT STAR sites, based on qualitative data about the implementation process collected during the primary phase of BrighT STAR.

Gastrodin Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Myocardial Apoptosis via Inhibition of the PRDX2/p53 Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro.

Gastrodin, a highly potent compound found in the traditional Chinese medicine Blume, exhibits significant antihypertensive properties. However, its role and the mechanism behind its protective effects on hypertensive cardiac conditions are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the cardiac protective effects and underlying mechanisms of gastrodin in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive models, both in vivo and in vitro.

A surface-functionalized whole blood-based dielectric microsensor for assessment of clot firmness in a fibrinolytic environment.

Accurate assessment of fibrin clot stability can predict bleeding risk in coagulopathic conditions such as thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia. Hyperfibrinolysis - a clinical phenotype characterized by an accelerated breakdown of the fibrin clot - makes such assessments challenging by obfuscating the effect of hemostatic components including platelets or fibrinogen on clot stability. In this work, we present a biofunctionalized, microfluidic, label-free, electronic biosensor to elicit unique, specific, and differential responses from the multifactorial processes of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis ex vivo.

Outpatient Management of Fever and Neutropenia in Low-risk Children with Solid Tumors: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background: Management of febrile neutropenia in pediatric oncology usually requires inpatient parenteral antibiotics after initial evaluation, but some patients at lower risk of sepsis could be safely managed outpatient. We describe a quality improvement project to increase outpatient management of fever and neutropenia.

Methods: We designed a standardized algorithm for children with a solid tumor diagnosis and low risk for bacteremia.

Expanding the horizon of continuous glucose monitoring into the future of pediatric medicine.

Glucose monitoring has rapidly evolved with the development of minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using interstitial fluid. It is recommended as standard of care in the ambulatory setting, nearly replacing capillary glucose testing in those with access to CGM. The newest CGM devices continue to be smaller and more accurate, and integration with automated insulin delivery systems has further revolutionized the management of diabetes, leading to successful improvements in care and quality of life.

Bedsharing sleep characteristics in children with mild sleep-disordered breathing.

Study Objectives: Examine sleep patterns in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) who habitually bedshare.

Methods: We evaluated associations of bedsharing with parent-reported (n=457) and actigraphy-based (n=258) sleep patterns in a diverse child sample (mean age 6.6±2.

Psychosocial outcomes with the Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in caregivers of very young children with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have demonstrated improved glycaemic outcomes in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet limited data exist on these systems in very young children and their impact on caregivers. We evaluated psychosocial outcomes following use of the tubeless Omnipod® 5 AID System in caregivers of very young children.

Materials And Methods: This 3-month single-arm, multicentre, pivotal clinical trial enrolled 80 children aged 2.