Mental Manifestations and Biomarkers of Alcohol Consumption.

The purpose of this study is to examine healthcare usage, morbidities, and alcohol consumption monitoring in patients before a diagnosis of mental manifestations to assist in the early identification of individuals at risk. Biological markers of alcoholism are separated into two groups: those biological variables that highlight with great confidence and validate the presence of a predisposition to alcoholism, also called trait markers, or those that highlight alcohol consumption, called markers of alcoholism ("status markers"). Biomarkers are the true "gold standard" for the diagnosis of alcoholism.

Enhancing Radiation Safety Culture: Investigating the Mediating Role of Awareness Among Orthopedic Doctors and Operation Theatre Assistants.

Introduction: The increasing use of minimally invasive orthopedic procedures has led to a greater reliance on fluoroscopy, resulting in elevated radiation exposure for surgeons. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and daily practices of orthopedic surgeons regarding radiation safety in an academic hospital. Understanding radiation safety is crucial to minimize patient exposure and prevent adverse effects on surgeons.

Effects of body mass index on propofol-induced cardiovascular depression in the Pakistani population.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the patient's Body Mass Index (BMI) and the cardiovascular effects produced by propofol at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg in the Pakistani population.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi from August 2021 to January 2022.

Comparison of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance, and gait performance of older adults: A single blind randomized control trial.

Objectives: To compare the effects of exergaming and vestibular training on gaze stability, balance and gait performance of older adults.

Methods: The single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted from August to October 2020 at the Doctor Raza Clinic, Swabi, Pakistan, and comprised individuals of both genders aged 60-75 years. The subjects were randomised into two groups using the sealed envelope method.

Structured Long Interview and Clinical Examination (SLICE) as Formative Assessment Tool in Clinical Clerkship: Medical Students Perspective.

Objective: To evaluate medical students' views about undertaking structured long interview and clinical examination as a formative assessment.

Methods: The qualitative, exploratory study was conducted from February to July 2019 at the Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised final year medical students having undertaken formative assessment through structured long interview and clinical examination during their clerkship rotation in Paediatrics, General Medicine, General Surgery and Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Four sets of focus group discussions were conducted according to the relevant clerkship module.

The effects of a static exercise programme versus Swiss ball training for core muscles of the lower back and pelvic region in patients with low back pain after child delivery. A single blind randomized control trial.

Objective: To determine the effects of static exercise programme compared to Swiss ball training for core muscles of the lower back and pelvic region in patients with low back pain after child delivery.

Methods: The prospective single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted at Rehabilitation department of Pakistan Railway General Hospital Rawalpindi from March to December 2018, and comprised patients with low back pain after delivery who were randomised into 2 equal groups. The subjects in Group A received static core exercises, while those in Group B got Swiss ball training.

Depression in Chronically ill Patients of Railway General Hospital, Pakistan.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), chronic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide and estimated to contribute to 73% of all deaths by 2020. In addition to the difficulty in effectively managing chronic diseases, they are often complicated further by the co-morbid depression stemming from the original disease. Depression has the highest burden of disease affecting more than 264 million people worldwide and worsens the burden of co-existing chronic medical diseases as well.

Isolated Dissections of Superior Mesenteric and Celiac Arteries Associated With Aortic Ectasia.

Arterial dissection is defined as a tear in the inner lining of arteries, leading to the passage of blood between the layers and resulting in a false lumen. Arterial dissection involving the aorta is commonly seen in clinical practice; however, dissections involving the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries are quite rare. Even rare are isolated multiple visceral arterial dissections.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of basic life support among physical therapy practitioners in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.

Objective: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of basic life support among physical therapy practitioners.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, from February to July 2018, and comprised data collected from physical therapy practitioners working at four public-sector hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. A 30-item structured questionnaire adapted from the American Heart Association was used.

Factors associated with sleep deprivation and their impact on academic performance of hostelites of twin cities of Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with sleep deprivation and their impact on academic performance of students living in a hostel setting.

Methods: It was a correlational study conducted from January to June, 2018 in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised university students of either sex aged 18-25 years who were studying at different universities of the twin cities. A semi-structured questionnaire was used along with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to collect data which was analysed using SPSS 21.

Effects of eccentric muscle energy technique versus static stretching exercises in the management of cervical dysfunction in upper cross syndrome: a randomized control trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of eccentric muscle energy technique versus static stretching exercises combined with cervical segmental mobilisation in the management of upper cross syndrome in patients having neck pain.

Methods: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Khan Kinetic Treatment Canada Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Centre, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from August 2017 to January 2018, and comprised patients of upper cross syndrome who were randomized into two equal groups using lottery method. Patients in Group-A were treated with eccentric muscle energy technique with cervical segmental mobilisation, while those in Group-B received static stretching exercises with cervical segmental mobilisation.

Frequency of mirror movements and comparison of hand function in spastic cerebral palsy children with and without mirror movements.

Objective: To assess the frequency of mirror movements in spastic cerebral palsy children and to compare hand function and functional independence of such children with and without mirror movements. .

Methods: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in special education schools of Lahore and Islamabad from August 2017 to January 2018, and comprised children of either gender aged 5-18 years diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy who were able to make a gross grip.

Adjuvant Hysterectomy in Patients With Residual Disease After Radiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of hysterectomy in the control of pelvic disease in patients with post-irradiated residual cervical cancer.

Patients And Methods: Forty patients were treated at either National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) or Delta Cancer Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIB to IIIB disease with residual disease after the following: either concurrent chemoradiation with or without brachytherapy, induction chemotherapy and external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with or without brachytherapy, or only EBRT. Patients were treated by either radical hysterectomy or extrafascial hysterectomy.

Effect of circuit gait training vs traditional gait training on mobility performance in stroke.

Objective of the study was to determine the effect of circuit gait training versus traditional gait training on mobility performance and quality of life in sub-acute and chronic stroke patients. A randomized control trial was conducted and stroke patients of either gender having 2-4 score on Rankin Modified Scale and able to stand 10 seconds were included in study. A total of 32 individuals were randomly assigned into two groups.

[Association between insulin resistance and cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Objective: To study the association between cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphism and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: CETP-TaqIB gene was genotyped with polymerase chain reaction-restriction enzyme fragment polymorphism analysis in 108 patients with type 2 diabetes and in 60 normal controls. Plasma lipids, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity index and insulin resistance index were determined in 108 patients with type 2 diabetes.

[Serological characteristics of a hepatitis E outbreak].

Objective: To look into the serological characteristics of a hepatitis E outbreak.

Methods: Sera from the first five patients with acute icteric hepatitis who developed the disease successively within ten days and the 1,675 employees routinely having their lunch in a dining hall of a department (outbreak population) were examined for anti.HEV IgM and IgG at 26th days after the outbreak, and the 883 employees of a neighboring department not having their lunch in the hall were selected as control (control population).

[Study on the mitochondrion DNA mutation in tumor tissues of gynecologic oncology patients].

Objective: To investigate the mitochondrion DNA (mtDNA) mutation in tumor tissues of gynecologic oncology patients and their relationship to tumorigenesis and tumor development.

Methods: The samples of tumor tissue and their proximal normal tissue of 32 gynecological malignant tumor patients as well as 8 gynecological benign tumor patients were taken. The malignants were 5 squamous cervical carcinomas, 10 endometrial carcinomas and 17 epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC).

[Laryngostroboscopy in the monitoring of precancerous lesion of vocal cord and in canceration tracing].

Objective: To evaluate the value of laryngostroboscopy in the monitoring of precancerous lesion of vocal cord and in the canceration tracing.

Methods: Fifty-two cases of precancerous lesion of vocal cord were examined under Laryngostroboscope. The modifications of mucosal wave and amplitude of vocal cord vibration were observed.

[Analysis of vertical partial laryngectomy for carcinoma of the larynx].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of vertical partial laryngectomy in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma.

Method: 50 patients who underwent vertical partial laryngectomy from 1979 to 1997 were retrospectively reviewed. The reconstruction methods for the laryngeal defect were the pedicle muscular flap, skin graft, cervical skin flap, hypopharyngeal mucous membrane flap and outer perichondrium of the thyroid cartilage etc.

[Protective and rescue effects of transgenic bFGF/GFP expression mediated by cationic liposome on gentamicin-induced guinea pig cochlear toxicity].

Objective: To observe the expression of cationic stearylamine (SA) liposome mediated basic fibroblast growth factor/green fluorescence protein (bFGF/GFP) gene in the cochlea of guinea pig, and evaluate the protection and rescue action of bFGF against the damage caused by gentamicin.

Methods: Thirty-six guinea pigs were divided into 3 experimental groups. Prevention group with inoculation of SA-bFGF/GFP complexes through the round window of right ear and injection of gentamicin 150 mg.

[Expression and significance of MMP2 and type IV collagen in gastric cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the expression of MMP(2), type IV collagen, and invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Methods: The expression of MMP(2) and Type IV collagen was observed by using immunohistochemistry technique.

Results: The MMP(2) expression clearly appeared in the poor-differentiated adenocarcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma (85.

[Experiment study of guiding bone tissue regeneration by frozen homologous periosteum].

Objective: Explores the feasibility of guiding bone tissue regeneration by frozen homologous periosteum.

Methods: Rabbit's cranial periosteum was taken and refrigerated. In thirty-one white Japanese big ear rabbits, defects of the mandible were created.