51 results match your criteria: "Radiological Sciences and Public Health. University of Brescia[Affiliation]"

Objectives: A combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is employed in the curative and postoperative treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancers (HNC). Integrated chemoradiation (CRT) treatments result in a non-negligible rate of severe toxic effects. Treatment-related death (TRD) is a crucial topic for physicians involved in the curative treatment of HNC.

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Forensic Microbiology: When, Where and How.

Microorganisms

May 2024

Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi Paediatric Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Forensic microbiology is a relatively new discipline, born in part thanks to the development of advanced methodologies for the detection, identification and characterization of microorganisms, and also in relation to the growing impact of infectious diseases of iatrogenic origin. Indeed, the increased application of medical practices, such as transplants, which require immunosuppressive treatments, and the growing demand for prosthetic installations, associated with an increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance, have led to a rise in the number of infections of iatrogenic origin, which entails important medico-legal issues. On the other hand, the possibility of detecting minimal amounts of microorganisms, even in the form of residual traces (e.

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Estimation of Right Atrial Pressure by Ultrasound-Assessed Jugular Vein Distensibility in Patients With Heart Failure.

Circ Heart Fail

February 2024

De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy (E.A., P.G., L.D., G.M., A.V., F. Macera, D.B., L.O., F. Musca, E.P., A.M., F.O., A.G.).

Background: Clinical evaluation of central venous pressure is difficult, depends on experience, and is often inaccurate in patients with chronic advanced heart failure. We assessed the ultrasound-assessed internal jugular vein (JV) distensibility by ultrasound as a noninvasive tool to identify patients with normal right atrial pressure (RAP ≤7 mm Hg) in this population.

Methods: We measured JV distensibility as the Valsalva-to-rest ratio of the vein diameter in a calibration cohort (N=100) and a validation cohort (N=101) of consecutive patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction who underwent pulmonary artery catheterization for advanced heart failure therapies workup.

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Background And Aims: Although glycemic status is associated with impaired cardiac structure and function, less is known on left atrial (LA) function across the glycemic spectrum. We evaluated the association of diabetes and glycemic control with LA function in a community-based cohort of older adults.

Methods And Results: This cross-sectional analysis included 5075 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (mean age 75.

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Immunotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The Earlier the Better.

JAMA

November 2023

State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.

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Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma: a GRADE approach for evidence evaluation and recommendations by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology.

ESMO Open

December 2023

Oncologia Medica 2, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa; Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address:

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of cancer, with a high impact on the public health burden and social costs. Despite the overall prognosis for patients with BCC being excellent, if lesions are allowed to progress, or in a small subset of cases harboring an intrinsically aggressive biological behavior, it can result in local spread and significant morbidity, and conventional treatments (surgery and radiotherapy) may be challenging. When a BCC is not amenable to either surgery or radiotherapy with a reasonable curative intent, or when metastatic spread occurs, systemic treatments with Hedgehog inhibitors are available.

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Revisiting the concept of neoadjuvant and induction therapy in head and neck cancer with the advent of immunotherapy.

Cancer Treat Rev

December 2023

Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, MI, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

The treatment of locally advanced (LA) Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is based on surgery followed by (chemo)radiation or on curative (chemo)radiation, depending on site and stage. Despite optimal locoregional treatment, about 50% of patients recur, with a huge impact on prognosis and substantial morbidity. The advent of immunotherapy (IT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) changed the paradigm of systemic treatment for recurrent/metastatic (RM) disease, showing activity, efficacy, and safety in both platinum-resistant and platinum-naïve patients.

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Long-term strategies for management of advanced basal cell carcinoma with hedgehog inhibitors.

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol

September 2023

UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy and Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common type of skin cancer, is characterized by aberrant activation of the hedgehog molecular pathway. Systemic therapy is indicated when local approaches, such as surgery and radiation, are inappropriate. In this article, a group of clinical experts recommends the long-term management strategy for advanced BCC patients treated with systemic therapy.

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Linguistic and content validation of the translated and culturally adapted patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA).

Clin Nutr ESPEN

June 2023

Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Department Physiotherapy and Human Anatomy, Research Unit Experimental Anatomy, Belgium.

Unlabelled: The Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is an instrument to screen, assess and monitor malnutrition and risk factors, and to triage for interventions. After having translated and culturally adapted the original PG-SGA for the Italian setting, according to International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Principles, we tested linguistic validity, i.e.

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In 2015, the Italian Society of Cardiology and its Working Group on Telemedicine and Informatics issued a position paper on Telecardiology, resuming the most eminent evidence supporting the use of information and communication technology in principal areas of cardiovascular care, ranked by level of evidence. More than 5 years later and after the global shock inflicted by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an update on the topic is warranted. Recent evidence and studies on principal areas of cardiovascular disease will be therefore reported and discussed, with particular focus on telemedicine for cardiovascular care in the COVID-19 context.

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Purpose: The present study examined the longitudinal trajectories, through hierarchical modeling, of quality of life among patients with head and neck cancer, specifically symptoms burden, during radiotherapy, and in the follow-up period (1, 3, 6, and 12 months after completion of radiotherapy), through the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Head and Neck questionnaire, formed by three factors.

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ESMO-EURACAN Clinical Practice Guideline update for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: adjuvant therapy and first-line treatment of recurrent/metastatic disease.

Ann Oncol

March 2023

Institut Roi Albert II, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels; Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale (POLE MIRO), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

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Left Heart Disease Phenotype in Elderly Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Insights from the Italian PATRIARCA Registry.

J Clin Med

November 2022

Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Cardiac, Vascular, and Thoracic Department, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in the elderly is often associated with left heart disease (LHD), prompting concerns about the use of pulmonary vasodilators. The PATRIARCA registry enrolled ≥70 year-old PAH or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients at 11 Italian centers from 1 December 2019 through 15 September 2022. After excluding those with CTEPH, post-capillary PH at the diagnostic right heart catheterization (RHC), and/or incomplete data, 23 (33%) of a total of 69 subjects met the criteria proposed in the AMBITION trial to suspect LHD.

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Despite the progress of surgery, radiotherapy, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the prognosis for advanced sinonasal cancers (SNCs) remains poor. In the era of precision medicine, more research has been conducted on the molecular pathways and recurrent mutations of SNCs, with the aim of understanding carcinogenesis, helping with diagnosis, identifying prognostic factors, and finding potentially targetable mutations. In the treatment of SNC, immunotherapy is rarely used, and no targeted therapies have been approved, partly because these tumors are usually excluded from major clinical trials.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) large-scale production is a crucial point for the translation of EVs from discovery to application of EV-based products. In October 2021, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), along with support by the FET-OPEN projects, "The Extracellular Vesicle Foundry" (evFOUNDRY) and "Extracellular vesicles from a natural source for tailor-made nanomaterials" (VES4US), organized a workshop entitled "massivEVs" to discuss the potential challenges for translation of EV-based products. This report gives an overview of the topics discussed during "massivEVs", the most important points raised, and the points of consensus reached after discussion among academia and industry representatives.

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Comparison of different treatments for HPV+ oropharyngeal carcinoma: a network meta-analysis.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

March 2023

Oncology Unit, Medical Sciences Department, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Piazzale Ospedale 1, 24047, Treviglio, BG, Italy.

Introduction: Treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is rapidly evolving. Despite either surgery or radiotherapy (RT), with or without chemotherapy (CT), being acceptable in intermediate and locally advanced diseases, there is uncertainty regarding the best treatment option for these patients. Therefore, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the relative efficacy of different treatments for HPV+ oropharyngeal carcinoma.

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To assess the evidence on SARS-CoV2 infection and Covid-19 in relation to deficiency and supplementation of vitamin D, we conducted a systematic review up to April 2021. We summarised data from 38 eligible studies, which presented risk estimates for at least one endpoint, including two RCT and 27 cohort-studies: 205565 patients with information on 25OHD status and 2022 taking vitamin D supplementation with a total of 1197 admitted to the ICU or who needed invasive mechanical ventilation or intubation and hospital stay, and more than 910 Covid-19 deaths. Primary outcomes were severity and mortality and the main aim was to evaluate the association with vitamin D supplementation.

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Background: Limited data exist to characterize novel measures of left atrial (LA) structure and function in older adults without prevalent heart failure (HF).

Objectives: The aim was to assess reference range of LA measures, their associations with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic-peptide (NT-proBNP) and the related risk for incident HF or death.

Methods: We analyzed LA structure (LA maximal [LAViMax] and minimal volume indexed by body surface area) and function (LA emptying fraction, LA reservoir, conduit, and contraction strain) in 4,901 participants from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study (mean age 75 ± 5 years, 40% male, and 19% Black) without prevalent HF.

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Background Whether cardiac structure and function abnormalities associated with dysglycemia are sufficient to explain the increased risk of death or heart failure (HF) remains unclear. Methods and Results We analyzed 6059 participants (mean age, 75±5 years; 58% women; and 22% Black individuals) who attended the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study visit 5 examination (2011-2013). Participants were categorized as no diabetes, pre-diabetes, and diabetes (on the basis of medical history and glycated hemoglobin values).

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Immunotherapy for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Results and Perspectives.

Front Oncol

January 2022

Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health University of Brescia, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST)-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.

Although initial surgical excision cures 95% of patients, a minority of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) are judged to be unresectable, either locally advanced or with unresectable regional lymph nodes or distant metastases. These patients are offered systemic treatments. Response rate to chemotherapy is relatively low and not durable, as well as the results obtained with epidermal growth factor inhibitors (EGFRi).

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Article Synopsis
  • Black Americans have more risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) but actually experience lower AF risk compared to White Americans, potentially due to racial differences in heart health indicators.
  • A study involving over 2,000 participants found that Black individuals had higher cardiovascular risks, larger left atrial (LA) size, and lower LA function, but significantly fewer episodes of atrial tachycardia (AT) compared to White individuals.
  • The research indicates that variations in LA size and function do not explain the observed lower AF risk in Black participants, suggesting that further studies are needed to understand the reasons behind their relative resilience to atrial arrhythmias.
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Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has an aggressive but variable clinical course. Prognostic stratification based on the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours stage and Ki67 index is limited. We aimed to demonstrate the prognostic role of a points-based score (S-GRAS) in a large cohort of patients with ACC.

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A New Insight in Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The Potential Role of the Internal Jugular Veins.

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg

July 2022

Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Background:  Causes of the nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (na-SAH) are still debated. Many studies confirmed the possible involvement of the intracranial venous system, in particular variants of the basal vein of Rosenthal.

Study Object:  The aim of this study is to investigate the role of extracranial venous system, in particular the jugular drainage, in the na-SAH pathophysiology.

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