Assessment of axonal injury in multiple sclerosis: combined analysis of serum light-chain neurofilaments and diffusion tensor imaging.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory condition characterised by demyelination and axonal damage in the central nervous system. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) enables non-invasive investigation of microstructural white matter alterations, while serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) holds promise as a fluid biomarker of axonal injury.

Objectives: To use DTI and serum NFL measurements to evaluate white matter pathology in patients with MS and explore the relationship between in vivo imaging and biochemical indicators of axonal damage.

White-matter alterations in dysthyroid optic neuropathy: a diffusion kurtosis imaging study using tract-based spatial statistics.

Purpose: So far, there is no gold standard to diagnosis dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) has the potential to provide imaging biomarkers for the timely and accurate diagnosis of DON. This study aimed to explore the white matter (WM) alterations in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients with and without DON using DKI with tract-based spatial statistics method.

A case-control study of peripapillary microvascular structure by OCT-angiography in non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy at early and resolutive stages.

Objectives: To analyse peripapillary and papillary superficial microvascularization using OCT-angiography (OCT-A) in patients with non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) at the acute and resolutive stages.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study conducted between October 2018 and November 2019 included 23 NAION subjects at the acute stage (onset <1 month) and 20 patients at the resolutive stage (onset >3 months). NAION and contralateral eyes were compared to control eyes of patients (n = 50) matched 1:1 for refractive error, sex, age, systemic hypertension, diabetes, and sleep apnoea syndrome.

Radial nerve injuries in humeral fractures: case series and medico-legal implications.

Introduction: Radial nerve injury following humeral fracture is the most common peripheral nerve injury associated with long bone fractures. The purpose of this study is to analyse our treatment protocols and long-term outcomes of humeral fractures associated with radial nerve injury which were surgically treated at the I.R.

Ischemic monomelic neuropathy following arteriovenous fistula surgery: a case report.

Ischemic monomelic neuropathy (IMN) is an uncommon complication of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) surgery that presents with pain, motor weakness, and sensory changes without critical ischemia. This report describes a rare case of successful IMN treatment after AVF surgery. A 61-year-old man with diabetic end-stage kidney disease was admitted for left brachiocephalic AVF surgery.

Sural-to-medial femoral cutaneous amplitude ratio in early diagnosis of uremic neuropathy.

Introduction: Medial femoral cutaneous (MFC) sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) can be easily recorded using distal stimulation. This study aimed to identify a new parameter using MFC SNAPs for the early electrophysiological diagnosis of length-dependent axonal polyneuropathy (LDAP) associated with uremic neuropathy.

Methods: Patients with chronic renal failure who were referred to the electrodiagnostic laboratory due to symptoms suggesting polyneuropathy were included.

Early Peripheral Nerve Involvement at the Time of Coughing in Patients With Intronic Expansion.

Objectives: Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome results from variations in and is mostly caused by intronic biallelic pathogenic expansions (RE-). Refractory chronic cough (RCC) is frequently observed for years to decades preceding ataxia onset. Whether peripheral nerves are involved in the presymptomatic phase characterized by RCC is uncertain.

Risk factors for puncture-related complications after cerebrovascular angiography and neuroendovascular intervention with distal transradial approach.

Background And Purpose: To determine the risk factors for puncture-related complications after the distal transradial approach (dTRA) for cerebrovascular angiography and neuroendovascular intervention and to explore the incidence and potential mechanisms of procedural failure and puncture-related complications.

Materials And Methods: From February to November 2023, 62 patients underwent dTRA in our department. Demographic, clinical, and procedural data were collected retrospectively.

Unveiling the Role of Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) in Detecting Subclinical Peripheral Neuropathy in Autoimmune Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy, characterized by nerve damage, often presents with symptoms like pain, tingling, and muscle weakness. However, in its subclinical form, these symptoms may be subtle or absent, making early detection challenging. This is particularly concerning in patients with autoimmune connective tissue disorders (ACTDs), where the immune system attacks the body's tissues, potentially leading to nerve damage.

Exploring retinal vessel density alterations in prolactinoma patients: Insights from OCTA imaging.

Purpose: To investigate microvascular changes in the macular and peripapillary area in prolactinoma patients by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Design: A retrospective study.

Methods: This study included 40 patients with treatment-naive prolactinoma and 42 healthy controls.

Nerve conduction studies of sensory nerves with proven vasculitic neuropathy often show an absent electrical response.

Introduction/aims: In vasculitic neuropathy (VN), it is not known whether nerve conduction studies (NCSs) showing low amplitude sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) or those with absent responses have a higher yield in detecting appropriate nerves for pathological confirmation. Our goal was to describe NCS findings of nerves prior to biopsy in patients with VN.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study between January 2000 and April 2021 in patients with VN who either met pathological definite criteria for VN or criteria for clinically probable VN and had NCS of the sural or superficial radial sensory nerves prior to biopsy of the same nerve.

Longitudinal evaluation of circumpapillary structure-function and vasculature-function relationships in acute and sub-acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

Purpose: To investigate the global and regional correlations between longitudinal structure-function (S-F) and vasculature-function (V-F) using circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness measurements, circumpapillary vessel density (cpVD) and the corresponding/final visual outcomes at different stages of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Methods: Thirty eyes of 30 patients with acute NAION were included. LogMAR best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), mean deviation (MD) and visual field index (VFI), cpRNFL thickness and cpVD across different retinal layers were examined at baseline, 2 weeks and 1 month after diagnosis.

Risk Factors for Postoperative Donor Site Complications in Radial Forearm Free Flaps.

The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is the most commonly used flap for head and neck reconstruction. However, complications at the donor site are its major drawbacks. We aimed to identify the patient comorbidities and factors that predict donor site complications after RFFF.

Hourglass Constrictive Neuropathy: A Likely Underdiagnosed Condition with Characteristic Imaging Features.

Hourglass-like constrictive neuropathy should be considered in patients with unexplained peripheral neuropathy symptoms, as imaging may show nerve constriction without evidence of intrinsic or extrinsic compression.

Microstructural changes in the median and ulnar nerve in people with and without diabetic neuropathy in their hands: A cross-sectional diffusion MRI study.

Purpose: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has revealed microstructural changes in lower limb nerves in people with diabetic neuropathy. Microstructural changes in upper limb nerves using DWI in people with diabetes have not yet been explored.

Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to quantify and compare the microstructure of the median and ulnar nerve in people without diabetes (n = 10), people with diabetes without distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN; n = 10), people with DSPN in the lower limbs only (DSPN ; n = 12), and people with DSPN in the upper and lower limbs (DSPN ; n = 9).

Challenging the Controversy Surrounding Percutaneous Brachial Artery Access Related Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Endovascular therapy has become increasingly preferred in the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions. The choice of arterial access usually depends on the type of procedure being performed with most via the common femoral artery and increasingly via the radial artery. Percutaneous access via the brachial artery has however been approached with caution due to the perceived increased risk for development of complications.