700 results match your criteria: "RWTH University Hospital Aachen[Affiliation]"

Recent Advances in Liver Tissue Engineering as an Alternative and Complementary Approach for Liver Transplantation.

Curr Issues Mol Biol

December 2023

Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.

Acute and chronic liver diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting millions of people. Liver transplantation is the primary intervention method, replacing a non-functional liver with a functional one. However, the field of liver transplantation faces challenges such as donor shortage, postoperative complications, immune rejection, and ethical problems.

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Background And Aims: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare but life-threatening condition, and DILI, particularly acetaminophen toxicity, is the leading cause of ALF. Innate immune mechanisms further perpetuate liver injury, while the role of the adaptive immune system in DILI-related ALF is unclear.

Approach And Results: We analyzed liver tissue from 2 independent patient cohorts with ALF and identified hepatic T cell infiltration as a prominent feature in human ALF.

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Elevated Midkine Serum Levels Are Associated with Long-Term Survival in Critically Ill Patients.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2023

Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.

Midkine (Mdk) is a multifunctional protein involved in inflammatory processes. Hence, circulating Mdk is increased in sepsis and has been previously suggested as a potential biomarker in these patients. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of Mdk serum concentrations in critical illness and sepsis and to verify its value as a prognostic biomarker.

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Background: In glioma patients, tumor growth and subsequent treatments are associated with various types of brain lesions. We hypothesized that cognitive functioning in these patients critically depends on the maintained structural connectivity of multiple brain networks.

Methods: The study included 121 glioma patients (median age, 52 years; median Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score 1; CNS-WHO Grade 3 or 4) after multimodal therapy.

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Background: Microtubules are attractive targets for anticancer drugs. However, the microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) currently in clinical use exhibit inevitable drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover novel MTAs for the clinical treatment of cancer.

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Background: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is one of the main contributors to poor clinical outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Endovascular spasmolysis with intra-arterial nimodipine (IAN) may resolve angiographic vasospasm, but its effect on infarct prevention and clinical outcome is still unclear. We report the effect of IAN on infarction rates and functional outcome in a consecutive series of SAH patients.

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Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling mediates profibrotic hematopoiesis-stroma crosstalk in myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Cell Rep

January 2024

Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

The role of hematopoietic Hedgehog signaling in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) remains incompletely understood despite data suggesting that Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitors have therapeutic activity in patients. We aim to systematically interrogate the role of canonical vs. non-canonical Hh signaling in MPNs.

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Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) constitute a heterogeneous group of rare tumor entities. Treatment relies on challenging patient-tailored surgical resection. Real-time intraoperative lipid profiling of electrosurgical vapors by rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) may aid in achieving successful surgical R0 resection (i.

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Article Synopsis
  • Histopathologic regression of cutaneous melanoma is viewed as a positive indicator for patient prognosis, though its clinical relevance is still debated.
  • A study analyzed data from 1179 melanoma patients (2010-2015) undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy, finding that those with regression had significantly better outcomes, including lower relapse and metastasis rates.
  • Regression was linked to favorable survival rates in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors but did not demonstrate the same benefits for those undergoing targeted therapy or chemotherapy.
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Treatment of septic encephalopathy and encephalitis - a critical appraisal.

Expert Rev Neurother

December 2023

Department of Neuropathology, University Medicine Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Introduction: The central nervous system is frequently involved during severe sepsis. Patients either develop septic encephalopathy characterized by delirium and coma or focal neurological signs as a consequence of septic-embolic or septic-metastatic encephalitis.

Areas Covered: In this review, a summary of currently available literature on established and some promising experimental treatment options for septic encephalopathy and encephalitis is provided, with a focus on the clinical utility of published studies.

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Aims: In long QT syndrome (LQTS), primary prevention improves outcome; thus, early identification is key. The most common LQTS phenotype is a foetal heart rate (FHR) < 3rd percentile for gestational age (GA) but the effects of cohort, genotype, variant, and maternal β-blocker therapy on FHR are unknown. We assessed the influence of these factors on FHR in pregnancies with familial LQTS and developed a FHR/GA threshold for LQTS.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) after open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs (TAAA) is a common postoperative complication, associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Early detection and management of the kidney tissue damage remains of paramount importance. The aim of this prospectively conducted, observational trial was to evaluate the clinical applicability of Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid) for the detection of postoperative AKI.

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Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare inherited disease characterized by sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) deficiency and, thus, a lack of bile acid synthesis with a marked accumulation of 7α-hydroxylated bile acid precursors. In addition to their renowned lipid-emulgating role, bile acids have been shown to stimulate secretion of the glucose-lowering and satiety-promoting gut hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). In this paper, we examined postprandial bile acid, glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) plasma profiles in patients with CTX and matched healthy controls.

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Introduction: Paroxysmal seizure-like events can be a diagnostic challenge. Inpatient video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring (VEM) can be a valuable diagnostic tool, but recommendations for the minimal duration of VEM to confirm or rule out epilepsy are inconsistent. In this study, we aim to determine whether VEM of 48 or 72 h was superior to 24 h.

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Isolation of Bovine and Human Milk Extracellular Vesicles.

Biomedicines

October 2023

Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.

Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes are small-sized, bilayered extracellular biovesicles generated by almost every cell and released into the surrounding body fluids upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies and the plasma membrane. Based on their origin, they are enriched with a variety of biologically active components including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, cellular metabolites, and many other constituents. They can either attach or fuse with the membrane of a target cell, or alternatively be taking up via endocytosis by a recipient cell.

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has a significant impact on the daily lives of those affected. This concept paper presents a project that aims at addressing MDD challenges through innovative therapy systems. The project consists of two use cases: a multimodal neurofeedback (NFB) therapy and an AI-based virtual therapy assistant (VTA).

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Hepatocyte survival and proliferation by fibroblast growth factor 7 attenuates liver inflammation, and fibrogenesis during acute liver injury via paracrine mechanisms.

Biomed Pharmacother

November 2023

Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Hepatocyte damage during liver injury instigates activation of macrophages and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) resulting in liver inflammation and fibrosis respectively. Improving hepatocyte survival and proliferation thereby ameliorating inflammation and fibrosis represents a promising approach for the treatment of liver injury. In the liver, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play a crucial role in promoting hepatocyte proliferation and tissue regeneration.

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The presenilin-1 (PSEN1) gene is crucial in developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA generated through back-splicing, resulting in a covalently closed circular molecule. This study aimed to investigate PSEN1-gene-derived circular RNAs (circPSEN1s) and their potential functions in AD.

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Clinical outcomes of hundred large Impella implantations in cardiogenic shock patients based on individual clinical scenarios.

Artif Organs

December 2023

Department of Cardiac Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Background: Large Impella systems (5.0 or 5.5; i.

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Targeting copper to combat macrophage-driven inflammation: a potential advanced therapeutic strategy.

Signal Transduct Target Ther

September 2023

Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.

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Lipocalin 2 receptors: facts, fictions, and myths.

Front Immunol

August 2023

Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.

The human 25-kDa Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was first identified and purified as a protein that in part is associated with gelatinase from neutrophils. This protein shows a high degree of sequence similarity with the deduced sequences of rat α-microglobulin-related protein and the mouse protein 24p3. Based on its typical lipocalin fold, which consists of an eight-stranded, anti-parallel, symmetrical β-barrel fold structure it was initially thought that LCN2 is a circulating protein functioning as a transporter of small lipophilic molecules.

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Putative role of glial cells in treatment resistance depression: An updated critical literation review and evaluation of single-nuclei transcriptomics data.

Life Sci

October 2023

Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address:

Aims: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent global mental illness with diverse underlying causes. Despite the availability of first-line antidepressants, approximately 10-30 % of MDD patients do not respond to these medications, falling into the category of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Our study aimed to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms through which glial cells contribute to depression-like episodes in TRD.

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Patients that suffer from severe multiple trauma are highly vulnerable to the development of complications that influence their outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the risk factors that can facilitate an early recognition of adult patients at risk. The inclusion criteria were as follows: admission to a level 1 trauma center, injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 16 (severe injury was defined by an abbreviated injury score (AIS) ≥ 3) and ≥18 years of age.

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