Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Dynamics in a Molecular Spin Liquid System.

The molecular triangular lattice system, β^{'}-EtMe_{3}Sb[Pd(dmit)_{2}]_{2}, is considered as a candidate material for the quantum spin liquid state, although ongoing debates arise from recent controversial results. Here, the results of electron spin resonance and muon-spin relaxation measurements on β^{'}-EtMe_{3}Sb[Pd(dmit)_{2}]_{2} are presented. Both results indicate characteristic behaviors related to quasi-one-dimensional spin dynamics, whereas the direction of anisotropy found in electron spin resonance is in contradiction with previous theories.

Overcoming the probing-depth dilemma in spectroscopic analyses of batteries with muon-induced X-ray emission (MIXE).

Battery research often encounters the challenge of determining chemical information, such as composition and elemental oxidation states, of a layer buried within a cell stack in a non-destructive manner. Spectroscopic techniques based on X-ray emission or absorption are well-suited and commonly employed to reveal this information. However, the attenuation of X-rays as they travel through matter creates a challenge when trying to analyze layers buried at depths exceeding hundred micrometers from the sample's surface.

Overview of High-Performance Timing and Position-Sensitive MCP Detectors Utilizing Secondary Electron Emission for Mass Measurements of Exotic Nuclei at Nuclear Physics Facilities.

Timing and/or position-sensitive MCP detectors, which detect secondary electrons (SEs) emitted from a conversion foil during ion passage, are widely utilized in nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics experiments. This review covers high-performance timing and/or position-sensitive MCP detectors that use SE emission for mass measurements of exotic nuclei at nuclear physics facilities, along with their applications in new measurement schemes. The design, principles, performance, and applications of these detectors with different arrangements of electromagnetic fields are summarized.

Unique magnetic transition process demonstrating the effectiveness of bond percolation theory in a quantum magnet.

Like the crystallization of water to ice, magnetic transition occurs at a critical temperature after the slowing down of dynamically fluctuating short-range correlated spins. Here, we report a unique type of magnetic transition characterized by a linear increase in the volume fraction of unconventional static short-range-ordered spin clusters, which triggered a transition into a long-range order at a threshold fraction perfectly matching the bond percolation theory in a new quantum antiferromagnet of pseudo-trigonal Cu(OH)Cl. Static short-range order appeared in its Kagome lattice plane below ca.

Antiproton annihilation at rest in thin solid targets and comparison with Monte Carlo simulations.

The mechanism of antiproton-nucleus annihilation at rest is not fully understood, despite substantial previous experimental and theoretical work. In this study we used slow extracted antiprotons from the ASACUSA apparatus at CERN to measure the charged particle multiplicities and their energy deposits from antiproton annihilations at rest on three different nuclei: carbon, molybdenum and gold. The results are compared with predictions from different models in the simulation tools Geant4 and FLUKA.

Signature of Proton-Hole Transfer in Hydrogen-Bonded Solids at 10 K.

Although proton transport in water ice is well understood, proton-hole transfer (PHT) involving proton abstraction by anions remains less explored. This study investigates PHT in HS and NH solids at low temperatures, aiming to determine whether these solids exhibit negative charge transport similar to that in ice. In HS and NH solids at 10 K, surface HS and NH anions in hydrogen-bonded systems trigger negative current flow, providing a clear signature of PHT.

Time-resolved observation of DHR123 nano-clay radio-fluorogenic gel dosimeters by photoluminescence-detected pulse radiolysis.

The importance of real-time dose evaluation has increased for recent advanced radiotherapy. However, conventional methods for real-time dosimetry using gel dosimeters face challenges owing to the delayed dose response caused by the slow completion of radiation-induced chemical reactions. In this study, a novel technique called photoluminescence-detected pulse radiolysis (PLPR) was developed, and its potential to allow real-time dose measurements using nano-clay radio-fluorogenic gel (NC-RFG) dosimeters was investigated.

Rare occurrence of cryptic 5' splice sites by downstream 3' splice site/exon boundary mutations in a heavy-ion-induced allele of .

Pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental process in eukaryotic gene expression, and the mechanism of intron definition, involving the recognition of the canonical GU (5'-splice site) and AG (3'-splice site) dinucleotides by splicing factors, has been postulated for most cases of splicing initiation in plants. Splice site mutations have played crucial roles in unraveling the mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing . Typically, splice site mutations abolish splicing events or activate one or more cryptic splice sites surrounding the mutated region.

Magicity versus Superfluidity around ^{28}O viewed from the Study of ^{30}F.

The neutron-rich unbound fluorine isotope ^{30}F_{21} has been observed for the first time by measuring its neutron decay at the SAMURAI spectrometer (RIBF, RIKEN) in the quasifree proton knockout reaction of ^{31}Ne nuclei at 235  MeV/nucleon. The mass and thus one-neutron-separation energy of ^{30}F has been determined to be S_{n}=-472±58(stat)±33(sys)  keV from the measurement of its invariant-mass spectrum. The absence of a sharp drop in S_{n}(^{30}F) shows that the "magic" N=20 shell gap is not restored close to ^{28}O, which is in agreement with our shell-model calculations that predict a near degeneracy between the neutron d and fp orbitals, with the 1p_{3/2} and 1p_{1/2} orbitals becoming more bound than the 0f_{7/2} one.

First Exploration of Monopole-Driven Shell Evolution above the N=126 Shell Closure: New Millisecond Isomers in ^{213}Tl and ^{215}Tl.

Isomer spectroscopy of heavy neutron-rich nuclei beyond the N=126 closed shell has been performed for the first time at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory of the RIKEN Nishina Center. New millisecond isomers have been identified at low excitation energies, 985.3(19) keV in ^{213}Tl and 874(5) keV in ^{215}Tl.

Precise Spectroscopy of the 3n and 3p Systems via the ^{3}H(t, ^{3}He)3n and ^{3}He(^{3}He, t)3p Reactions at Intermediate Energies.

To search for low-energy resonant structures in isospin T=3/2 three-body systems, we have performed the experiments ^{3}H(t,^{3}He)3n and ^{3}He(^{3}He,t)3p at intermediate energies. For the 3n experiment, we have newly developed a thick Ti-^{3}H target that has the largest tritium thickness among targets of this type ever made. The 3n experiment for the first time covered the momentum-transfer region as low as 15  MeV/c, which provides ideal conditions for producing fragile systems.

Nuclear clustering-manifestations of non-uniformity in nuclei.

Well-developed [Formula: see text] clusters are known to exist in light [Formula: see text] nuclei, and their properties are reasonably well described with modern nuclear structure theories. However, 'modestly' developed clusters in medium to heavy nuclei remain little understood, both theoretically and experimentally. Extension of the focus to include modestly developed clusters leads us to a concept of 'generalized clusters' and 'cluster ubiquitousness'.

Excited-State Half-Lives in ^{130}Cd and the Isospin Dependence of Effective Charges.

The known I^{π}=8_{1}^{+}, E_{x}=2129-keV isomer in the semimagic nucleus ^{130}Cd_{82} was populated in the projectile fission of a ^{238}U beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. The high counting statistics of the accumulated data allowed us to determine the excitation energy, E_{x}=2001.2(7)  keV, and half-life, T_{1/2}=57(3)  ns, of the I^{π}=6_{1}^{+} state based on γγ coincidence information.

Enhancement of magnetism by tailoring synthesis conditions in electron-doped superconducting nanoparticles.

A study on the effects of sample synthesis conditions on the particle size, structure, and magnetic properties of electron-doped cuprate superconductors of EuCeCuO (ECCO) nanoparticles has been carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer (SQUID). The ECCO nanoparticles were prepared through the sol-gel method with various sintering and annealing temperatures. From TEM characterization, the average particle sizes are 87 nm and 103 nm for the sintering temperatures of 700 °C and 900 °C, respectively.

Genomic view of heavy-ion-induced deletions associated with distribution of essential genes in .

Heavy-ion beam, a type of ionizing radiation, has been applied to plant breeding as a powerful mutagen and is a promising tool to induce large deletions and chromosomal rearrangements. The effectiveness of heavy-ion irradiation can be explained by linear energy transfer (LET; keV µm). Heavy-ion beams with different LET values induce different types and sizes of mutations.

Application of transition-edge sensors for micro-X-ray fluorescence measurements and micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy: a case study of uranium speciation in biotite obtained from a uranium mine.

In this study, we successfully applied a transition-edge sensor (TES) spectrometer as a detector for microbeam X-ray measurements from a synchrotron X-ray light source in the hard X-ray region to determine uranium (U) distribution at the micro-scale and its chemical species in biotite obtained from a U mine. It is difficult to separate the fluorescent X-ray of the U Lα line at 13.615 keV from that of the Rb Kα line at 13.

Mass, Spectroscopy, and Two-Neutron Decay of ^{16}Be.

The structure and decay of the most neutron-rich beryllium isotope, ^{16}Be, has been investigated following proton knockout from a high-energy ^{17}B beam. Two relatively narrow resonances were observed for the first time, with energies of 0.84(3) and 2.

Observation of New Isotopes in the Fragmentation of ^{198}Pt at FRIB.

Five previously unknown isotopes (^{182,183}Tm, ^{186,187}Yb, ^{190}Lu) were produced, separated, and identified for the first time at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) using the Advanced Rare Isotope Separator (ARIS). The new isotopes were formed through the interaction of a ^{198}Pt beam with a carbon target at an energy of 186  MeV/u and with a primary beam power of 1.5 kW.

Metallic radionuclide-labeled tetrameric 2,6-diisopropylphenyl azides for cancer treatment.

This study proposes a new method for radionuclide therapy that involves the use of oligomeric 2,6-diisopropylphenyl azides and a chelator to form stable complexes with metallic radionuclides. The technique works by taking advantage of the endogenous acrolein produced by cancer cells. The azides react with the acrolein to give a diazo derivative that immediately attaches to the nearest organelle, effectively anchoring the radionuclide within the tumor.

Demonstration of nuclear gamma-ray polarimetry based on a multi-layer CdTe Compton camera.

To detect and track structural changes in atomic nuclei, the systematic study of nuclear levels with firm spin-parity assignments is important. While linear polarization measurements have been applied to determine the electromagnetic character of gamma-ray transitions, the applicable range is strongly limited due to the low efficiency of the detection system. The multi-layer Cadmium-Telluride (CdTe) Compton camera can be a state-of-the-art gamma-ray polarimeter for nuclear spectroscopy with the high position sensitivity and the detection efficiency.

The mitochondrial and plastid genomes of L. cv. Taichung 65.

A highly contiguous mitochondrial and plastid genome sequences of a rice cultivar, Taichung 65, were determined by a hybrid approach with long- and short-read sequences. The assembled mitochondrial genome was 465,453 bases in length with an overall GC content of 43.8%.

Observation of the Exotic 0_{2}^{+} Cluster State in ^{8}He.

We report here the first observation of the 0_{2}^{+} state of ^{8}He, which has been predicted to feature the condensatelike α+^{2}n+^{2}n cluster structure. We show that this state is characterized by a spin parity of 0^{+}, a large isoscalar monopole transition strength, and the emission of a strongly correlated neutron pair, in line with theoretical predictions. Our finding is further supported by the state-of-the-art microscopic α+4n model calculations.

Triplet dynamic nuclear polarization of pyruvate supramolecular chemistry.

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) significantly improves the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging, and its most important medical application is cancer diagnosis hyperpolarized C-labeled pyruvate. Unlike cryogenic DNP, triplet-DNP uses photoexcited triplet electrons under mild conditions. However, triplet-DNP of pyruvate has not been observed because of incompatibility of the hydrophobic polarizing agent with hydrophilic pyruvate.

Validation of the ^{10}Be Ground-State Molecular Structure Using ^{10}Be(p,pα)^{6}He Triple Differential Reaction Cross-Section Measurements.

The cluster structure of the neutron-rich isotope ^{10}Be has been probed via the (p,pα) reaction at 150  MeV/nucleon in inverse kinematics and in quasifree conditions. The populated states of ^{6}He residues were investigated through missing mass spectroscopy. The triple differential cross section for the ground-state transition was extracted for quasifree angle pairs (θ_{p},θ_{α}) and compared to distorted-wave impulse approximation reaction calculations performed in a microscopic framework using successively the Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Röpke product wave function and the wave function deduced from antisymmetrized molecular dynamics calculations.