Global metabolomic alterations associated with endocrine-disrupting chemicals among pregnant individuals and newborns.

Background: Gestational exposure to non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. While many EDCs affect the endocrine system, their effects on endocrine-related metabolic pathways remain unclear. This study aims to explore the global metabolome changes associated with EDC biomarkers at delivery.

Treatment for anxiety, depression, and stress in pregnant people experiencing antepartum hospitalization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate inpatient interventions to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, or stress in pregnant individuals during antepartum hospitalization.

Data Sources: Searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and PsycINFO from database inception through April 2023.

Study Eligibility Criteria: Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies were eligible for inclusion if an intervention was compared to treatment as usual (TAU) to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, or stress among pregnant individuals admitted to a hospital's antepartum unit.

Beneficial effect of saturated and poly-unsaturated fat-rich diet on risky decision-making behaviour in adolescent rats exposed to early-life stress.

Previous studies suggest that early-life stress (ELS) induced by early maternal separation and isolation (MS) stress during the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP) leads to increased curiosity-like and increased risky decision-making behaviour in adolescence. Evidence suggests that dietary interventions early in adolescence could play an important role in mitigating the detrimental effects of MS stress on risky decision-making behaviour. Hence, the present study hypothesized that nutritional supplements such as saturated fat (SFA) and/or polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) would be beneficial in ameliorating the impact of MS stress on risky decision-making behaviour when incorporated into the diet during early adolescence.

Intranasal oxytocin for apathy in people with frontotemporal dementia (FOXY): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive, crossover, phase 2a/2b superiority trial.

Background: No treatments exist for apathy in people with frontotemporal dementia. Previously, in a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study, intranasal oxytocin administration in people with frontotemporal dementia improved apathy ratings on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory over 1 week and, in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, a single dose of 72 IU oxytocin increased blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal in limbic brain regions. We aimed to determine whether longer treatment with oxytocin improves apathy in people with frontotemporal dementia.

A forward genetic screen identifies potassium channel essentiality in SHH medulloblastoma maintenance.

Distinguishing tumor maintenance genes from initiation, progression, and passenger genes is critical for developing effective therapies. We employed a functional genomic approach using the Lazy Piggy transposon to identify tumor maintenance genes in vivo and applied this to sonic hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma (MB). Combining Lazy Piggy screening in mice and transcriptomic profiling of human MB, we identified the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB2 as a candidate maintenance driver.

sVEGFR3 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and immune cell infiltration.

Recent studies have suggested that sVEGFR3 is involved in cardiac diseases by regulating lymphangiogenesis; however, results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of sVEGFR3 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). sVEGFR3 effects were evaluated in vivo in mice subjected to MI/RI, and in vitro using HL-1 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion.

Hybrid Nanocomposite Mini-Tablet to Be Applied into the Post-Extraction Socket: Matching the Potentialities of Resveratrol-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles and Hydroxyapatite to Promote Alveolar Wound Healing.

: Following tooth extraction, resveratrol (RSV) can support healing by reducing inflammation and microbial risks, though its poor solubility limits its effectiveness. This study aims to develop a solid nanocomposite by embedding RSV in lipid nanoparticles (mLNP) within a hydrophilic matrix, to the scope of improving local delivery and enhancing healing. Hydroxyapatite (HXA), often used as a bone substitute, was added to prevent post-extraction alveolus volume reduction.

Enteric Coated Pellets with Lactoferrin for Oral Delivery: Improved Shelf Life of the Product.

Background/objectives: Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-binding protein, has considerable potential for use as an active ingredient in food supplements due to its numerous positive effects on health. As Lf is prone to degradation, we aimed to develop a formulation that would ensure sufficient stability of Lf in the gastrointestinal tract and during product storage.

Methods: A simple, efficient, and well-established technology that has potential for industrial production was used for the double-coating of neutral pellet cores with an Lf layer and a protective enteric coating.

Vitamins K2 and D3 Improve Long COVID, Fungal Translocation, and Inflammation: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Long COVID (LC) is characterized by persistent symptoms at least 3 months after a SARS-COV-2 infection. LC has been associated with fungal translocation, gut dysfunction, and enhanced systemic inflammation. Currently, there is no approved treatment for this condition.

An Ultra-Wide Range D-Shaped Fiber SPR Sensor with a Nanostructure of Gold-MoS and Sodium for the Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index and Temperature.

Refractive index (RI) and temperature (T) are both critical environmental parameters for environmental monitoring, food production, and medical testing. The paper develops a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor to measure RI and T simultaneously. Its cross-sectional structure encompasses a hexagonal-hole lattice, with one hole selectively filled with toluene for temperature sensing.

Thermal Melanism in (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae).

Thermal polymorphism, usually represented by thermal melanism (darker coloration in cooler habitats), is a well-known phenomenon in animals. In Cetoniinae, several species in captivity tend to become darker after several generations of breeding, which is probably caused by a lower temperature than is typical for their native habitats. is a beetle species occurring in Somaliland.

Unmasking Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in United States Chordoma Clinical Trials: Systematic Review.

Background: Chordoma is a rare bone cancer with limited treatment options. Clinical trials are crucial for developing effective therapies, but their success depends on including diverse patient populations. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the reporting of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic diversity in United States clinical trials exploring treatment for chordoma.

Radiographic and Clinical Results of Combined Bone and Soft-Tissue Tailored Surgeries for Hip Dislocation and Subluxation in Cerebral Palsy.

Background/objectives: The aim of the study is to present middle-term results of tailored bone and soft-tissue surgeries in subluxated and dislocated hips in children affected by cerebral palsy.

Methods: A total of 87 medical records belonging to 73 children affected by CP, treated with combined soft-tissue releases, VDO, and pelvic osteotomy, were reviewed retrospectively. Radiological measurements of AI, RI, and NSA were obtained before surgery, postoperatively, at 12 and 24 months after surgery.

Reference Intervals (RIs) of the Bone Turnover Markers (BTMs) in Children and Adolescents: A Proposal for Effective Use.

Background/objectives: Bone turnover markers (BTMs) can provide information on the bone growth of apparently healthy children and adolescents or useful results in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease condition, comparing them with appropriate reference intervals (RIs). The aim of this study was to establish the RI for the BTM [specific bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), carboxy-terminal cross-linked collagen type I telopeptide (CTX), N-terminal propeptide pro-collagen type I (PINP), osteocalcin (OC), resistant to acid tartrate phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAcP-5b)] on serum samples from children and adolescents.

Method: 202 samples from children and adolescents (ages 1-18 years) (51.

Novel Role of Pin1-Cis P-Tau-ApoE Axis in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia and Its Connection with Dementia.

Preeclampsia (preE) is a severe multisystem hypertensive syndrome of pregnancy associated with ischemia/hypoxia, angiogenic imbalance, apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-mediated dyslipidemia, placental insufficiency, and inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface. Our recent data further suggest that preE is associated with impaired autophagy, vascular dysfunction, and proteinopathy/tauopathy disorder, similar to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), including the presence of the cis stereo-isoform of phosphorylated tau (cis P-tau), amyloid-β, and transthyretin in the placenta and circulation. This review provides an overview of the factors that may lead to the induction and accumulation of cis P-tau-like proteins by focusing on the inactivation of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (Pin1) that catalyzes the cis to trans isomerization of P-tau.

Structural Characterization of Foxtail Millet () Polysaccharides and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities.

A water-soluble polysaccharide from foxtail millet (FM-D1) was isolated and purified through gradient ethanol precipitation and column chromatography. Size-Exclusion Chromatography-Multi-Angle Light Scattering-Refractive Index (SEC-MALLS-RI) and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) analyses revealed that FM-D1 constitutes a highly purified neutral polysaccharide exclusively composed of glucose as the sugar unit, with a molecular weight of 14.823 kDa.

Perturbations in Microbial Communities at Hydrothermal Vents of Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy).

Marine hydrothermal ecosystems represent extreme environments connected to submarine volcanic areas characterized by vents, having high temperatures and particular chemical compositions. The hydrothermal marine system of Panarea, located in one of the seven small islands belonging to the Aeolian Archipelago (southern Tyrrhenian Sea), is characterized by a range of vents exhibiting diverse physical and chemical conditions. We aimed to analyze the microbial community of a peculiar hot spring belonging to the Panarea hydrothermal field, known as "Black Point" (BP), in two separate sampling expeditions (May and August).

The Impact of Ageing on Diaphragm Function and Maximal Inspiratory Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Ultrasound Study.

: The effects of ageing on the diaphragm are unclear. This study examined the association between ageing and diaphragm thickness, thickening fraction (TF), and diaphragm excursion (DE) as assessed by ultrasonography after adjusting for other factors. The relationship between these parameters and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) was also investigated.

Trait mindfulness in early pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Mindfulness centered therapy has been shown to improve perinatal mental health outcomes. There is emerging evidence that mindfulness training (MT) can also be harnessed to improve somatic outcomes. Yet, little is known about which perinatal populations might benefit the most from mindfulness training interventions.

High prevalence of multidrug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections in the West region, Cameroon.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance remains a worldwide health problem with serious societal and economical repercussions. Multidrug resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase producing-Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) are pathogens of critical public health priority that urgently require the research and development of new drugs. This study aims to determine the prevalence and characterize the genes conferring resistance to β-lactams among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the West region, Cameroon.

Development of a checklist for cognitive assessment requirements (CARE) based on a Delphi consensus study.

Situational factors can influence cognitive performance and should be considered for conducting cognitive assessments. The objective of this project was to develop a checklist for Cognitive Assessment Requirements (CARE) to identify these situational factors before conducting cognitive assessments and account for them. This study employed a four-round Delphi approach involving 22 experts to identify situational factors that can impact cognitive assessment results.

Multi-assay assessment of cytotoxicity reveals multiple mechanisms of action in 3D microtissues.

Cell viability assays are an integral component of toxicology and high-throughput drug screening studies; however, many assays rely on a single biomarker of cell death which provides an incomplete assessment of cell viability. Here, we introduce an innovative approach that combines data from multiple assays using a linear mixed effects regression model and principal component analysis. We explored the cytotoxic response of various assay-treatment combinations using four assays with distinct mechanisms of action and seven different treatments across three types of microtissue cultures.

Forensic analysis of an alleged improvised explosive device (IED) from a multidisciplinary perspective: Organisation and outcomes of the ENFSI 2023 exercise.

Interdisciplinary examination of test materials requires careful consideration of how forensic routines can influence each other. This influence can be direct and obvious, or indirect and subtle. A multidisciplinary collaborative exercise (MdCE) should test a forensic laboratory's ability to account for these difficulties.

Characteristics of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and their association with treatment outcomes: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: There are few data on the treatment of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant (MDR) or rifampicin-resistant (RR) tuberculosis, especially with more recently available drugs and regimens. We aimed to describe the clinical and treatment characteristics and their associations with treatment outcomes in this susceptible population.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.