75,440 results match your criteria: "RI; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University[Affiliation]"

Background: It has been shown that dysbiosis, or dysfunction of the gastrointestinal (gut) microbiome is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we aimed to expand on beyond our previously reported findings of the gut microbiome associating with AD and explore if the gut microbiome is predictive of cognitive performance in individuals with AD. We sought to identity what cognitive domains are associated with the microbiome in our cohort of AD patients and healthy controls without dementia.

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Background: Widespread cognitive impairments have previously been documented in Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (EOAD) relative to cognitively normal (CN) same-aged peers or those with cognitive impairment without amyloid pathology (Early-Onset non-Alzheimer's Disease; EOnonAD; Hammers et al., 2023). Prior preliminary work has similarly observed worse cognitive performance being associated with earlier ages in EOAD participants enrolled in the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS; Apostolova et al.

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Background: Traditional cognitive and daily functioning measures that utilize episodic assessment schedules are less sensitive to subtle within-person change in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to evaluate whether longitudinal trajectories of high frequency cognitive assessments (HFA) and passively assessed higher order instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) differ between those with intact cognition (CN, n = 59) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 45). An exploratory aim evaluated whether the use of person-specific distributions would detect differences in longitudinal trajectories not captured by traditional between-group analyses.

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Background: Recent studies showed that neuroinflammation plays a key role in triggering specific neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), such as irritability and agitation, in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). While prior studies showed an association between tau pathology and all NPS domains, the extent to which tau influences each specific NPS domain remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the association of tau and NPS domains in the AD continuum.

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Background: Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (EOAD) is a rare condition that affects only 5% of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). At present, only basic information is known about the impact of AD risk variants on EOAD, and the effects of more subtle genetic contributions to cognitive decline have yet to be investigated. Genetic variants for brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) have both been implicated in cognitive change (Fiocco et al.

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Background: Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease (EOAD) is a rare condition that manifests prior to the age of 65, and affects approximately 5% of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) is the largest prospectively-evaluated cohort of participants with sporadic EOAD in the United States, initiated to better understand the features of this condition. The current analyses sought to examine longitudinal cognitive trajectories of patients with EOAD over time.

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Background: Pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) occur in the locus coeruleus (LC) years before clinical symptoms. This may affect LC activity that can be indexed by changes in pupil dilation. AD also disrupts connections between related but functionally distinct cortical areas leading to visual feature binding deficits.

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Background: Informant reports can complement standardized cognitive assessment and improve accuracy of dementia diagnosis. Although informant reports correlate moderately with objective measures of decline, the influence of informant factors, such as gender, on these relationships is unclear. This study assessed the hypothesis that informant gender would emerge as an independent predictor in the relationship between informant ratings of cognitive function (i.

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Background: Subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) are possibly one of the earliest clinical symptoms of dementia. There is growing interest in applying mobile app-based assessment to remotely screen for cognitive status in preclinical dementia, but the relationship between SCC and relevant mobile assessment metrics remains unclear. To address this gap, we characterize the relationship between SCC and adherence, satisfaction, and performance on digital cognitive assessment in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

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Clinical Manifestations.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) manifests prior to the age of 65. Clinical presentation of EOAD is distinct from that of late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and is characterized as having a more aggressive disease course with greater heterogeneity. Recent publications from the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) described their sample as predominantly amnestic, though this phenotypic description was based solely on clinical judgment.

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Background: "SuperAgers" (SA) are older adults who perform significantly better than their peers and comparable to young adults on objective memory measures. Longitudinal studies show that many do not maintain their SA status over time. The fluctuation in SA stability may reflect changes in executive functioning, hypothesized to contribute to variance of episodic memory scores in SA.

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Background: The newly proposed criteria by the AA working group incorporates both biological and clinical stages to characterize the progression of AD. In this study, we aim to evaluate the agreement between these two complementary systems.

Methods: Using 188 participants from McGill TRIAD and 139 from the HEAD cohorts, we categorized participants into biological (0-4) and clinical (0-4) stages using amyloid PET, tau PET(MK-6240), and clinical measures as described by the working group.

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Clinical Manifestations.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Background: The Uniform Data Set (UDS) neuropsychological battery, administered across Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADC), includes memory tests but lacks a list-learning paradigm. ADCs often supplement the UDS with their own preferred list-learning task. Given the importance of list-learning for characterizing memory, we aimed to develop a harmonized memory score that incorporates UDS memory tests while allowing centers to contribute differing list-learning tasks.

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Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) play a vital role in managing and preventing cardiovascular disease, particularly in elderly populations who face elevated risks for atherosclerosis and related conditions. This review delves into the mechanisms of statin action, emphasizing their impact on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, anti-inflammatory properties, and potential genetic factors influencing efficacy and drug tolerability. Consideration is given to statin intolerance and management strategies, drug interactions, and guidelines for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.

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The multifaceted nature of research integrity (RI) calls for the adoption of innovative methodologies to achieve a more thorough understanding. Mixed methods research (MMR) provides a valuable framework by combining diverse data sources, enabling a more nuanced exploration of complex research questions. This paper reviews seven RI studies employing MMR to identify methodological shortcomings.

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Sleep apnea is a global public health concern, but little research has examined this issue in low- and middle-income countries, including Samoa. The purpose of this study was to examine the sample prevalence and characteristics of sleep apnea using a validated home sleep apnea device (WatchPAT, Itamar) and explore factors that may influence sleep health in the Samoan setting. This study used data collected through the ("Good Health") study, which investigated the impact of the body mass index (BMI)-associated genetic variant rs373863828 in on metabolic traits in Samoan adults (sampled to overrepresent the obesity-risk allele of interest).

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Low-income, urban-dwelling Black adults are disproportionately affected by traumatic experiences, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression and encounter inequities in treatment access. In addition to the benefits Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for depression, there is preliminary evidence of successful symptom reduction in PTSD via MBCT across two prior pilot studies in veterans. Studies examining the effects of MBCT among trauma-exposed Black adults remains limited, and examination of effects across specific PTSD clusters is almost nonexistent.

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According to the recently published paper by the Lancet Commission on prostate cancer (PCa) , the projections of new cases of PCa will rise from 1.4 million in 2020 to 2.9 million by 2040.

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Legume plants can interact with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) simultaneously, forming a tripartite symbiotic association. Co-inoculation studies performed on a variety of legumes have shown that rhizobia and AMF influence each other when they co-occur in tripartite association and affect host plant nutrition and performance. Although single plant-microbe interactions have been extensively studied, our understanding in the field of tripartite interactions is insufficient and current knowledge cannot predict the symbiotic outcome, which appears to depend on many parameters.

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Seafood can contribute towards healthy and sustainable food systems by improving public health and helping achieve net zero carbon emissions. Here, we provide a high-resolution perspective on UK seafood supplies and nutrient flows at the species level. We mapped seafood production (capture and aquaculture), trade (imports and exports), purchases (within and out of home) and seafood consumption between 2009 and 2020.

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In amblyopia, abnormal binocular interactions lead to an overwhelming dominance of one eye. One mechanism implied in this imbalance is the suppression between the inputs from the two eyes. This interocular suppression involves two components: an overlay suppression and a surround suppression.

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Comprehensive molecular profiling by next-generation sequencing has revolutionized tumor classification and biomarker evaluation. However, routine implementation is challenged by the scant nature of diagnostic material obtained through minimally invasive procedures. Here, we describe our long-term experience in profiling cytology samples with an in-depth assessment of the performance, quality metrics, biomarker identification capabilities, and potential pitfalls.

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Profiling tumors with single-cell RNA sequencing has the potential to identify recurrent patterns of transcription variation related to cancer progression, and to produce therapeutically relevant insights. However, strong intertumor heterogeneity can obscure more subtle patterns that are shared across tumors. Here we introduce a statistical method, generalized binary covariance decomposition (GBCD), to address this problem.

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