Radiological and Hematological Parameters Predicting Success of Medical Expulsive Therapy in Patients With Ureteral Calculus.

Background Urolithiasis, characterized by the formation of stones in the urinary tract, is a common condition with significant morbidity. Medical expulsive therapy (MET) has emerged as a non-invasive treatment modality for facilitating the spontaneous passage of ureteral stones. However, MET success varies widely among individuals, and identifying predictive factors for treatment outcomes is crucial for optimizing patient care.

Role of Procalcitonin for Early Discrimination Between Necrotizing Fasciitis and Cellulitis of the Extremities.

Introduction Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a grave and life-threatening infection of the soft tissues. It is defined by the gradual necrosis of the fascia and subcutaneous tissue, which spreads along the fascial planes. Cellulitis, a prevalent skin infection, has led to suggestions that procalcitonin could serve as a diagnostic tool to distinguish it from other inflammatory skin conditions that resemble cellulitis.

Quality of life assessment in the first episode of acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important measure of a patient's recovery after an illness. However, HRQoL among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) survivors has not been extensively studied following cardiac management.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) among ACS patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Competency-based teacher education (CBTE): A training module to improve knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of school teachers on learning disabilities in children.

Introduction: Inclusive education is a new approach towards a system of educating children with disabilities and learning difficulties with that of normal ones within the same crown. Competency-based teacher education (CBTE) is a framework in which teachers demonstrate their learned knowledge, attitude, and skills in order to achieve specific predetermined "competencies" for a specific course or at a specific educational institution. Children with learning disabilities have significant impairment in reading, writing, and mathematics in spite of normal intelligence and sensory abilities.

Association Between the Immunohistochemistry Expression of E-cadherin, Beta-Catenin, and CD44 in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma.

Background Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in cancer metastasis. In EMT, there is downregulation of E-cadherin, an intracellular adhesion molecule, as well as mutations in beta-catenin genes. On immunohistochemistry (IHC), the expression of CD44 portrays stem cell differentiation, which, in turn, is strongly associated with EMT.

A Comparative Study of Placebo Versus Opioid-Free Analgesic Mixture for Mastectomies Performed Under General Anesthesia Along With Erector Spinae Plane Block.

Background and objectives Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women, globally. Postoperative pain after mastectomy not only causes slow recovery and prolonged hospital stay but can also increase the risk of chronic pain. For patients undergoing breast surgery, effective perioperative pain management is required.

Prognostic value of heart rate variability in acute coronary syndrome.

Objectives: To assess the predictive value of pre-discharge heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: 145 consecutive male patients with ACS (aged 57.12 ± 10.

Labyrinthine Fistula-Our Experience at a Tertiary Hospital.

This study has aimed to determine the anatomical site of labyrinthine fistula in patients of chronic suppurative otitis media at our centre. Labyrinthine fistulae (LF) are caused by abnormal communications between the inner ear and surrounding structures resulting in perilymph leakage and hearing loss. Labyrinthine fistula represents as erosive loss of the enchondral bone overlying the semicircular canals without loss of perilymph.

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Benign and Malignant Breast Masses with Pathological Correlation.

Background Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI sequences plays a vital role in diagnosing breast masses with high sensitivity and specificity as compared to other diagnostic modalities. The addition of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values significantly improves diagnostic accuracy. This study aimed to study the breast masses on DCE-MRI, restricted diffusion on DWI, ADC values, and choline peak on spectroscopy in breast cancer diagnosis.

A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Lower Abdominal Surgeries.

Context: Spinal block is the first choice for lower abdominal surgeries. Bupivacaine is the most common local anesthetic used but has a shorter duration of action. Many adjuvants have been used to improve the quality of analgesia till postoperative period.

Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy of Intrathecal Fentanyl Compared to Nalbuphine with Bupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia for Lower Abdominal Surgeries.

Context: Subarachnoid block or spinal anesthesia is a commonly used technique for lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. Bupivacaine is the commonly used cost-effective drug which gives satisfactory analgesia for 90-120 min. Additives such as opioids and α2 agonists extend the analgesia in the postoperative period.

A Clinical Comparative Study of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block with Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine for Positioning and Duration of Postoperative Analgesia in Fracture Femur under Spinal Anesthesia.

Context: Positioning fracture femur cases for sub arachnoid block (SAB) is challenging. Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is low skilled, helps positioning, and provides analgesia. Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant prolongs analgesia.

Attenuation of Hemodynamic Responses to Endotracheal Extubation with Different Doses of Diltiazem with Lignocaine: A Placebo-Controlled Study.

Introduction: Endotracheal extubation causes transient hemodynamic stimulation leading to increase in blood pressure and heart rate (HR) due to increase in sympathoadrenergic activity caused by epipharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal stimulation. Lignocaine, a sodium channel blocker, attenuates the hemodynamic response to tracheal extubation by inhibiting sodium channels in the neuronal cell membrane, decreasing the sensitivity of the heart muscles to electric impulses. Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, attenuates hemodynamic response by blocking voltage-sensitive L type channels and inhibiting calcium entry-mediated action potential in smooth and cardiac muscle.

Intrathecal Bupivacaine with Neostigmine and Bupivacaine with Normal Saline for Postoperative Analgesia: A Cost-effective Additive.

Context: In day-to-day practice, subarachnoid block remains the most common type of anesthesia. Bupivacaine is commonly used local anesthetic of neuraxial blockade, though earlier 5% xylocaine and now ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are also used. Additives such as opioids and α agonists are also used.

Identification of intronic-splice site mutations in GATA4 gene in Indian patients with congenital heart disease.

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect among congenital anomalies that arise before birth. GATA4 transcription factor plays an important role in foetal heart development. Mutational analysis of GATA4 gene in CHD patients revealed five known heterozygous mutations (p.

Evaluation of soft and hard tissue changes after anterior segmental osteotomy.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the changes of soft and hard tissues after anterior segmental osteotomy and to evaluate these changes using cepahalometric and photometric analyses.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients aged 18-30 years who underwent anterior segmental osteotomy were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative records consisted of lateral cephalogram and frontal and lateral photographs.

Ectopic anus with barrel gun perineum rare type of anorectal anomaly.

Perineal ectopic anus in female infants is not a very uncommon congenital anorectal anomaly with opening into the low vaginal or vulvar region. However, ectopic anus with barrel gun perineum is a less common variety. Patients generally present with frequent history of constipation, but may seek medical help for just aesthetic reasons.

Significance of adjunctive mitomycin C in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of intraoperative topical application of mitomycin C (MMC) on the results of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Design: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind study.

Settings: Hospitalized treatment was done in a tertiary medical college hospital and research center that deals with a predominantly rural population.

A case report of a giant presacral cystic schwannoma with sigmoid megacolon.

Schwannomas are peripheral nerve sheath tumours with a slow growth rate. Giant sacral schwannoma with anterior cortex erosion and associated intrapelvic extension are uncommon. Though they tend to be large when initially found, most Giant schwannomas are clinically asymptomatic.

Supernumerary testis.

Polyorchidism is a rare congenital anomaly of the genital tract in which more than two testes are present, usually within the scrotum. Less than 100 cases of polyorchidism have been reported in medical literature till date. The most common form is the presence of three testis referred as triorchidism or tritestis.

Ectopic sebaceous glands in the esophagus: a case report and review of literature.

Ectopic sebaceous glands occur rarely in the esophagus. A 65-year-old man presented with a history of discomfort during swallowing since the last 4 months. On upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, multiple wart-like grayish-yellow projections were detected and two of them were biopsied.

Glycemic control modifies the association between microalbuminuria and c-reactive protein in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Microalbuminuria and C-reactive protein reflect closely related components of the same disease process. The present study attempts to evaluate whether any association exists between C-reactive protein and microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with poor and adequate glycemic control. It was observed that in diabetics with poor glycemic control, microalbuminuria showed a significant positive correlation with C-reactive protein and the prevalence of microalbuminuria was significantly more at elevated C-reactive protein levels.

Cochlear sequestrum - An uncommon complication of a common disease.

Sequestration of the inner ear is an unusual complication of chronic suppurative otitis media. More so when not associated with a cholesteatoma. We report a rare case of tubotympanic disease producing multiple complications including a cochlear sequestrum.

Aural polyps: safe or unsafe disease?

Purpose: To determine whether a case of inflammatory aural polyp constitutes a safe or unsafe disease and to arrive at the most suitable treatment option.

Design: Prospective study. Follow-up period of 6 months.