Redox dependent features of tumors, adipose tissue, neutrophiles and platelets in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Aim: To study the levels of redox-forming molecules generated in tumor, adipose tissue (AT), neutrophils and platelets of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with normal body weight or obesity.

Materials And Methods: 83 samples of tumor tissue and 83 samples of the AT taken at the distance of 5 cm from the tumor as well as 83 blood samples have been analyzed in the patients with CRC with metachronous lesions in liver. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients who were surgically treated for ulcer.

Experimental substantiation of the use of hydroxyapatite - tricalcium phosphate bioceramics for replacing bone defects after tumor removal.

Background: Recently, bioactive ceramics based on hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) have been preferred as implants in bone engineering.

Aim: To study bone regeneration under conditions of filling metaphyseal defects with the original HAP-TCP composition.

Materials And Methods: The experiment was carried out on inbred rats, the observation period was 2, 4, 8 weeks.

Effects of brachytherapy on cytogenetic parameters and oxidative status in peripheral blood lymphocytes of gynecologic cancer patients.

Background: The state-of-the-art brachytherapy technologies with high-dose sources of Co and Ir within contemporary treatment protocols for cancer patients allow achieving maximum dose distribution in the clinical target and with minimum radiation exposure of surrounding organs and tissues. For minimization and overcoming the early and late radiation complications, development of respective radiobiological criteria along with perfecting of physical and technical characteristics of the ionizing radiation sources are required.

Aim: To study the effect of Ir radiation on the chromosomal aberrations and prooxidant/antioxidant status of blood lymphocytes in gynecological cancer patients.

Heterochromatin Networks: Topology, Dynamics, and Function (a Working Hypothesis).

Open systems can only exist by self-organization as pulsing structures exchanging matter and energy with the outer world. This review is an attempt to reveal the organizational principles of the heterochromatin supra-intra-chromosomal network in terms of nonlinear thermodynamics. The accessibility of the linear information of the genetic code is regulated by constitutive heterochromatin (CHR) creating the positional information in a system of coordinates.

Role of tumor/endothelial cell interactions in tumor growth and metastasis.

Background: It is known that interactions between tumor and endothelial cells have a significant influence on the growth and metastasis of malignant tumors.

Aim: To study the reciprocal effect of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and endothelial cells on the growth rate of each other upon their co-cultivation in vitro and to assess the contribution of such tumor/endothelial cell crosstalk to in vivo LLC growth and metastasis.

Materials And Methods: Two variants of Lewis lung carcinoma cells, high-metastatic (LLC) and low-metastatic (LLC/R9), and murine aorta endothelial cell line (MAEC) were used.

Expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in tumor cells and content of CXCL12-fibroblasts in endometrioid carcinoma of endometrium.

Background: The expression of the CXCL12 chemokine and its receptor CXCR4 in the stromal component of the tumor plays an important role in tumor cell migration, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis and determination of invasive and metastatic potential of malignant neoplasms of various genesis. The significance of CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression in endometrial tumor cells for cancer progression is not fully understood.

Aim: To evaluate the content of CXCL12-fibroblasts and expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in endometrial cancer cells, depending on the tumor stage.

Evaluation of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma patients based on expression of miR-99b, -144, -210, -222, -302а and -377 in tumor tissue.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common solid tumors in adults highly resistant to conventional therapies. The expression profile of a number of miRNAs correlates with RCC response to chemotherapeutic agents.

Aim: To identify the association of tumor miRNAs expression with neoadjuvant treatment response in patients with RCC.

Application of gold and silver nanoparticles for selective assay of spermine in mixture with spermidine.

Aim: To assess the applicability of the novel technique based on the detection of spermine in solutions by spectrocolorimetric method using gold and silver colloidal nanoparticles.

Materials And Methods: Colloidal solution of gold nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of tetrachlorauric acid with trisodium citrate. Colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles was obtained by chemical reduction of silver nitrate with tryptophan.

Comparative study of biochemical and morphological parameters in rats with Walker 256 and Walker 256/DOX carcinosarcoma.

Aim: To evaluate the changes of some biochemical blood plasma parameters and morphological structure of the internal organs of rats with transplanted doxorubicin (DOX)-sensitive (Walker 256) and doxorubicin-resistant (Walker 256/DOX) strains of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed on female Wistar rats with transplanted Walker 256 or Walker 256/DOX and intact animals (control). On the 9 day after transplantation of tumor cells, a comparative analysis of some blood plasma biochemical parameters and morphological examination of the liver, kidneys, myocardium and spleen of rats was carried out.

Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphoid neoplasms in post-COVID-19 pandemic era.

The 2017 revision of WHO Classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues contains separate chapters on the immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. In this mini-review, the brief description of pathological, immunophenotypical and clinical features of lymphoid neoplasms associated with primary immune disorders, HIV infection, those arising in post-transplant setting and other lymphoproliferative disorders (excluding those induced by radiation) is given. The heterogeneous spectrum of these lymphoid malignancies is specified by the nature of those factors that are capable to induce immune suppression or chronic antigenic stimulation of immune system.

Macrophage polarization in dynamics of Lewis lung carcinoma growth and metastasis.

Aim: To assess the functional state of macrophages based on various manifestations of their activity at the different stages of metastatic tumor growth in C57Bl mice.

Materials And Methods: On days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after Lewis lung carcinoma transplantation to C57Bl mice, macrophages from various anatomic sites were isolated and tested on their cytotoxicity, metabolic activity, NO production and arginase activity.

Results: In the populations of peritoneal and splenic macrophages, on days 7 and 21 of tumor growth antitumor (M1) cells prevailed while on days 14 and 28 tumor-promoting (M2) macrophages predominated.

Significance of expression of tumor-associated microRNA-21 and -375 for predicting the course of cancer of oral cavity.

Aim: To investigate the features of expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-375 in tumor cells of patients with cancer of oral cavity (COC) and to determine the possibility of their use to predict the aggressiveness of COC course.

Materials And Methods: The work is based on the results of examination and treatment of 50 patients with stage II-IV COC. miRNA expression in tumor cells was analyzed by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

ROS production by circulating phagocytes and Guerin carcinoma resistance to cisplatin.

Background: Tumor drug resistance remains a primary cause of unsuccessful cancer therapy. The search for biological markers of the sensitivity/resistance of malignant neoplasms to drug therapy is an urgent and important task, the solution of which will increase the effectiveness of anticancer chemotherapy.

Aim: To study the relationship between the functional activity (parameters of the phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production) of neutrophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood of rats with transplanted Guerin carcinoma and the degree of its sensitivity to cisplatin (Cpt).

Ornithine decarboxylase activity in prostate cancer.

Unlabelled: Prostate cancer (PCa), the most common solid malignant neoplasm in men, is characterized using the Gleason score and diagnosed using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) biomarker. However, Gleason score and PSA-based diagnostics are not universal and have significant limitations. It is supposed that the ornithine decarboxylase activity (A) could be a suitable auxiliary biomarker for the PCa diagnosis or monitoring the therapeutic efficacy.

IRIDIUM-192 RADIOTHERAPY BENEFITS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GYNECOLOGICAL TUMORS.

Background: Application of the most advanced radiation technologies of brachytherapy featuring the high dose ratesources i.e. 60Co and 192Ir within contemporary management protocols for gynecological cancer provides maximum dosedistribution in the clinical target along with minimal radiation exposure on surrounding organs and tissues.

Cytochrome P450 content in primary tumors and liver metastases of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Aim: To determine the content of low-spin form of cytochrome P450 in primary tumors and liver metastases of the patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and and assess its prognostic significance.

Materials And Methods: The levels of the oxidized and low-spin forms of cytochrome P450 in the tissues of patients with mCRC were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. To detect CYP 1A2 and CYP 1B1 isoforms, Western blot analysis was used.

Expression pattern of MRPS18 family genes in malignantly transformed b-cells.

Aim: To compare expression patterns of proteins of a family of mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18 (MRPS18) in tumor cell lines of the B-cell origin.

Materials And Methods: The study has been performed on different subsets of tonsil B-cells and tumor cell lines of the B-cell origin using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, bioinformatic analysis of the publicly available data bases on expression.

Results: We have found that genes of the MRPS18 family (1-3) show different expression patterns in tumor cell lines of the B-cell origin.

Modern views on the role of main components of stroma and tumor microinvironment in invasion, migration and metastasis.

The review presents modern ideas about tumor microenvironment, which most researchers recognize as the main "player" in tumor cell invasion, cell migration and metastasis. The current data on the main components of the stroma and the microenvironment, which play the role of the driving force in tumor progression, are analyzed. In particular, the review highlights the issues of origin, biological traits, phenotypic plasticity, functional heterogeneity of activated fibroblasts - myofibroblasts and tumor-associated fibroblasts, which in recent years have received much attention.

Molecular phenotype of high-grade endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium.

Background: Prognosis of the course of tumor progression is one of urgent problems of clinical oncology. A relevant specificity of endometrial cancer is its clinical polymorphism within the same histological type of the disease. The search for molecular-biological features associated with the aggressive phenotype of endometrioid carcinomas is indisputably urgent.

Expression of microRNA in tumor cells of endmetrioid carcinoma of endometrium.

Background: It is known that more than half of the genes encoding human proteins are regulated by various microRNAs (miRNAs, miR), the expression of which may be associated with various pathological conditions. At the same time, the question of assessing the relationship between the expression of particular miRNAs and the aggressive molecular subtype of endometrial cancer remains open. Aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the expression of miR-34a, miR-125b, miR-142 and miR-101 in endometrioid carcinomas of the endometrium (ECE) and the features of the disease course.

Tackling the acute radiation syndrome: Hemoperfusion with activated carbon revisited.

Almost three decades ago Dr. Nikolaev and co-authors reported a remarkable finding that a single-course low-volume hemoperfusion through uncoated spherical activated carbon led to a significant increase in survival of dogs acutely irradiated with X-rays of the dose of 5.25 Gy (Artif.

Association of circulating miR-21, -205, and -182 with response of luminal breast cancers to neoadjuvant FAC and AC treatment.

Aim: To identify the association of serum miRNAs with neoadjuvant polychemotherapy response in patients with breast cancer of luminal A and B subtypes.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the expression levels of circulating miR-21, -155, -182, -373, -199a, -205, -375 in serum of 182 breast cancer patients using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Each case was characterized by TMN criteria using morphological and immunohistochemical analyses.

Prognostic significance of microRNA-200b and ERCC1 expression in tumor cells of patients with esophageal cancer.

Background: The development of malignant tumors, including esophageal cancer (EC), could be associated with impaired expression of oncosuppressive miRNA-200b and еxcision repair cross-complementing group-1 (ERCC1), a protein involved in DNA repair and alternative splicing.

Aim: To investigate the features of expression of miRNA-200b and ERCC1 in tumor cells of patients with EC and to determine the possibility of their use for prediction of EC aggressiveness.

Materials And Methods: 52 patients with EC of stages II-IV were enrolled.

Biomagnetism of tumor in rats with Guerin's carcinoma after injection of ferromagnetic nanocomposite (Ferroplat): contactless measurement.

Aim: In order to develop fundamentally new technologies for non-invasive and safer diagnosis of cancer, we aimed to detect non-contact magnetic signals from a malignant tumor in animals treated or not-treated with the ferromagnetic nanocomposite Ferroplat.

Materials And Methods: Guerin's carcinoma was used as a model of tumor growth. The biomagnetism of the tumor was evaluated in the dynamics of its growth.

Functions of tumor-associated macrophages and macrophages residing in remote anatomical niches in Ehrlich carcinoma bearing mice.

Background: The impact of growing tumor on polarization and functions of tumor-associated macrophages is well known while its influence on residential macrophages occupying different anatomical niches reminds to be elucidated.

Aim: To study changes in polarization and functions of macrophages isolated from discrete anatomical niches in tumor-bearing mice at different stages of tumor growth.

Materials And Methods: Ehrlich carcinoma was transplanted intramuscularly to Balb/c male mice.