Effect of Frailty on Postoperative Outcomes Following Major Abdominal Surgeries: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Frailty poses unique challenges for patients undergoing major cancer surgeries due to their extreme vulnerability to physiological stressors and can be an important factor in determining postoperative outcomes.

Aims And Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of frailty in patients undergoing major abdominal cancer surgeries and identify the risk factors predicting poor outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted following institutional ethics approval and CTRI registration.

Author Response: Before the Stump Flow on the TCD in SAH can be Attributed to an SAH Relapse all Other Possible Causes must be Ruled Out.

Salhotra R. Author Response: Before the Stump Flow on the TCD in SAH can be Attributed to an SAH Relapse all Other Possible Causes must be Ruled Out. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):1085.

Hydroxytyrosol, a Component of Olive Oil for Breast Cancer Prevention in Women at High Risk of Cancer.

This study evaluates the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT), a component of olive oil, on mammographic breast density reduction. We explored effects of HT on Wnt -catenin and other pathways involved in cancer stem cell renewal, DNA repair, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Twenty-five milligrams per day oral dose of HT was given for 12 months in pre- and postmenopausal women at increased risk of breast cancer.

Spin-orbit interaction driven terahertz nonlinear dynamics in transition metals.

The interplay of electronic charge, spin, and orbital currents, coherently driven by picosecond long oscillations of light fields in spin-orbit coupled systems, is the foundation of emerging terahertz lightwave spintronics and orbitronics. The essential rules for how terahertz fields interact with these systems in a nonlinear way are still not understood. In this work, we demonstrate a universally applicable electronic nonlinearity originating from spin-orbit interactions in conducting materials, wherein the interplay of light-induced spin and orbital textures manifests.

analysis of the effect of HCV genotype-specific polymorphisms in Core, NS3, NS5A, and NS5B proteins on T-cell epitope processing and presentation.

Background: HCV genotypes are 30-35% polymorphic at the nucleotide level, while subtypes within the same genotype differ by nearly 20%. Although previous studies have shown the immune escape potential of several mutations within the HCV proteins, little is known about the effect of genotype/subtype-specific gene polymorphism on T-cell immunity. Therefore, this study employed several methods to examine the impact of genotype/subtype-specific polymorphisms in Core, NS3, NS5A, and NS5B sequences on T cell epitope processing and HLA-epitope interactions.

Superiority of native seed core microbiomes in the suppression of bacterial wilt disease.

Introduction: Native endophytic microorganisms in tobacco seeds are closely related to their resistance to () infections. However, the role of the native seed core microbiome in the suppression of bacterial wilt disease (BWD) remains underexplored.

Methods: The characteristics of endophytic bacterial communities in both resistant and susceptible tobacco varieties were characterized using high-throughput sequencing technology.

Diagnostic Ability and Correlation of Digital C-Methionine PET/CT in Primary Hyperparathyroidism with Inconclusive Standard Imaging.

Purpose: C-Methionine PET/CT is a promising method for detecting parathyroid lesions in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). We aimed to determine the diagnostic ability and correlation of digital C-Methionine PET/CT for parathyroid lesions in patients with PHPT, particularly in cases where standard imaging methods yielded inconclusive results.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with PHPT who underwent digital C-Methionine PET/CT imaging because of ambiguous results on standard imaging work-up (Tc-MIBI parathyroid scan and/or neck ultrasonography).

Impact of the external knee flexion moment on patello-femoral loading derived from loads and kinematics.

Introduction: Anterior knee pain and other patello-femoral (PF) complications frequently limit the success of total knee arthroplasty as the final treatment of end stage osteoarthritis. However, knowledge about the loading conditions at the PF joint remains limited, as no direct measurements are available. We hypothesised that the external knee flexion moment (EFM) is highly predictive of the PF contact forces during activities with substantial flexion of the loaded knee.

Discovery of Novel Na1.7-Selective Inhibitors with the 1-Indole-3-Propionamide Scaffold for Effective Pain Relief.

Na1.7 is considered a promising target for developing next-generation analgesic drugs, given its critical role in human pain pathologies. Although most reported inhibitors with strong in vitro activity and high selectivity share the aryl sulfonamide scaffold, they failed to demonstrate marked clinical efficacy.

Assessing the Impact of Patient-Specific Instrumentation and Fixation on Accuracy and Radiation Exposure in a Cadaveric Model of Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

Background: Traditional freehand techniques in high tibial osteotomy (HTO) have been shown to lack precision and accuracy. Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and fixation created from cross-sectional imaging have recently been introduced to address this problem.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of the study was to compare traditional freehand techniques versus PSI in a human cadaveric model of HTO.

The Creation of the Arabic Version of the Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL©) with Validation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation.

Purpose: Hyperhidrosis (HH) is characterized by excessive sweating, which can significantly affect quality of life. The Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL©) is the latest tool that has been developed and validated for assessing the quality of life of patients with HH. Because of the absence of an Arabic version of the HidroQoL©, this research aimed to create, validate, and adapt the HidroQoL© into Arabic.

Prophylactic clemastine treatment improves influenza A virus-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice.

Respiratory infection by influenza A virus (IAV) is known to cause systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. We previously found that experimental infection with IAV affected oligodendrocyte homeostasis, which was associated with altered expression of genes involved in myelin maintenance as well as the lipidome. In this study, we sought to determine if clemastine, an antihistamine with myelin promoting properties, could reverse the effects of IAV on oligodendrocyte (OL) specific genes, as well as mitigate infection-induced cognitive impairment.

Exploring the Causal Relationship Between Frailty and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Insights From Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Analysis.

Background: Observational studies have underscored a robust association between frailty and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet the causality remains equivocal.

Methods: This study employed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Univariable MR investigated the causal relationship between frailty and COPD.

Upconverter loaded MoS counter electrode for broadband dye-sensitized solar cell applications.

An interesting approach of including an upconverter in the MoS counter electrode can yield broadband light harvesting Pt-free DSSC assembly. Here different upconverter (UC) nanoparticles (Yb, Er incorporated NaYF, YF, CeO & YO) were synthesized and loaded in MoS thin film by hydrothermal method. The inclusion of UCs in MoS films exposed without any secondary formation of upconverters and the uniform deposition of the films are confirmed through XRD and FESEM analysis respectively.

Spatiotemporal variation in size-dependent growth rates in small isolated populations of Arctic charr ().

As a key life-history trait, growth rates are often used to measure individual performance and to inform parameters in demographic models. Furthermore, intraspecific trait variation generates diversity in nature. Therefore, partitioning out and understanding drivers of spatiotemporal variation in growth rate is of fundamental interest in ecology and evolution.

Consistency and individuality of honeybee stinging behaviour across time and social contexts.

Whether individuals exhibit consistent behavioural variation is a central question in the field of animal behaviour. This question is particularly interesting in the case of social animals, as their behaviour may be strongly modulated by the collective. In this study, we ask whether honeybees exhibit individual differences in stinging behaviour.

Analysis of over 1600 chemistry YouTube channels from 2005 to 2023.

Chemistry has found broad appeal on the freely available global video-sharing platform YouTube, with some YouTube videos even being cited in the peer-reviewed chemistry literature. By applying both manual and semi-automated search methods, we identified, categorized and analysed publicly available data for 1619 chemistry YouTube channels that were available in 2023. Forty-nine per cent of channels were active in 12 months prior to sampling.

Does fast running limit numerical variability of the vertebral column in rabbits and hares (Leporidae: Lagomorpha)?

In mammalian vertebral columns, locomotive ability is expected to be an evolutionary driver of variation in the number of vertebrae; in species evolved to run fast or have a flexible vertebral column, they generally have limited numerical variation and low occurrence of malformed vertebrae to maintain their running performance. Although this hypothesis is supported among species sharing similar locomotive constraints (e.g.

Reconstruction of feeding behaviour and diet in Devonian ctenacanth chondrichthyans using dental microwear texture and finite element analyses.

Devonian ctenacanth chondrichthyans reached body sizes similar to modern great white sharks and therefore might have been apex predators of the Devonian seas. However, very little is known about the diet and feeding behaviours of these large ancestral sharks. To reconstruct their ecological properties, teeth of the large Famennian (Late Devonian) chondrichthyan from the Anti-Atlas, Morocco, were analysed.

A novel imatinib analogue inhibitor of chronic myeloid leukaemia: design, synthesis and characterization-explanation of its folded conformation.

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is primarily treated using imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting the BCR::ABL1 oncoprotein. However, the development of drug resistance and adverse side effects necessitate the exploration of alternative therapeutic agents. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a novel imatinib analogue, 3-chloro--(2-methyl-5-((4-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide (PAPP1).

Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, ADMET prediction, molecular docking and dynamics studies of pyridine and thiophene moiety-containing chalcones.

In this study, three pyridine- and four thiophene-containing chalcone derivatives were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction, where five derivatives were new. Different spectral analyses (IR, H NMR, HRMS) clarified the structures and these proposed compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity by the agar disc diffusion technique. Compound was conspicuously active against most of the bacterial and fungal strains.

QRISK 3 and ASCVD Risk Calculator in Patients with Diabetes and Their Correlation with Coronary Artery Calcium Scores.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for asymptomatic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The QRISK 3 score and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores determine the risk of developing CVD over 10 years. The CT coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is a non-invasive imaging modality that identifies sub-clinical atherosclerosis.

Role of Long-Acting Porcine Sequence ACTH (Acton Prolongatum) Stimulated Cortisol in Assessing Glucocorticoid Status in COVID-19 Patients.

Introduction: Conflicting research on cortisol levels and COVID-19 mortality prompted this study to comprehensively assess glucocorticoid status, its links to severity and outcomes, and the role of Acton prolongatum-stimulated cortisol.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study, conducted in 100 RT-PCR-positive COVID-19 patients of mild, moderate, and severe grades from June 2021 to May 2023. Random cortisol, plasma ACTH, and action prolongatum stimulated cortisol were measured, categorized, and analyzed.

Estimation of leaf area index by combining multi-source remote sensing data and machine learning optimization model.

The Leaf Area Index (LAI) is an essential parameter that affects the exchange of energy and materials between the vegetative canopy and the surrounding environment. Estimating LAI using machine learning models with remote sensing data has become a prevalent method for large-scale LAI estimation. However, existing machine learning models have exhibited various flaws, hindering the accurate estimation of LAI.

Characteristics of vocal cues, facial action units, and emotions that distinguish high from low self-protection participants engaged in self-protective response to self-criticizing.

Introduction: Self-protection, also called protective anger or assertive anger, is a key factor in mental health. Thus, far, researchers have focused mainly on the qualitative analysis of self-protection.

Methods: Therefore, we investigated facial action units, emotions, and vocal cues in low and high self-protective groups of participants in order to detect any differences.