Short-term efficacy and safety of PreserFlo MicroShunt in Japanese patients with medically treated primary open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of PreserFlo MicroShunt (PMS) combined with mitomycin C in patients with medically treated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Study Design: A retrospective observational study.

Methods: The study examined 83 eyes from 83 patients with medically treated glaucoma surgery naive POAG.

FadA antigen of Fusobacterium nucleatum: implications for ceRNA network in colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps progression.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The gut microbiota, along with adenomatous polyps (AP), has emerged as a plausible contributor to CRC progression. This study aimed to scrutinize the impact of the FadA antigen derived from Fusobacterium nucleatum on the expression levels of the ANXA2 ceRNA network and assess its relevance to CRC advancement.

Molecular mechanism of osteoclast differentiation of PBMC in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition that causes severe joint deformities and impaired functionality, affecting the well-being and daily life of individuals. Consequently, there is a pressing demand for identifying viable therapeutic targets for treating RA. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of osteoclast differentiation in PBMC from patients with RA through transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Teaching Spirituality in Nursing: A Bibliometric Analysis.

The study of spirituality in nursing education has become an emerging academic field, making it important to understand its evolution using bibliometric indicators. To achieve this, a search was conducted on July 8, 2024, using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Titles and abstracts were screened in Rayyan, and data analysis was performed using Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny in the R language.

Modulation of Intestinal Inflammation and Protection of Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson's Disease Mice through a Probiotic Formulation Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Emerging evidence highlights the significance of peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and suggests the gut as a viable therapeutic target. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of the probiotic formulation VSL#3 and its underlying mechanism in a PD mouse model induced by MPTP. Following MPTP administration, the striatal levels of dopamine and its metabolites, as along with the survival rate of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, were significantly reduced in PD mice.

Therapeutic Management in Elderly Male Breast Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review.

Purpose Of Review: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare entity which often arises in elderly people. Aim of this review is to evaluate the principal issues related to MBC in elderly, because the therapeutic management of disease is not only related to the biological behavior of the tumor, but also to the comorbidities and frailty of older population. A scoping literature review was performed on Pubmed and Cochrane Database using the following keywords: therapeutic management/ male/ breast cancer/ elderly patients.

Associations of fat, bone, and muscle indices with disease severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) severity and fat, bone, and muscle indices.

Methods: This study included 102 patients with OSAHS and retrospectively reviewed their physical examination data. All patients underwent polysomnography, body composition analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography (CT) and blood test.

Reducing Healing Period with DDM/rhBMP-2 Grafting for Early Loading in Dental Implant Surgery.

Background: Traditionally, dental implants require a healing period of 4 to 9 months for osseointegration, with longer recovery times considered when bone grafting is needed. This retrospective study evaluates the clinical efficacy of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) during dental implant placement to expedite the osseointegration period for early loading.

Methods: Thirty patients (17 male, 13 female; mean age 55.

Multidimensional fatigue and its impact on work productivity, mood and quality of life in long-term survivors following definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) can lead to late toxicity. Fatigue is a known debilitating issue for many cancer survivors, yet prevalence and severity of long-term fatigue in patients treated for OPC is unknown.

Method: As part of a mixed-methods study, fatigue in OPC patients ≥ 2 years post RT + / - chemotherapy was evaluated.

The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on the Development of Adolescent Risk-Taking: The Mediating Effect of Self-Control and Moderating Effect of Genetic Variations.

Risk-taking is a concerning yet prevalent issue during adolescence and can be life-threatening. Examining its etiological sources and evolving pathways helps inform strategies to mitigate adolescents' risk-taking behavior. Studies have found that unfavorable environmental factors, such as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), are associated with momentary levels of risk-taking in adolescents, but little is known about whether ACEs shape the developmental trajectory of risk-taking.

Design, synthesis, and in vitro antitumor evaluation of novel benzimidazole acylhydrazone derivatives.

This study focuses on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of benzimidazole derivatives for their anti-tumor activity against A549 and PC-3 cells. Initial screening using the MTT assay identified compound 5m as the most potent inhibitor of A549 cells with an IC of 7.19 μM, which was superior to the positive agents 5-Fluorouracil and Gefitinib.

P2YR-IGFBP2 signaling: new contributor to astrocyte-neuron communication.

In a recent article published in Nature Communications (Shigetomi et al Nat Commun 15(1):6525, 2024), Shigetomi et al. identified that upregulated astrocytic purinergic P2Y receptors (P2YR), acting via the downstream molecule, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), play a crucial role in neuronal hyperexcitability. In epilepsy and stroke models, P2YR-IGFBP2 signaling was found to mediate astrocyte-driven neuronal hyperexcitability and so is a new contributor to astrocyte-neuron communication.

Multi-gate neuron-like transistors based on ensembles of aligned nanowires on flexible substrates.

The intriguing way the receptors in biological skin encode the tactile data has inspired the development of electronic skins (e-skin) with brain-inspired or neuromorphic computing. Starting with local (near sensor) data processing, there is an inherent mechanism in play that helps to scale down the data. This is particularly attractive when one considers the huge data produced by large number of sensors expected in a large area e-skin such as the whole-body skin of a robot.

Unraveling the controversy: exploring the link between sex hormones and skin cancers through a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Skin cancers continue to present unresolved challenges, particularly regarding the association with sex hormones, which remains a topic of controversy. A systematic review is currently warranted to address these issues. To analyze if sex hormones result in a higher incidence of skin cancers (cutaneous melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma).

A New Instrument to Define Parental Fear Regarding Feeding Their Children: A Reliability and Validity Study.

This study aimed to develop the 'Fear of Feeding My Child- A Parental Report (FF-PR)', which measures the parental fear of feeding their children, and to determine its reliability and validity. The study consists of the developmental phase and reported the content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct, criterion, and discriminant validity. The study included two groups; 'Group I (N = 90)' who had a neurological disorder and their parents, and 'Group II (N = 60)' who were typically developing children without any feeding and swallowing problems and their parents.

Alterations of amino acids in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia.

Metabolomics provide a promising tool for understanding dementia pathogenesis and identifying novel biomarkers. This study aimed to identify amino acid biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Vascular Dementia (VD). By amino acid metabolomics, the concentrations of amino acids were determined in the serum of AD and VD patients as well as age-matched healthy controls.

Ritlecitinib, a JAK3 /TEC inhibitor, modulates the markers of celiac autoimmunity in alopecia areata and vitiligo patients.

Background: Celiac disease (CeD) has shown an association with autoimmune disorders including vitiligo and alopecia areata (AA). Ritlecitinib, a JAK3 and TEC kinase family inhibitor, has been approved for treatment of patients with AA and is in late-stage development for vitiligo. Ritlecitinib inhibits cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, and B cells which play a role in the pathogenesis of CeD.

Efficacy of birthing ball exercises to reduce labor pain and cesarean rates: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: This updated systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of a birthing ball (BB) exercises on low-risk parturients during labor, offering a more comprehensive understanding through a larger sample size, robust analysis, and focus on relevant endpoints that were underexplored in previous studies due to limited data.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Central for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing BB (also named Swiss ball) exercises with no intervention or standard care in parturients undergoing low-risk labor. Risk ratios (RR) and mean differences (MD) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Effects of gut microbiota and metabolites on the host defense peptide expression.

The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which pose significant threats to animal health and food safety. Host defense peptides (HDPs) have emerged as promising alternatives because of their unique antimicrobial properties and minimal resistance induction. However, the high costs associated with HDP production and incorporation into animal management practices hinder their widespread application.

Comparison of the amyloid plaque proteome in Down syndrome, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Down syndrome (DS) is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to APP overexpression, exhibiting Amyloid-β (Aβ) and Tau pathology similar to early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset AD (LOAD). We evaluated the Aβ plaque proteome of DS, EOAD, and LOAD using unbiased localized proteomics on post-mortem paraffin-embedded tissues from four cohorts (n = 20/group): DS (59.8 ± 4.

Associations between bone material strength index and FRAX scores.

Introduction: Impact microindentation (IMI) measures bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. However, its ability to predict fractures is still uncertain. This study aimed to determine the association between BMSi and 10 year fracture probability, as calculated by the FRAX algorithm.

Self-Compassion and Psychosocial Well-Being After Traumatic Births: Caring for the Midwife.

Introduction: Midwives report high rates of exposure to traumatic births that can negatively affect their psychosocial well-being. Self-compassion can be considered as a tool to promote psychosocial well-being. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of midwives' exposure to traumatic births and explore midwives' self-compassion and its correlation to their psychosocial well-being in relation to experiences of traumatic births.

Efficacy and safety of KN026 and docetaxel for HER2-positive breast cancer: a phase II clinical trial.

Background: The standard first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer currently includes pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and docetaxel. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of KN026, an anti-HER2 bispecific antibody, plus docetaxel in first-line treatment of HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II study enrolled patients with HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer in 19 centers across China from December 30, 2019 to May 27, 2021.

Probing the Interaction Mechanisms of Dodecane and Mica/Calcite: Implications for Oil Recovery.

Understanding the interfacial interaction mechanisms between oil and minerals is of vital importance in the applications of petroleum production and environmental protection. In this work, the interactions of dodecane with mica and calcite in aqueous media were investigated by using the drop probe technique based on atomic force microscopy. For the dodecane-mica interactions, the electrical double layer (EDL) repulsion dominated in 10 mM NaCl solution, and a higher pH facilitated the detachment of dodecane.

X-ray Responsive Antioxidant Drug-Free Hydrogel for Treatment of Radiation Skin Injury.

Radiotherapy (RT) is widely applied in tumor therapy, but inevitable side effects, especially for skin radiation injury, are still a fatal problem and life-threatening challenge for tumor patients. The main components of topical radiation protection preparations currently available on the market are antioxidants, such as SOD, which are limited by their unstable activity and short duration of action, making it difficult to achieve the effects of radiation protection and skin radiation damage treatment. Therefore, we designed a drug-free antioxidant hydrogel patch with encapsulated bioactive epidermal growth factor (EGF) for the treatment of radiation skin injury.