Constraining safe and unsafe overshoots in saddle-node bifurcations.

We consider a dynamical system undergoing a saddle-node bifurcation with an explicitly time-dependent parameter p(t). The combined dynamics can be considered a dynamical system where p is a slowly evolving parameter. Here, we investigate settings where the parameter features an overshoot.

Health Expenditures of Patients With Diabetes After Bariatric Surgery: Comparing Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) differ in their effects on body weight and risk for reoperation. However, it is unclear whether long-term health expenditures differ by procedure type in patients with diabetes.

Objective: To compare health expenditures 3 years before and 5.

The Association of Epstein-Barr Virus Donor and Recipient Serostatus With Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation : A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Prior studies indicate that 1% to 4% of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seronegative recipients of EBV-seropositive donor (EBV D+/R-) kidneys develop posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). However, these estimates are based on limited data that lack granularity.

Objective: To determine the associations between pretransplant EBV D+/R- and recipient EBV-seropositive status (R+) and the outcomes of PTLD and graft and patient survival among adult kidney transplant recipients.

Guidelines International Network: Principles for Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Health Guideline Enterprise.

Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise.

Effects of Noise and Public Setting on Blood Pressure Readings : A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Background: Guidelines emphasize quiet settings for blood pressure (BP) measurement.

Objective: To determine the effect of noise and public environment on BP readings.

Design: Randomized crossover trial of adults in Baltimore, Maryland.

Correlates of Cetuximab Efficacy in Recurrent and Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Previously Treated With Immunotherapy.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are now first-line therapy for most patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC), and cetuximab is most often used as subsequent therapy. However, data describing cetuximab efficacy in the post-ICI setting are limited.

Methods: We performed a single-institution retrospective analysis of patients with R/M HNSCC treated with cetuximab, either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, after receiving an ICI.

Sequential Proteomic and N-Glycoproteomic Analyses of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids for Potential Biomarker Discovery of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological subtype of nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Herein, a multiomics method, which combined proteomic and N-glycoproteomic analyses, was developed to analyze the normal and cancerous bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) from six LUAD patients to identify potential biomarkers of LUAD. The data-independent acquisition proteomic analysis was first used to analyze BALFs, which identified 59 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs).

The misalignment of incentives in academic publishing and implications for journal reform.

For most researchers, academic publishing serves two goals that are often misaligned-knowledge dissemination and establishing scientific credentials. While both goals can encourage research with significant depth and scope, the latter can also pressure scholars to maximize publication metrics. Commercial publishing companies have capitalized on the centrality of publishing to the scientific enterprises of knowledge dissemination and academic recognition to extract large profits from academia by leveraging unpaid services from reviewers, creating financial barriers to research dissemination, and imposing substantial fees for open access.

Carbonate fluorapatite coatings on phillipsite represent a significant sink of phosphorus in abyssal plains of the western Pacific Ocean.

As an essential micronutrient, phosphorus plays a key role in oceanic biogeochemistry, with its cycling intimately connected to the global carbon cycle and climate change. Authigenic carbonate fluorapatite (CFA) has been suggested to represent a significant phosphorus sink in the deep ocean, but its formation mechanisms in oceanic low-productivity settings remain poorly constrained. Applying X-ray absorption near edge structure, transmission electron microscopy, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer analyses, we report a unique mineral assemblage where CFA crystals coat phillipsite in abyssal sediments of the East Mariana Basin and the Philippine Sea.

Rational Design of Nanozymes for Engineered Cascade Catalytic Cancer Therapy.

Nanozymes have shown significant potential in cancer catalytic therapy by strategically catalyzing tumor-associated substances and metabolites into toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) , thereby inducing oxidative stress and promoting cancer cell death. However, within the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), the rational design of nanozymes and factors like activity, reaction substrates, and the TME itself significantly influence the efficiency of ROS generation. To address these limitations, recent research has focused on exploring the factors that affect activity and developing nanozyme-based cascade catalytic systems, which can trigger two or more cascade catalytic processes within tumors, thereby producing more therapeutic substances and achieving efficient and stable cancer therapy with minimal side effects.

Effects of femoral neck width and hip Axis length on incident hip fracture risk: a registry-based cohort study.

Bone mineral density (BMD) measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is widely used in clinical practice to assess fracture risk and guide management. DXA can also assess hip geometry, including femoral neck width (FNW) and hip axis length (HAL), which have both been associated with increased risk for hip fracture independently from BMD. Our objective was to assess if FNW predicts hip fracture independently from other factors including HAL.

Highly Optimized CNS Penetrant Inhibitors of EGFR Exon20 Insertion Mutations.

Despite recent advances in the inhibition of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), there remains a clinical need for new EGFR Exon20 insertion (Ex20Ins) inhibitors that spare EGFR WT. Herein, we report the discovery and optimization of two chemical series leading to ether and biaryl as potent, selective, and brain-penetrant inhibitors of Ex20Ins mutants. Building on our earlier discovery of alkyne which allowed access to CNS property space for an Ex20Ins inhibitor, we utilized structure-based design to move to lower lipophilicity and lower CL compounds while maintaining a WT selectivity margin.

Nickel-Catalyzed Electroreductive Sulfuration of Alkyl Alcohols with Pyridyl Thioesters.

We demonstrate here an efficient and facile Ni-catalyzed electrochemical cross-electrophile thiolation approach for readily available alkyl alcohols with pyridyl thioesters. This C(sp)-S bond-forming modular strategy displays extensive substrate adaptability and good functional group tolerance, which allows the production of a range of alkyl sulfides with specific chemoselectivity. Furthermore, the potential applications of this methodology are illustrated by last-stage modification of bioactive molecules and sulfinylative cross-couplings.

Accumulation of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides during Lychee Pulp Fermentation with Involves Endoglucanase Expression.

In the current work, lychee pulp was subjected to ATCC 14917 fermentation, leading to a substantial increase (2.32-2.67-fold) in water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP).

Risk of Cancers According to the Use of Biological Agents in Patients With Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: As the duration of use of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) accumulates over time, long-term real-world safety data on cancer risk are needed. This study assessed the association between tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) and interleukin 17 inhibitors (IL-17is) exposures and cancer risk in patients with r-axSpA.

Methods: From the Korean nationwide database, we assembled 41,889 patients without prior history of cancer who were diagnosed with r-axSpA from 2010 onwards.

Daytime DNase-I Administration Protects Mice From Ischemic Stroke Without Inducing Bleeding or tPA-Induced Hemorrhagic Transformation, Even With Aspirin Pretreatment.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke treatment typically involves tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) or tenecteplase, but about 50% of patients do not achieve successful reperfusion. The causes of tPA resistance, influenced by thrombus composition and timing, are not fully clear. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), associated with poor outcomes and reperfusion resistance, contribute to thrombosis.

Poor Olfaction and Risk of Stroke in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Background: Poor olfaction may be associated with adverse cerebrovascular events, but empirical evidence is limited. We aimed to investigate the association of olfaction with the risk of stroke in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Methods: We included 5799 older adults with no history of stroke at baseline from 2011 to 2013 (75.

Adverse childhood experiences and psychological, sexual, and physical forms of intimate partner violence in Nepal.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) among married couples in Nepal as well as the relationships among ACEs, IPV (psychological, sexual, physical), and psychological distress.

Method: The sample comprised the control group ( = 720) of a cluster randomized intervention trial among married women in Nepal. Interviewers assessed ACEs, IPV, quality of life, self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms among participants.

Triatoma venosa and Panstrongylus geniculatus challenge the certification of interruption of vectorial Trypanosoma cruzi transmission by Rhodnius prolixus in eastern Colombia.

Reactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission by native vectors with different domiciliation capabilities is a major concern for Chagas disease control programs. T. cruzi transmission via intra-domestic Rhodnius prolixus was certified as interrupted by the Pan American Health Organization in Miraflores municipality (Boyacá, Colombia) in 2019.

PbOI: A Lead Oxyhalide IR Optical Crystal with an Unprecedented [OPb] Chain Featuring a Wide Transmittance Range and Large Birefringence.

Among the infrared (IR) optical material systems, the heavy-metal oxyhalide system has become an emerging system in recent years. Introducing heavy-metal cations and halogen anions with large atomic numbers is conducive to widening the IR transparency window and improving the birefringence value. Our experiments focus on the PbO-PbI system and find a new lead oxyhalide, PbOI.

Association of P2X7 polymorphisms on Type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility and diabetic complications.

Objectives: This case-control study aims to clarify the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the P2X7 gene on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to evaluate their association with diabetic complications.

Methods: This study is comprised with 200 T2DM cases and 200 healthy controls. Seven candidate SNP loci were screened, and TaqMan-MGB real-time PCR technology was used to determine the polymorphic variants of P2X7.

Identification and validation of key autophagy-related genes in lupus nephritis by bioinformatics and machine learning.

Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most frequent and serious organic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autophagy, a new form of programmed cell death, has been implicated in a variety of renal diseases, but the relationship between autophagy and LN remains unelucidated.

Methods: We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in kidney tissues from 14 LN patients and 7 normal controls using the GSE112943 dataset.