A Military-Civilian Training Partnership for Army Nurses.

Background: In 2018, the U.S. Army Surgeon General created the Army Medical Department Military-Civilian Trauma Team Training (AMCT3) program to enhance the clinical proficiency of medical personnel serving on Army trauma teams called forward resuscitative surgical detachments (FRSDs).

Tensile force promotes osteogenic differentiation via ephrinB2-EphB4 signaling pathway in orthodontic tooth movement.

Objective: To investigating whether osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts promoted by tension force (TF) is mediated by ephrinB2-EphB4 signaling.

Methods: TF was applied to MC3T3-E1 cells, then CCK-8 and live/dead staining were used to detect cell proliferation. Levels of osteogenic differentiation-related factors were detected by ALP staining, ARS staining, qPCR and western blot.

Bisecting GlcNAc modification of vesicular GAS6 regulates CAFs activation and breast cancer metastasis.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a pivotal component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), playing key roles in tumor initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. While glycosylation is known to regulate various cellular processes, its impact on CAFs activation remains insufficiently explored.

Methods: We assessed the correlation between bisecting GlcNAc levels and CAFs markers (α-SMA, PDGFRA, PDGFRB) in breast cancer tissues.

Identification of quality markers and mechanisms of Anzi Tiaochong Fang in the treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome-related recurrent pregnancy loss: chemical analysis, network pharmacology, and in vitro approaches.

Introduction: Anzi Tiaochong Fang (ATF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Fangji widely used to treat antiphospholipid syndrome-related recurrent pregnancy loss (APS-RPL). This study aimed to identify the quality markers and elucidate the mechanisms of ATF in treating APS-RPL.

Methods: Chemical, network pharmacology, and in vitro verification were employed to identify quality markers and mechanisms of ATF.

Use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy combined with standard rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common sports injuries, accounting for approximately 50% of knee-related injuries. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), in the form of the radial (R-SWT) or focused shockwave (F-SWT), has been shown effective in treating various orthopaedic conditions. Recently, studies have investigated whether ESWT combined with standard rehabilitation may improve outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

The status and influencing factors of death anxiety among Chinese college students under the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To comprehend the current state of death anxiety among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyze its influencing factors, and provide recommendations for mitigating death anxiety among these students.

Methods: From March to May 2023, utilizing a cluster sampling method, students from three universities in Changzhou, Jiangsu, were selected as research participants. The investigation employed a general information questionnaire, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Chinese Version Templer-Death Anxiety Scale (CT-DAS), and the brief version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10).

A relevant investigation of the degree of cement diffusion after robot-assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty.

The aim of this research was to conduct randomized trials assessing the extent of cement diffusion following robot-assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty (R-PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). A total of 96 OVCF patients meeting the inclusion criteria and admitted between January 2023 and November 2023 were included in the study. Among them, 48 patients were assigned to the robotic-assisted PVP group (R-PVP group) and 48 patients were assigned to the traditional PVP group (PVP group).

Relationship of asprosin and diabetes: a meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, has become a serious hazard to human health in the recent decades. Previous research suggests that asprosin may contribute to the development of diabetes by regulating glucose homeostasis, appetite, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. Although some studies have shown that asprosin levels are higher in patients with diabetes than in healthy individuals, the association between asprosin levels and diabetes remains controversial.

Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mpox is a viral zoonotic disease that has seen a resurgence in recent years, with outbreaks reaching beyond its traditional endemic zones in Central and West Africa to parts of Europe and North America. The relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and mpox outcomes, particularly hospitalization rates, remains underexplored despite the known immunosuppressive effects of HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between HIV infection and the likelihood of hospitalization in mpox cases.

The clinical value of serum sirtuin-1 concentration in the diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and can affect individuals without producing any symptoms. We aimed to explore the value of serum sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1) in the diagnosis of MASLD.

Methods: This case-control study analyzed data collected from 190 individuals aged 20 to 60 years.

Potential alternative and novel biomarkers for paediatric MAFLD: exploratory evidence from a Chinese cohort.

Background: While the associations between pediatric non-obese metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and multiple diagnostic biomarkers are well-established, the role of a broader range of blood-based, urine-based, and body composition-based biomarkers for monitoring MAFLD are needed.

Methods: A pediatric cohort was established in Wuxi, China. We measured body composition biomarkers, blood-based and urine-based biomarkers, and liver stiffness in participants to diagnose MAFLD and identify alternative and novel potential biomarkers for MAFLD.

Safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 93,057 minor stroke patients.

Background: The definition of minor ischemic stroke (MIS) is a topic of debate, however, the most accepted definition is a stroke with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≤ 5. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a crucial treatment option for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) including: alteplase, recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA), and the recently approved tenecteplase. However, there is a debate regarding its safety and efficacy.

Clinical and Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain characteristics of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in Changping District, Beijing, China.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), However, limited research exists on their clinical and strain characteristics. This study aims to investigate the correlation between these factors in TB-DM patients in Changping District.  METHODS: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and drug susceptibility tests (DST) were performed on culture-positive strains.

Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal the role of calcium sugar alcohol in the regulation of phenolic acid biosynthesis in Torreya grandis nuts.

Background: Torreya grandis, a prominent tree species of the autochthonous subtropical region of China, possesses a drupe-like fruit containing a nut that is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, the effect of calcium (Ca) sugar alcohol (CSA), a newly developed chelated Ca-fertilizer, on the secondary metabolism of phenolics in T. grandis nuts is largely unknown, for which transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis was carried out.

The accumulation of harmful genes within the ROH hotspot regions of the Tibetan sheep genome does not lead to genetic load.

Background: Prolonged natural selection and artificial breeding have contributed to increased uniformity within the Tibetan sheep population, resulting in a reduction in genetic diversity and the establishment of selective signatures in the genome. This process has led to a loss of heterozygosity in specific genomic regions and the formation of Runs of Homozygosity (ROH). Current research on ROH predominantly focuses on inbreeding and the signals of selection; however, there is a paucity of investigation into the genetic load and selective pressures associated with ROH, both within these regions and beyond.

Isolation, characterization and therapeutic efficacy of lytic bacteriophage ZK22 against Salmonella Typhimurium in mice.

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the most common serovars of Salmonella associated with clinical cases. It not only leads to diarrhea and mortality raised in livestock and poultry farming, but also poses a risk to food safety.

Results: In this study, a lytic bacteriophage named ZK22 was isolated and identified from sewage.

The relationships among positive coping style, psychological resilience, and fear of falling in older adults.

Objectives: Fear of falling is a psychological issue that adversely impacts the health of elderly individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation among positive coping styles, psychological resilience, and fear of falling in older adults. The mediating role of psychological resilience was also investigated.

Chronic restraint stress affects the diurnal rhythms of gut microbial composition and metabolism in a mouse model of depression.

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis, which disturbs the metabolism of the host. While diurnal oscillation of the intestinal microbiota is involved in regulating host metabolism, the characteristics of the intestinal microbial circadian rhythm in depression remain unknown. Our aim was to investigate the microbial circadian oscillation signature and related metabolic pathways in a mouse model with depression-like behaviours.

Genomic selection strategies to overcome genotype by environment interactions in biosecurity-based aquaculture breeding programs.

Background: Family-based selective breeding programs typically employ both between-family and within-family selection in aquaculture. However, these programs may exhibit a reduced genetic gain in the presence of a genotype by environment interactions (G × E) when employing biosecurity-based breeding schemes (BS), compared to non-biosecurity-based breeding schemes (NBS). Fortunately, genomic selection shows promise in improving genetic gain by taking within-family variance into account.

Wealth is health: High economic status in Cameroon correlates with protective gear use in traffic injuries and improved clinical outcomes.

Introduction: Africa is the least motorized populated continent, yet it experiences the highest traffic fatality rate. Despite laws mandating helmet and seatbelt use, data on protective gear use among Cameroonian road traffic injury (RTI) patients remains sparse.

Methods: We extracted Cameroon Trauma Registry data prospectively collected from 10 hospitals during July 2022 to December 2023.

Assessment of surface roughness and microbiological retention on custom abutments produced by different techniques and materials.

The aims of this study were twofold: first, to investigate the surface roughness of different abutment materials prepared using various manufacturing methods; and, second, to evaluate colonization by Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans according to abutment material and manufacturing method. Six material/manufacturing method combinations were investigated in this study, namely chromium-cobalt (Cr-Co) (prepared using casting, milling, and laser sintering) and titanium, zirconia, and anodized titanium (all prepared using milling); titanium (stock) abutments were used as the control group. Surface roughness of seven specimens from each group was evaluated using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Discovery of Novel Neonicotinoids with Conjugated Diene Enabled by Cascade Allylation/Isomerization Synthetic Methodology.

As one of the most significant insecticides, neonicotinoids have played a pivotal role in crop protection and public sanitation. However, the high resistance and bee toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides have attracted considerable attention. Herein, a series of neonicotinoid compounds with conjugated diene moieties were synthesized through the cascade allylation/isomerization reaction.

IFN-γ reprograms cardiac microvascular endothelial cells to mediate doxorubicin transport and influences the sensitivity of mice to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a first-line chemotherapy agent known for its cardiac toxicity. DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) severely limits the use for treating malignant tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis. The sensitivity to DIC varies among patients, but the precise mechanisms remain elusive.

Triple-negative breast cancer modifies the systemic immune landscape and alters neutrophil functionality.

Cancer disrupts intratumoral innate-adaptive immune crosstalk, but how the systemic immune landscape evolves during breast cancer progression remains unclear. We profiled circulating immune cells in stage I-III and stage IV triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients and healthy donors (HDs). Metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) patients had reduced T cells, dendritic cells, and differentiated B cells compared to non-metastatic TNBC patients and HDs, partly linked to prior chemotherapy.

Multi-locus inherited neoplasia alleles syndromes in cancer: implications for clinical practice.

The popularity of multi-gene testing has identified more families with two or more pathogenic variants (PV) in cancer predisposition genes, also known as 'MINAS' (multilocus inherited neoplasia alleles syndromes). They are at risk of suboptimal treatment and management as little on this topic is known. We conducted a systematic review of published MINAS cases within cancer predisposition genes to understand their association with more severe presentations.