RiboTag RNA Sequencing Identifies Local Translation of HSP70 in Astrocyte Endfeet After Cerebral Ischemia.

Brain ischemia causes disruption in cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier integrity, which are normally maintained by astrocyte endfeet. Emerging evidence points to dysregulation of the astrocyte translatome during ischemia, but its effects on the endfoot translatome are unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the early effects of ischemia on the astrocyte endfoot translatome in a rodent cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model of stroke.

Macrocyclic Diterpenoids from Possessing Activity Towards Autophagic Flux.

Euphjatrophanes H-L (-), four new jatrophane-type and one new lathyrane-type diterpenoid, were isolated from , along with eight known diterpenoids (-). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallographic experiments. All compounds were subjected to bioactivity evaluation using flow cytometry in autophagic flux assays with HM mCherry-GFP-LC3 cells, the human microglia cells which stably expressed the tandem monomeric mCherry-GFP-tagged LC3.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Hsf Gene Family in and Function in Thermotolerance.

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play an important role in response to high temperatures by binding to the promoter of the heat shock protein gene to promote its expression. As an important ornamental plant, the rose often encounters heat stress during the flowering process. However, there are few studies on the family in roses ().

microRNA Profile of High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma with 11q Aberration.

High-grade B-cell lymphoma with 11q aberration (HGBCL-11q) is a rare germi-nal centre lymphoma characterised by a typical gain/loss pattern on chromo-some 11q but without MYC translocation. It shares some features with Burkitt lymphoma (BL), HGBCLs and germinal centre-derived diffuse large B-cell lym-phoma, not otherwise specified (GCB-DLBCL-NOS). Since microRNA expression in HGBCL-11q remains unknown, we aimed to identify and compare the mi-croRNA expression profiles in HGBCL-11q, BL and in GCB-DLBCL-NOS.

Molecular Signatures of Aeroallergen Sensitization in Respiratory Allergy: A Comparative Study Across Climate-Matched Populations.

Climate change is significantly altering the dynamics of airborne allergens, affecting their seasonality, allergenicity, and geographic distribution, which correlates with increasing rates of allergic diseases. This study investigates aeroallergen sensitization among populations from Tenerife, Spain, and Lima, Peru-two regions with similar climates but distinct socio-economic conditions. Our findings reveal that Spanish individuals, particularly those with asthma, demonstrate higher sensitization levels to a broader range of allergens, especially mites, with 85% of participants reacting to at least one mite allergen.

Human miR-1 Stimulates Metabolic and Thermogenic-Related Genes in Adipocytes.

MicroRNAs play a pivotal role in the regulation of adipose tissue function and have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates for the management of obesity and associated comorbidities. Among them, miR-1 could be a potential biomarker for metabolic diseases and contribute to metabolic homeostasis. However, thorough research is required to fully elucidate the impact of miR-1 on human adipocyte thermogenesis and metabolism.

A Unique Expression Profile Responding to Powdery Mildew in Wild Emmer Wheat D430.

Powdery mildew, caused by f. sp. (), is a disease that seriously harms wheat production and occurs in all wheat-producing areas around the world.

Beyond the Synapse: and FMRP Molecular Mechanisms in the Nucleus.

(Fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1), located on the X-chromosome, encodes the multi-functional FMR1 protein (FMRP), critical to brain development and function. Trinucleotide CGG repeat expansions at this locus cause a range of neurological disorders, collectively referred to as Fragile X-related conditions. The most well-known of these is Fragile X syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with syndromic facial features, autism, intellectual disabilities, and seizures.

Detection of Human GPCR Activity in Drosophila S2 Cells Using the Tango System.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are essential cell surface proteins involved in transducing extracellular signals into intracellular responses, regulating various physiological processes. This study validated the use of the Tango assay, a sensitive method for detecting GPCR activation, in Schneider 2 (S2) cells, focusing on the human Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4). Plasmids encoding the LexA-tagged human DRD4 receptor and a luciferase reporter were co-transfected into S2 cells and stimulated with dopamine.

Exploring the Binding Mechanism of ADGRG2 Through Metadynamics and Biochemical Analysis.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play essential roles in numerous physiological processes and are key targets for drug development. Among them, adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) stand out for their unique domain structures and diverse functions. ADGRG2 is a member of the aGPCR family and is involved in the regulation of various systems in the human body, including reproductive, nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems.

Dyspareunia and Biomarkers: A Case Study of Sexual Dysfunction in Moderate Endometriosis.

Endometriosis, a chronic hormone-dependent condition affecting 10% of women globally, impacts pelvic organs and occasionally distant sites, causing pain, infertility, and sexual dysfunction. Biomarkers such as IL-8, IL-10, and BDNF influence inflammation, nerve sensitization, and pain. This study investigates their relationship with sexual quality of life, focusing on dyspareunia and related dysfunctions, as assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

CircTEC Inhibits the Follicular Atresia in Buffalo () via Targeting miR-144-5p/FZD3 Signaling Axis.

The specific expression profile and function of circular RNA (circRNA) in follicular atresia remain largely unknown. Here, the circRNA expression profiles of granulosa cells derived from healthy follicles (HFs) and antral follicles (AFs) in buffalo were analyzed by RNA-seq, and the mechanism of a differentially expressed circRNA (DEcircRNA) circTEC regulating the granulosa cell function that affects follicular atresia was further explored. RNA-seq results showed that a total of 112 DEcircRNAs were identified.

The SOS Response Activation and the Risk of Antibiotic Resistance Enhancement in spp. Strains Exposed to Subinhibitory Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin.

The widespread and inappropriate use of antibiotics, for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, has contributed to a global crisis of rapidly increasing antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms. This resistance is often associated with elevated mutagenesis induced by the presence of antibiotics. Additionally, subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics can trigger stress responses in bacteria, further exacerbating this problem.

Direct Vascular Effects of Angiotensin II (A Systematic Short Review).

The octapeptide angiotensin II (Ang II) is a circulating hormone as well as a locally formed agonist synthesized by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) of endothelial cells. It forms a powerful mechanism to control the amount and pressure of body fluids. All main effects are directed to save body salt and water and ensure blood pressure under basic conditions and in emergencies.

Salivary Flow Rate in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome: Correlations with Salivary Gland Ultrasound Findings and Biomarkers of Disease Activity.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a slowly progressive, chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition characterized by the affliction of the exocrine glands, with issues that derive from it markedly decreasing the quality of life of these patients. Salivary gland involvement can be identified through imaging methods. Among them, salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) is used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in pSS.

Phytic Acid Delays the Senescence of Fruit by Regulating Antioxidant Capacity and the Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle.

fruit has a short postharvest shelf life, with rapid declines in quality and antioxidant capacity. This research assessed how phytic acid affects the antioxidant capacity and quality of fruit while in the postharvest storage period and reveals its potential mechanism of action. The findings suggested that phytic acid treatment inhibits the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhances the activities and expressions of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) while decreasing the generation of superoxide anions (O) and hydrogen peroxide (HO).

Differential Expression of CXCL12 in Human and Mouse Hair: Androgens Induce CXCL12 in Human Dermal Papilla and Dermal Sheath Cup.

We previously demonstrated that C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 (CXCL12) is primarily secreted by dermal fibroblasts in response to androgens and induces hair miniaturization in the mouse androgenic alopecia (AGA) model. However, the direct effects of androgen-induced CXCL12 on dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cup cells (DSCs) have not been demonstrated. First, we compared single-cell RNA sequencing data between mouse and human skin, and the results show that CXCL12 is highly co-expressed with the androgen receptor (AR) in the DPCs and DSCs of only human hair.

Optimization of a Pressurized Extraction Process Based on a Ternary Solvent System for the Recovery of Neuroprotective Compounds from Leaves.

Green chemistry focuses on reducing the environmental impacts of chemicals through sustainable practices. Traditional methods for extracting bioactive compounds from leaves, such as hydro-distillation and organic solvent extraction, have limitations, including long extraction times, high energy consumption, and potential toxic solvent residues. This study explored the use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and gas-expanded liquid (GXL) processes to improve efficiency and selectivity.

Starvation Metabolism Adaptations in Tick Embryonic Cells BME26.

Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites that transmit pathogens and inflict significant economic losses on the cattle industry. Remarkably, they can survive extended periods of starvation in the absence of a host. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic adaptations that enable the tick to endure starvation using the BME26 cell line as a model system.

Physiological, Photosynthetic Characteristic and Transcriptome Analysis of Transgenic × Under Salt Stress.

The WRKY70 transcription factor (TF) was reported to play an important role in the salt stress response mechanism of in our previous research, and we also produced several overexpression (OEXs) and RNAi suppression (REXs) × lines. In order to further compare the photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of NT (non-transgenic line) and transgenic lines under salt stress, the dynamic phenotypic change, Na and K content in leaf and root tissues, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, chlorophyll content (Chl), photosynthesis parameters (net photosynthetic rate, P; stomatal conductance, Gs; intercellular CO concentration, C; transpiration rate, T), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (electron transport rate, ETR; maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), F/F; actual efficiency of PSII, Φ; photochemical quenching coefficient, q; non-photochemical quenching, NPQ; the photosynthetic light-response curves of Φ and ETR) and RNA-seq of NT, OEX and REX lines were detected and analyzed. The phenotypic observation, MDA content and Chl detection results indicate that the stress damage of REXs was less severe than that of NT and OEX lines under salt stress.

Identification of Gene Expression, Evolution, and Potential Functional Sites in Horn Development of Sheep.

The growth and development of horns are primarily controlled by the skin. The gene is crucial for epidermal barrier function and may have a significant impact on horn growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of across different sheep breeds and tissues by utilizing RNA sequencing.

Influence of Kunth Flavonoids on Composition of Soil Microbial Community.

, one of the world's most destructive invasive species, is known for causing significant ecological and economic harm. While extensive research has focused on its growth characteristics, secondary metabolites, and control measures, its chemical interactions with the environment-particularly the role of flavonoids in shaping soil microbial communities-remain underexplored. In this study, we identified and quantified ten flavonoids from root exudates using UPLC-MS, including Hispidulin, Isorhamnetin, and Mikanin.

An Overview of Zika Virus and Zika Virus Induced Neuropathies.

Flaviviruses pose a major public health concern across the globe. Among them, Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging and reemerging arthropod-borne flavivirus that has become a major international public health problem following multiple large outbreaks over the past two decades. The majority of infections caused by ZIKV exhibit mild symptoms.

The Interplay Between High Cumulative Doses of Radioactive Iodine and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Complex Cardiovascular Challenge.

Starting from the metabolic profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we hypothesized that the mechanisms of ¹³¹I-induced cardiotoxicity differ between patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with/without T2DM, with metformin potentially acting as a cardioprotective agent by mitigating inflammation in patients with T2DM. To address this hypothesis, we quantified, using ELISA, the serum concentration of several key biomarkers that reflect cardiac injury (NT-proBNP, NT-proANP, ST2/IL-33R, and cTn I) in 74 female patients with DTC/-T2DM and 25 with DTC/+T2DM treated with metformin. All patients received a cumulative oral dose of I exceeding 150 mCi (5.

Synthesis of Pyrazole-Based Inhibitors of the Bacterial Enzyme -Succinyl-l,l-2,6-Diaminopimelic Acid Desuccinylase (DapE) as Potential Antibiotics.

Based on the inhibitory potencies from earlier reported tetrazole thioether analogs, we now describe the synthesis and inhibition of pyrazole-based inhibitors of -succinyl-l,l-2,6-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) from (DapE). The most potent pyrazole analog bears an aminopyridine amide with an IC of 17.9 ± 8.