The Effect of Silage on the Growth Performance, Blood Physiological Parameters, Serum Biochemical Parameters, Immune Response, Antioxidant Capacity, and Rumen Bacteria of Kazakh Lamb.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that is an unconventional feed resource with significant developmental potential. This research aimed to explore the effects of silage on the growth performance, blood parameters, immunity, antioxidation, cytokine levels, and rumen bacterial composition of Kazakh lamb. Forty healthy male Kazakh lambs, aged 5 months and weighing 30.

Molecular Detection of spp. and Other Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks from a Nature Reserve: Implications for Zoonotic Transmission.

Ticks are a major concern for both animal and human health, as they are primary vectors of infectious pathogens. This study focused on ticks found in a nature reserve in southern Italy, highly frequented for recreational activities and inhabited by wild boars. Using molecular techniques, 214 ticks, including questing ticks and those removed from wild boars, were examined for tick-borne pathogens (TBPs), with a focus on zoonotic pathogens.

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Gyrovirus Galga 1 in Chickens in Northern Vietnam Reveals Evidence of Recombination.

In total, 126 tissue-pooled samples were collected from suspected sick chickens showing signs of stunted growth, weakness, and diarrhea in five provinces/cities in Northern Vietnam. The Gyrovirus gala 1 (GyVg1) genome was detected in 26 (20.63%) of the 126 chicken samples based on a polymerase chain reaction assay.

Comparative Metagenomic Analysis of the Gut Microbiota of Captive Pangolins: A Case Study of Two Species.

Pangolins, one of the most trafficked mammals, face significant health challenges in captivity, including digestive disorders and immune dysfunctions. These issues are closely linked to alterations in their gut microbiota, which play vital roles in the host metabolism, immunity, and overall health. This study investigated the differences in the gut microbiota composition and function between two pangolin species, Chinese pangolins () and Malayan pangolins (), under identical captive conditions to better understand their ecological adaptability and health implications.

Different Breeding Values Under Uniform Environmental Condition for Milk Production Yield Traits in Holstein-Friesian Cows.

In this study, 1,616,549 Holstein-Friesian females were genotyped for genomic evaluation of genetic merit (BV). Genotyping was performed using the EuroGenomics MD v3.0 chipset on the Illumina microarray scanner platform operated by an accredited Illumina laboratory.

Effects of Dietary Resveratrol and Black Soldier Fly () Larvae Meal Supplements on Quail Egg Production, Quality, and Consumer Acceptance.

This study aimed to examine the effects of supplementing a basal diet with resveratrol and black soldier fly () larvae meal on Manchurian Golden quail egg production and quality as well as consumer attitudes towards the quail eggs and their acceptability. Quail were allotted three treatments for a laying period of 3 months. The dietary treatment groups were those of a basal diet, a basal diet with 250 mg/kg resveratrol pliusACE, and a diet supplemented with 10% black soldier fly larvae meal (BSF).

Rumen-Degradable Starch Improves Rumen Fermentation, Function, and Growth Performance by Altering Bacteria and Its Metabolome in Sheep Fed Alfalfa Hay or Silage.

Alfalfa silage due to its high protein can lead to easier feeding management, but its high proportion of rumen-degradable protein can reduce rumen nitrogen utilization. Nevertheless, increasing dietary energy can enhance ruminal microbial protein synthesis. Thirty-two Suffolk female sheep were used in this study, with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatment.

Lameness Recognition of Dairy Cows Based on Compensation Behaviour Analysis by Swing and Posture Features from Top View Depth Image.

Top-view systems for lameness detection have advantages such as easy installation and minimal impact on farm work. However, the unclear lameness motion characteristics of the back result in lower recognition accuracy for these systems. Therefore, we analysed the compensatory behaviour of cows based on top-view walking videos, extracted compensatory motion features (CMFs), and constructed a model for recognising lameness in cows.

Establishment of a CRISPR-Based Lentiviral Activation Library for Transcription Factor Screening in Porcine Cells.

Transcription factors play important roles in the growth and development of various tissues in pigs, such as muscle, fat, and bone. A transcription-factor-scale activation library based on the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 (Cas9) system could facilitate the discovery and functional characterization of the transcription genes involved in a specific gene network. Here, we have designed and constructed a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) sgRNA library, containing 5056 sgRNAs targeting the promoter region of 1264 transcription factors in pigs.

Positive Correlation of Social Rank and Hair Cortisol Concentration in Group-Housed Pregnant Cows.

In intensive beef production systems, social dominance relationships among cattle and human-cattle relationships constantly affect cattle welfare. However, these factors have not been investigated to assess their long-term effects on cattle welfare. In this study, the relations of hair cortisol concentrations of group-housed pregnant cows with their social rank and avoidance distance when approached by humans were analysed.

Using Recombinase-Aid Amplification Combined with Argonaute for Rapid Sex Identification in Flamingo ().

Flamingos () are among the oldest birds worldwide and are loved by people for their bright red feathers. In addition, flamingos are sexually monomorphic birds, and distinguishing between males and females is difficult. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is widely used for sex identification.

The Effects of Mixed Inoculum Storage Time on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics, Microbial Diversity, and Community Composition.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different storage times of the mixed inoculum on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial diversity, and community composition. The experiment was divided into five groups, with mixed inoculum composed of fresh rumen fluid and culture medium being stored at 39 °C for 0 h (H0), 12 h (H12), 24 h (H24), 36 h (H36), and 48 h (H48). After 48 h of in vitro fermentation, the fermentation fluid was collected to assess rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial community composition.

Cycle Effects Are Not Universal: A Case Study of Urinary C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Rural Polish and Polish American Samples.

Objectives: We need to better understand how the menstrual cycle interacts with other biological systems, such the inflammation and immune response. One way to study this interaction is through C-reactive protein (CRP). Studies of CRP concentrations across the menstrual cycle have been inconsistent.

First report of causing leaf spot on in China.

During a field study in the Baili Azalea Forest Area in Guizhou Province, China (27°12'N, 105°48'E) between May and July 2023, symptoms of leaf spot were observed on Franch. The incidence of leaf spot on leaves was about 12% in a field of 1 hm2, significantly reducing their ornamental and economic value. The affected leaves bore irregular, grey-white lesions with distinct dark brown borders, accompanied by black conidiomata.

Effect of Patient Positioning on CT Number Accuracy: A Phantom Study Comparing Energy Integrating and Deep Silicon Photon Counting Detector CT.

Objective: Patient positioning during clinical practice can be challenging, and mispositioning leads to a change in CT number. CT number fluctuation was assessed in single-energy (SE) EID, dual-energy (DE) EID, and deep silicon photon-counting detector (PCD) CT over water-equivalent diameter (WED) with different mispositions.

Methods: A phantom containing five clinically relevant inserts (Mercury Phantom, Gammex) was scanned on a clinical EID CT and a deep silicon PCD CT prototype at vertical positions of 0, 4, 8, and 12 cm.

Fabrication of Compartmentalized Multienzyme Reactor for Colorimetric Biosensing of Glucose and Phenol with High Sensitivity.

Enzymatic cascade reactions are widely utilized in food security, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnostics, whereas their practical application was hindered due to their limited catalytic efficiency and intrinsic fragility to environmental influences. Herein, a compartmentalized dual-enzyme cascade nanoreactor was constructed in metal-organic frameworks (ZIF-8) by a shell-by-shell growth method. ZIF-8 provided a good microenvironment to maintain the activity of enzymes and protected them against harsh conditions.

Three-Dimensional Stacked Stretchable Thermoelectric Device for Virtual Sensation.

Stretchable electronics have significant applications in wearable applications. However, the extremely low thermal conductivity of elastic encapsulation hinders heat dissipation, leading to performance degradation. For instance, stretchable thermoelectric devices (TEDs) can be used for skin temperature regulation, but poor thermal management limits their cooling performance.

Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) Recording of Simultaneous Electric-Acoustic Stimulation between Round Window Membrane and Basal Part of Cochlear Bone in guinea Pigs.

Hypothesis: Extracochlear electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) between the round window membrane and the basal part of the cochlear bone exhibits distinct auditory brainstem response (ABR) characteristics.

Background: The use of EAS in individuals with residual hearing is becoming increasingly common in clinical settings. Ongoing research has explored the characteristics of EAS-induced responses in hearing cochleae.

Development and validation of a novel coronary artery disease risk prediction model.

Objective: This study aims to develop a novel risk assessment tool for coronary artery disease (CAD) based on data of patients with chest pain in outpatient and emergency department, thereby facilitating the effective identification and management of high-risk patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients hospitalized for chest pain. Patients were divided into a control group and a CAD group based on angiographic results.

ADMET evaluation in drug discovery: 21. Application and industrial validation of machine learning algorithms for Caco-2 permeability prediction.

The Caco-2 cell model has been widely used to assess the intestinal permeability of drug candidates in vitro, owing to its morphological and functional similarity to human enterocytes. While Caco-2 cell assay is considered safe and cost-effective, it is also characterized by being time-consuming. Therefore, computational models that achieve high accuracies in predicting Caco-2 permeability are crucial for enhancing the efficiency of oral drug development.

Association of antihypertensive drug target genes with alzheimer's disease: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Epidemiological and genetic studies have elucidated associations between antihypertensive medication and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with the directionality of these associations varying upon the specific class of antihypertensive agents.

Methods: Genetic instruments for the expression of antihypertensive drug target genes were identified using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in blood, which are associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP). Exposure was derived from existing eQTL data in blood from the eQTLGen consortium and in the brain from the PsychENCODE and subsequently replicated in GTEx V8 and BrainMeta V2.

Fasciolopsis buski infection of the biliary tract: a case report.

Background: Fasciolopsis buski is a large fluke that parasitises the human small intestine, with its infection in the biliary tract being even rarer. Given its relatively rare occurrence in recent years, the clinical diagnosis of F. buski infections can pose certain challenges.

Co-targeting of glial activation and inflammation by tsRNA-Gln-i-0095 for treating retinal ischemic pathologies.

Ischemic retinopathies are the major causes of blindness, yet effective early-stage treatments remain limited due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Significant changes in gene expression often precede structural and functional alterations. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are emerging as novel gene regulators, involved in various biological processes and human diseases.

Vibration Energy Color Doppler Imaging (VECDI) in Evaluating the Effect of Screw Fixation on Sacroiliac Joint Stiffness: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Background: The sacroiliac joints (SIJ) are specialized articulations in the pelvis that allow load transfer between the upper and lower body. Traumatic pelvic disruption often requires surgical fixation of at least one of these joints. Subsequent SIJ pain is associated with asymmetries in joint laxity or stiffness.