The Disabled Anesthesiologist.

A significant number of anesthesiologists will experience a disabling illness or injury during their careers. In addition to ethical obligations to patients, physicians have ethical obligations to their colleagues: both to recognize and intervene when disabilities have the potential of interfering with patient care and to try, whenever it is possible and safe, to support colleagues with disabilities in pursuing a successful career. Encouraging and accommodating physicians with disabilities in their practice of medicine benefits patients, by including physicians who may better understand the challenges of the disabled, and also the profession, by promoting acceptance of diversity in practice.

Social Media and Youth Mental Health.

Purpose Of Review: We review recent evidence regarding the relationship between the social media (SM) habits, experiences, and the mental health of youth. We examine effects of social media use (SMU) on specific diagnoses including depression and anxiety. The relationship between psychiatric illness, specific SM experiences, and the issue of SM mental health contagion is also explored.

Current use of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program surgical risk calculator in academic surgery: a mixed-methods study.

Background: This study aims to quantitatively assess use of the NSQIP surgical risk calculator (NSRC) in contemporary surgical practice and to identify barriers to use and potential interventions that might increase use.

Materials And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of surgeons at seven institutions. The primary outcomes were self-reported application of the calculator in general clinical practice and specific clinical scenarios as well as reported barriers to use.

Identifying Good Candidates for Active Surveillance of Ductal Carcinoma : Insights from a Large Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy Cohort.

Unlabelled: Ductal carcinoma (DCIS) is a biologically heterogenous entity with uncertain risk for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) development. Standard treatment is surgical resection often followed by radiation. New approaches are needed to reduce overtreatment.

Lung cancer with air lucency: a systematic review and clinical management guide.

Background: Lung cancers with air lucency are poorly understood, often recognized only after substantial progression.

Methods: From a systematic review (PubMed and EMBASE, 2000-2022, terms related to cystic, cavitary, bulla, pseudocavitary, bubble-like, date 10-30-2022) 49 studies were selected using broad inclusion criteria (case series of ≥10 cases up to trials and reviews). There was no source of funding.

Risk factors for drug therapy problems among Cambodian Americans with complex needs: a cross-sectional, observational study.

Background: Pharmaceutical drug therapy problems (DTPs) are a major public health problem. We examined patient-level risk factors for DTPs among Cambodian Americans.

Methods: Community health workers (CHWs) verbally administered surveys and completed a detailed medication review form with participants.

Small Airway Disease and Emphysema Are Associated with Future Exacerbations in Smokers with CT-derived Bronchiectasis and COPD: Results from the COPDGene Cohort.

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis can overlap and share pathologic features, such as small airway disease (SAD). Whether the presence of SAD and emphysema in smokers with CT-derived bronchiectasis is associated with exacerbations is unknown. Purpose To assess whether SAD and emphysema in smokers with CT-derived bronchiectasis are associated with future exacerbations.

Willingness to Use Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV Prevention and PrEP Implementation Preferences Among Transgender Women in Malaysia.

Transgender women (TW) face one of the highest HIV burdens worldwide. In Malaysia, 12.4% of TW are HIV infected, ∼30-fold higher than in the Malaysian adult population.

Ulnar stress fracture in a softball player.

Clinicians need to have a high index of suspicion in overhead athlete with persistent pain. MRI and bone scans are more sensitive than X-rays in detecting ulnar stress fractures. Increased awareness will improve diagnosis and patient outcomes.

Temporal dynamics of the relationship between change in depressive symptoms and cannabis use in adolescents receiving psychosocial treatment for cannabis use disorder.

Aims: Cannabis use disorder (CUD) and depression frequently co-occur in youth. How depressive symptoms change over the course of CUD treatment and how they impact substance use treatment outcomes is unknown. In the current study, we examine the temporal relationships between cannabis use and depression in adolescents receiving evidence-based treatments for CUD as part of a multisite clinical trial.

Changes in negative affect and changes in heart rate variability among low-income latinos with type 2 diabetes in a randomized, controlled stress management trial.

Background: Structural equation modeling examined the relationship between change in negative affect (NA) and change in heart rate variability (HRV) among 121 Latinos with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This study leveraged data from the Community Health Workers Assisting Latinos Manage Stress and Diabetes (CALMSD) study which compared diabetes education vs diabetes education plus stress management. Participants completed surveys of NA at baseline and again 8-10 weeks later.

Incorporating telemedicine into the integrated care of the COPD patient a summary of an interdisciplinary workshop held in Stresa, Italy, 7-8 September 2017.

This report is a summary of a workshop focusing on using telemedicine to facilitate the integrated care of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-five invited participants from 8 countries met for one and one-half days in Stresa, Italy on 7-8 September 2017, to discuss this topic. Participants included physiotherapists, nurses, a nurse practitioner, and physicians.

Presurgical language fMRI: Technical practices in epilepsy surgical planning.

Little is known about how language functional MRI (fMRI) is executed in clinical practice in spite of its widespread use. Here we comprehensively documented its execution in surgical planning in epilepsy. A questionnaire focusing on cognitive design, image acquisition, analysis and interpretation, and practical considerations was developed.

Presurgical language fMRI: Clinical practices and patient outcomes in epilepsy surgical planning.

The goal of this study was to document current clinical practice and report patient outcomes in presurgical language functional MRI (fMRI) for epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy surgical programs worldwide were surveyed as to the utility, implementation, and efficacy of language fMRI in the clinic; 82 programs responded. Respondents were predominantly US (61%) academic programs (85%), and evaluated adults (44%), adults and children (40%), or children only (16%).

Cancer Progenitor Cells: The Result of an Epigenetic Event?

The concept of cancer stem cells was proposed in the late 1990s. Although initially the idea seemed controversial, the existence of cancer stem cells is now well established. However, the process leading to the formation of cancer stem cells is still not clear and thus requires further research.

Analgesics in the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: a perspective review.

The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of analgesics in reducing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among older adults from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A literature search was conducted of PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, and Cochrane collaboration databases for RCTs in the English language that evaluated the use of analgesics in reducing the severity of BPSD among older adults. Additionally, references of full-text articles that were included in this review were searched for extra studies.

Ezrin links CFTR to TLR4 signaling to orchestrate anti-bacterial immune response in macrophages.

Macrophages (MΦs) with mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) have blunted induction of PI3K/AKT signaling in response to TLR4 activation, leading to hyperinflammation, a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) disease. Here, we show that Ezrin links CFTR and TLR4 signaling, and is necessary for PI3K/AKT signaling induction in response to MΦ activation. Because PI3K/AKT signaling is critical for immune regulation, Ezrin-deficient MΦs are hyperinflammatory and have impaired Pseudomonas aeruginosa phagocytosis, phenocopying CF MΦs.

Daily emotional stress reactivity in emerging adulthood: temporal stability and its predictors.

Background & Objectives: Emotional reactivity to stress is associated with both mental and physical health and has been assumed to be a stable feature of the person. However, recent evidence suggests that the within-person association between stress and negative affect (i.e.