Cost effectiveness of different treatment strategies with natalizumab for pregnant women with multiple sclerosis.

Background: The management of multiple sclerosis (MS) during pregnancy poses significant challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of three natalizumab treatment strategies during pregnancy from the UK healthcare system's perspective.

Methods: A Markov model was developed to assess the health outcomes and costs associated with three treatment strategies: continuous natalizumab treatment throughout pregnancy, treatment until the first trimester followed by discontinuation, and discontinuation at conception with resumption post-pregnancy.

Effectiveness of behavior change techniques to address barriers to follow-up colonoscopy: results from an online survey and randomized factorial experiment.

Background: Nonattendance at colonoscopy is associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) survival.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to quantify barriers to colonoscopy and test the effectiveness of behavior change techniques (BCTs) to address them.

Methods: Two studies were conducted.

Face and voice identity matching accuracy is not improved by multimodal identity information.

Identity verification from both faces and voices can be error-prone. Previous research has shown that faces and voices signal concordant information and cross-modal unfamiliar face-to-voice matching is possible, albeit often with low accuracy. In the current study, we ask whether performance on a face or voice identity matching task can be improved by using multimodal stimuli which add a second modality (voice or face).

Procedural factors influencing successful coronary sinus reducer implantation for refractory angina: A single-centre experience.

Background: Coronary sinus reducer (CSR) implantation is emerging as a novel effective percutaneous therapy for patients with refractory angina. Limited data exists examining the factors influencing successful CSR implantation. As CSR implantation becomes more widely adopted, a greater understanding of the procedural challenges which operators encounter is required.

Network-based modelling reveals cell-type enriched patterns of non-coding RNA regulation during human skeletal muscle remodelling.

A majority of human genes produce non-protein-coding RNA (ncRNA), and some have roles in development and disease. Neither ncRNA nor human skeletal muscle is ideally studied using short-read sequencing, so we used a customized RNA pipeline and network modelling to study cell-type specific ncRNA responses during muscle growth at scale. We completed five human resistance-training studies ( = 144 subjects), identifying 61% who successfully accrued muscle-mass.

A trafficking regulatory subnetwork governs αβ integrin-HER2 cross-talk to control breast cancer invasion and drug resistance.

HER2 and αβ integrin are independent predictors of breast cancer survival and metastasis. We identify an αβ/HER2 cross-talk mechanism driving invasion, which is dysregulated in drug-resistant HER2+ breast cancer cells. Proteomic analyses reveal ligand-bound αβ recruits HER2 and a trafficking subnetwork, comprising guanosine triphosphatases RAB5 and RAB7A and the Rab regulator guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDI2).

Challenges and Innovations in Postoperative Care for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: The Role of Structured Surveillance and Virtual Wards.

Acute Type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) represents a life-threatening medical emergency that requires emergent surgical repair. Despite improvement in surgical techniques and perioperative management, ATAAD remains associated with high early mortality and postoperative complications. A structured and individualized postoperative surveillance program is essential, not only for improving survival rates but also for identifying risk factors necessitating reintervention and enhancing the quality of life.

Sex-differences in neuromuscular control of hip abductors during isometric submaximal tasks.

Background: One key focus in the literature is the need to better understand how males and females perform neuromuscular control, which requires consideration of muscle morphology, as it may change neural drive during force production. Although previous studies focused on muscles around the knee and ankle, it is crucial to explore the behavior of other muscles, such as the hip abductors, since many lower limb conditions more common in females have been associated with alterations in hip muscles.

Research Questions: Are electromyography (EMG) variables (amplitude and low- and high frequency bands) of hip abductors during submaximal isometric tasks different between males and females? How is muscle size associated with EMG responses during these tasks?

Methods: Thirty-six participants (males, n = 18; females, n = 18) had muscle and subcutaneous thickness of gluteus medius (GMed) and tensor fascia latae (TFL) measured.

Large language models in periodontology: Assessing their performance in clinically relevant questions.

Statement Of Problem: Although the use of artificial intelligence (AI) seems promising and may assist dentists in clinical practice, the consequences of inaccurate or even harmful responses are paramount. Research is required to examine whether large language models (LLMs) can be used in accessing periodontal content reliably.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the evidence-based potential of answers provided by 4 LLMs to common clinical questions in the field of periodontology.

Cerebral cortical encephalitis in adults with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: A national case series.

Background And Purpose: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a relatively recently described disease, most commonly presenting with optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Cerebral cortical encephalitis is a rare manifestation of MOGAD.

Methods: We identified patients presenting with cerebral cortical encephalitis with positive MOG antibodies in serum across a large specialized service.

Clinical and radiographic assessment of the association between orthodontic mini-screws and periodontal health.

Objectives: Proper anchorage control is crucial for predictable tooth movement and preventing inadequate torque during orthodontic treatment. Through clinical and radiographic parameters; this study assesses the association between mini-screws and periodontal health.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study included 16 systemically healthy non-smoking individuals requiring mini-screws.

Healthcare professionals beliefs and priorities for the rehabilitation of patients after ankle fracture surgery: A qualitative study.

Objective: The study aims to understand healthcare professionals' (HCPs) beliefs and practices in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients after ankle fracture surgery, with the goal of informing new rehabilitation interventions based on these insights.

Background: There is considerable variation in postoperative rehabilitation advice given to patients with ankle fractures, leading to inconsistent care. Prior studies have primarily focused on patients' experiences, making it crucial to explore HCPs' perspectives to identify areas for intervention.

Comment on Dutta Majumder et al.'s 2019 'Ocular Syphilis: An Update'.

The article provides a thorough review of the challenges in diagnosing ocular syphilis. However, our research on 'Dermatological and Ocular Manifestations of Syphilis,' identifies a significant gap in both literature and clinical practice: the lack of recognition of dermatological signs during ophthalmological assessments. Ocular syphilis often mimics other conditions and can remain undiagnosed for months or years.

Larval growth rate is not a major determinant of adult wing shape and eyespot size in the seasonally polyphenic butterfly .

Background: Insects often show adaptive phenotypic plasticity where environmental cues during early stages are used to produce a phenotype that matches the environment experienced by adults. Many tropical satyrine butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) are seasonally polyphenic and produce distinct wet- and dry-season form adults, providing tight environment-phenotype matching in seasonal environments. In studied Mycalesina butterflies, dry-season forms can be induced in the laboratory by growing larvae at low temperatures or on poor food quality.

Network-based modelling reveals cell-type enriched patterns of non-coding RNA regulation during human skeletal muscle remodelling.

A majority of human genes produce non-protein-coding RNA (ncRNA), and some have roles in development and disease. Neither ncRNA nor human skeletal muscle is ideally studied using short-read sequencing, so we used a customised RNA pipeline and network modelling to study cell-type specific ncRNA responses during muscle growth at scale. We completed five human resistance-training studies (n=144 subjects), identifying 61% who successfully accrued muscle-mass.