Broccoli () leaves exhibit significant antidiabetic potential in alloxan-induced diabetic rats: the putative role of ABC vacuolar transporter for accumulation of Quercetin and Kaempferol.

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes among adults over 18 years of age is expected to increase from 10.5% to 12.2% (between 2021 and 2045).

Designing multi-epitope vaccines against Echinococcus granulosus: an in-silico study using immuno-informatics.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic public health issue. The reasons for this include a lack of specific therapy options, increasing antiparasitic drug resistance, a lack of control strategies, and the absence of an approved vaccine. The aim of the current study is to develop a multiepitope vaccine against CE by in-silico identification and using different Antigen B subunits.

Comparison of Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Systems and Surface-Coated Microspheres: Improving Oral Bioavailability of Niclosamide.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) and surface-coated microspheres to improve the oral bioavailability of niclosamide.

Methods: A solubility screening study showed that liquid SNEDDS, prepared using an optimized volume ratio of corn oil, Cremophor RH40, and Tween 80 (20:24:56), formed nanoemulsions with the smallest droplet size. Niclosamide was incorporated into this liquid SNEDDS and spray-dried with calcium silicate to produce solid SNEDDS.

Thermoresponsive biomaterial system of irinotecan and curcumin for the treatment of colorectal cancer: and investigations.

This study aims to develop a thermoresponsive biomaterial system of irinotecan (IRT) and curcumin (CUR) nano-transferosomal gel (IRT-CUR-NTG) for targeting colorectal cancer (CRC). The IRT-CUR-NTs were statistically optimized and loaded into poloxamer-based thermosensitive gel. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the IRT-CUR-NTs were performed, whereas pH, gelation time, gelation temperature, gel and mucoadhesive strength of the IRT-CUR-NTG were investigated.

Resolving Taxonomic Ambiguities in Ascaris Species: Insights From a Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Ascaris lumbricoides.

Ascariasis, caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, is a major public health issue, especially in developing nations such as Pakistan. It impacts millions, causing significant morbidity through starvation, stunted growth in children, and a variety of gastrointestinal issues. The taxonomy of the Ascaris genus, notably the distinction between A.

A review on multiple sclerosis: Unravelling the complexities of pathogenesis, progression, mechanisms and therapeutic innovations.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) targeting myelinated axons. Pathogenesis of MS entails an intricate genetic, environmental, and immunological interaction. Dysregulation of immune response i.

Fabrication and evaluation of chondroitin sulfate based hydrogels loaded with chitosan nanoparticles for oral delivery of vildagliptin.

Vildagliptin is a drug of choice in type II diabetes mellitus that suffers from limitations like short half-life with reduced bioavailability. To improve the therapeutic performance of vildagliptin, this study aimed to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) loaded hydrogel by using biological polysaccharides like sodium alginate (SA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). The NPs were prepared by ionic gelation method and various characterization tests like surface morphology, size and zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and in-vitro drug release studies were performed.

Further evidence of biallelic NAV3 variants associated with recessive neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphism, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and behavioral abnormalities.

Neuron navigators (NAVs) are cytoskeleton-associated proteins well known for their role in axonal guidance, neuronal migration, and neurite growth necessary for neurodevelopment. Neuron navigator 3 (NAV3) is one of the three NAV proteins highly expressed in the embryonic and adult brain. However, the role of the NAV3 gene in human disease is not well-studied.

The genetic diversity of Strongyloides papillosus in Pakistani goats revealed by whole genome sequencing.

Background: Strongyloides nematodes are livestock parasites, and Strongyloides papillosus infecting ruminant livestock can cause disease. Recent genomic analysis of several Strongyloides species is now facilitating population genomic analyses of natural Strongyloides infections, for example finding that Strongyloides ratti in wild UK rats exists as an assemblage of long-lived, asexual lineages.

Methods: Here we have initiated an investigation into the population genomics of S.

Predicting the victims of hate speech on microblogging platforms.

Hate speech constitutes a major problem on microblogging platforms, with automatic detection being a growing research area. Most existing works focus on analyzing the content of social media posts. Our study shifts focus to predicting which users are likely to become targets of hate speech.

THBS1 is a new autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing impairment gene.

Background: Prelingual hearing impairment (HI) is genetically highly heterogenous. Early diagnosis and intervention are essential for psychosocial development. In this study we investigated a consanguineous family from Pakistan with autosomal recessive (AR) non-syndromic sensorineural HI (NSHI).

Pharmacological investigation of selected 1,2,4 triazole derivative against ethanol induced gastric ulcer.

The present study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S-2-(acetoxymethyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyridine-4-yl)5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl tetrahydro-2H-pyran 3,4,5tryltriacetate (JAK05) on gastric ulcer. The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-ulcer potential of JAK05 against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer by employing in silico, in vitro and in vivo techniques. In silico studies, JAK05 has a binding score ranging from -8.

Correction: Habib et al. Thiolated Chitosan Microneedle Patch of Levosulpiride from Fabrication, Characterization to Bioavailability Enhancement Approach. 2022, , 415.

In the original publication [...

Chaos analysis of nonlinear variable order fractional hyperchaotic Chen system utilizing radial basis function neural network.

This research explores the various chaotic features of the hyperchaotic Chen dynamical system within a variable order fractional (VOF) calculus framework, employing an innovative approach with a nonlinear and adaptive radial basis function neural network. The study begins by computing the numerical solution of VOF differential equations for the hyperchaotic Chen system through a numerical scheme using the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative across a spectrum of different system control parameters. Subsequently, a comprehensive parametric model is formulated using RBFNN, considering the system's various initial values.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides in Saliva as Potential Therapeutic Agents Against Oral Pathogens in Pakistan.

Background: Maintaining optimal oral health is essential for overall well-being; however, conditions such as dental caries and gingivitis remain prevalent in Pakistan and are further worsened by increasing antibiotic resistance.

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial properties of salivary peptides as potential therapeutic agents against common oral pathogens in Pakistan.

Methodology: A one-year cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, at Sharif Medical and Dental College and Akhter Saeed Medical and Dental College, involving 384 participants aged 18-65 years.

In silico designing and characterization of outer membrane protein (OmpC) gene from Salmonella enterica and its expression in Nicotiana tabacum for developing a plant-based vaccine against salmonellosis.

Salmonella, a gram-negative bacteria, is the leading cause of foodborne illness globally. Two serovars of Salmonella, S. enteritidis and S.

Modeling and forecasting carbon dioxide emission in Pakistan using a hybrid combination of regression and time series models.

Carbon dioxide (CO) emissions continue to rise globally despite efforts to combat climate change. Energy industry emissions are a pressing global issue, causing devastating impacts. Hence, it is vital to accurately and efficiently forecast CO emissions.

Electrifying energy storage by investigating the electrochemical behavior of CoCrO/graphene-oxide nanocomposite as supercapacitor high performance electrode material.

This study reports novel three-step electrochemical fabrication of CoCrO/graphene-oxide nanocomposite on glassy carbon electrode including sequential synthesis of graphene-oxide using modified Hummer's method, CoCrO nanoparticles using sol-gel method and the cost-effective co-precipitation technique for nanocomposite formation. The resulting nanocomposite was subjected to comprehensive analytical and morphological analysis. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) confirms nanocomposite formation with reduced average crystallite size value of 26.

Revolutionizing diabetes care with innovative decision-making using cubic intuitionistic fuzzy Schweizer and Sklar power aggregation operators.

The cubic intuitionistic fuzzy set is an expansion of the cubic fuzzy set that displays massive information to demonstrate interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. This increment informs limitations essential in existing frameworks, primarily focusing on the significance of embracing our access for more accurate decisions in compound and unresolved structures. The Schweizer and Sklar (SS) operations are engaged in promoting strong aggregation operators for cubic intuitionistic fuzzy sets through this research.

On the development of survey methods for novel mean imputation and its application to abalone data.

Non-response in surveys is a common problem faced by surveyors, this results in missing data. Missing values are often omitted when doing any statistical analysis, but this reduces the sample size and consequently decreases the precision of estimates. In such situations, imputation is a commonly used method to deal with missing data, this involves estimating the missing values based on the observed data.

Complete genome sequence of an ST7366 strain harboring an extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene isolated from sewage water in Pakistan.

We announce the complete genome of strain PEC1003 belonging to ST7366, isolated from sewage water in Pakistan. This strain harbored a plasmid carrying various antibiotic resistance genes, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), , emphasizing the management and surveillance of ESBL-producing in the environment of developing countries.

Relationship of difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography cannulation and visual characteristics of papilla.

Background And Aim: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is commonly used to diagnose and treat bile duct and pancreatic disorders. Successful cannulation of the papilla is crucial for the effectiveness of ERCP; however, sometimes, it can be challenging to achieve. This study explores the relationship between net difficult ERCP cannulation with bile visibility, papilla orifice visibility, and papilla position and compares it with successful cannulation.

Naringenin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles alleviate oxidative stress and enhance oral bioavailability of naringenin.

Naringenin (Nrg) is the most abundant natural dietary flavonoid with promising anti-inflammatory potential. However, its therapeutic application is limited due to poor absorption, low bioavailability, and inability to cross physiological barriers. Herein, we designed biocompatible solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to overcome these challenges and to enhance the oral bioavailability and therapeutic potential of Nrg.

Nephroprotective Potential of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivative Against Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats by Upregulating Nrf2 and Downregulating NF-κB and TNF-α Signaling Pathways.

Nephrotoxicity is a prominent complication of methotrexate (MTX) therapy that limits clinicians in its extensive use. MTX triggers oxidative burden and inflammation, so the nephroprotective potential of the synthetic derivative of 1,3,4-oxadiazole (5b) was explored in this research. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups i.