Spatial variability, source identification and risks assessment of antibiotics in multimedia of North China's largest freshwater lake using positive matrix factorization and Monte Carlo simulation.

Antibiotics are widely found in aquatic ecosystems and pose a serious threat to human and the ecological system. Samples of surface water (SW), overlying water (OW), pore water (PW) and sediments (Sedi) were collected to investigate the spatial variability, potential sources, ecological risk (RQs) and health risks (HQs) of nine common antibiotics in Baiyangdian Lake using positive matrix factorization (PMF), and Monte Carlo simulation. Significant spatial autocorrelation of most antibiotics were observed in PW and Sedi samples rather than in SW and OW samples, and higher antibiotic levels were found in the northwest of waters and the southwest of sediments.

Triterpenoid acids characterized by the oxidation of the C-27-methy from the roots of Astilbe grandis Stapf ex Wils.

Two unprecedented oleane-type triterpenes (5-6) were isolated from the roots of Astilbe grandis Stapf ex Wils, along with four known triterpenes (1-4), all of which were separated from this plant for the first time. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses especially analysis of 2D NMR data, and the absolute configurations of 5 and 6 were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. The structure of 5 was further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Plastid KEA-type cation/H antiporters are required for vacuolar protein trafficking in Arabidopsis.

Arabidopsis plastid antiporters KEA1 and KEA2 are critical for plastid development, photosynthetic efficiency, and plant development. Here, we show that KEA1 and KEA2 are involved in vacuolar protein trafficking. Genetic analyses found that the kea1 kea2 mutants had short siliques, small seeds, and short seedlings.

The Role of Introgression During the Radiation of Endemic Fishes Adapted to Living at Extreme Altitudes in the Tibetan Plateau.

Recent genomic analyses of evolutionary radiations suggest that ancient introgression may facilitate rapid diversification and adaptive radiation. The loach genus Triplophysa, a genus with most species endemic to Tibetan Plateau, shows ecological diversity and rapid evolution and represents a potential example of adaptive radiation linked to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we interrogate the complex evolutionary history of Triplophysa fishes through the analysis of whole-genome sequences.

Activity labelled molecular networking fuels the antioxidation active molecules profile of Ginger.

Ginger has been used as consumed food spice and folk medicine in daily life for thousands of years in various regions of the world. Considerable antioxidation is one of the major activities for Ginger to exhibit health-promoting effects. In this study, a bioinformatic workflow was developed to generate activity labelled molecular networking (ALMN) to fuel the antioxidation active molecules profile of Ginger.

A functional metagenomics study of soil carbon and nitrogen degradation networks and limiting factors on the Tibetan plateau.

Introduction: The Three-River Source Nature Reserve is located in the core area of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with the alpine swamp, meadow and steppe as the main ecosystem types. However, the microbial communities in these alpine ecosystems, and their carbon and nitrogen degrading metabolic networks and limiting factors remain unclear.

Methods: We sequenced the diversity of bacteria and fungi in alpine swamps, meadows, steppes, and their degraded and artificially restored ecosystems and analyzed soil environmental conditions.

The spatial variation and driving factors of soil total carbon and nitrogen in the Heihe River source region.

Soil carbon and nitrogen levels are key indicators of soil fertility and are used to assess ecological value and safeguard the environment. Previous studies have focused on the contributions of vegetation, topography, physical and chemical qualities, and meteorology to soil carbon and nitrogen change, but there has been little consideration of landscape and ecological environment types as potential driving forces. The study investigated the horizontal and vertical distribution and influencing factors of total carbon and total nitrogen in soil at 0-20 and 20-50 cm depths in the source region of the Heihe River.

Effects of climate change on vegetation dynamics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a causality analysis using empirical dynamic modeling.

Given the vital role of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) as water tower in Asia and regulator for regional and even global climate, the relationship between climate change and vegetation dynamics on it has received considerable focused attention. Climate change may influence the vegetation growth on the plateau, but clear empirical evidence of such causal linkages is sparse. Herein, using datasets CRU-TS v4.

Spatial-temporal evolution of production-living-ecological space and layout optimization strategy in eco-sensitive areas: a case study of typical area on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China.

To achieve sustainable development goals and to solve environmental problems, land resources in eco-sensitive areas should be used and optimized. Qinghai, which is an important eco-sensitive area in China, represents a typical ecological vulnerable region on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Using land use/cover data for 2000, 2010 and 2020, this study applied a series of quantitative methods to analyze the spatial pattern and structure of the production-living-ecological space (PLES) in Qinghai.

Multi-strategy self-learning particle swarm optimization algorithm based on reinforcement learning.

The trade-off between exploitation and exploration is a dilemma inherent to particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. Therefore, a growing body of PSO variants is devoted to solving the balance between the two. Among them, the method of self-adaptive multi-strategy selection plays a crucial role in improving the performance of PSO algorithms but has yet to be well exploited.

Long short-term memory with activation on gradient.

As the number of long short-term memory (LSTM) layers increases, vanishing/exploding gradient problems exacerbate and have a negative impact on the performance of the LSTM. In addition, the ill-conditioned problem occurs in the training process of LSTM and adversely affects its convergence. In this work, a simple and effective method of the gradient activation is applied to the LSTM, while empirical criteria for choosing gradient activation hyperparameters are found.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That C17 Mycosubtilin Antagonizes by Interfering with Multiple Functional Pathways of Fungi.

Verticillium wilt is a kind of soil-borne plant fungal disease caused by (Vd). Vd 991 is a strong pathogen causing cotton Verticillium wilt. Previously, we isolated a compound from the secondary metabolites of J15 (BS J15), which showed a significant control effect on cotton Verticillium wilt and was identified as C17 mycosubtilin.

Priming effects of nZVI on carbon sequestration and iron uptake are positively mediated by AM fungus in semiarid agricultural soils.

We investigated the priming effect of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on carbon sink and iron uptake, and the possible mediation by AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Funneliformis mosseae) in semiarid agricultural soils. Maize seed dressings comprised of three nZVI concentrations of 0, 1, 2 g·kg and was tested with and without AMF inoculation under high and low soil moistures, respectively. The ICP-OES observations indicated that both low dose of nZVI (1 g·kg) and high dose of nZVI (2 g·kg) significantly increased the iron concentrations in roots (L: 54.

Effects of cadmium stress on fruits germination and growth of two herbage species.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a global environmental problem. It is of great significance to find a kind of pasture that can grow normally in a cadmium environment, especially in the Tibetan Plateau. We studied the fruit germination and fruit growth of S.

Morphology, photosynthetic physiology and biochemistry of nine herbaceous plants under water stress.

Global climate warming and shifts in rainfall patterns are expected to trigger increases in the frequency and magnitude of drought and/or waterlogging stress in plants. To cope with water stress, plants develop diverse tactics. However, the adoption capability and mechanism vary depending upon the plant species identity as well as stress duration and intensity.

Mitigation mechanism of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cadmium toxicity in tomato.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution seriously reduces the yield and quality of vegetables. Reducing Cd accumulation in vegetables is of great significance for improving food safety and sustainable agricultural development. Here, using tomato as the material, we analyzed the effect of foliar spraying with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Cd accumulation and tolerance in tomato seedlings.

Rediscovery of Perlodinella microlobata Wu, 1938, with notes on Tibetisoperla sclerotica Yan, Chen, Bozdogan & Li, 2022 (Plecoptera: Perlodidae).

Perlodinella microlobata Wu, 1938 is rediscovered in Qinghai and Sichuan provinces with a supplementary description in this paper. Another species collected from Qinghai at the same time, Tibetisoperla sclerotica Yan, Chen, Bozdogan & Li, 2022, is partially revised because the adult female belongs to the chloroperlid genus Sweltsa Ricker, 1943.

Thickness effects of polyethylene and biodegradable film residuals on soil properties and dryland maize productivity.

Plastic film residuals are increasingly remaining in cultivated lands. However, it is a critical issue how residual plastic type and thickness affect soil properties and crop yield. To address this issue, in situ landfill was conducted using thick polyethylene (PEt1), thin polyethylene (PEt2), thick biodegradable (BIOt1), thin biodegradable (BIOt2) residues, and CK (control) with no residues landfill in a semiarid maize field.

Antibiotics affected the bacterial community structure and diversity in pore water and sediments with cultivated in a typical Chinese shallow lake.

The migration of antibiotics and bacterial communities between sediments and pore water occurring in the lake, which is affected by aquatic vegetation. However, the differences in bacterial community structure and biodiversity between pore water and sediments with plants in lakes under antibiotic stress are still poorly understood. We collected pore water and sediments in both wild and cultivated regions in the Zaozhadian (ZZD) Lake to explore the characteristics of the bacterial community.

Spatiotemporal Variation of Soil Erosion Characteristics in the Qinghai Lake Basin Based on the InVEST Model.

The present study aims to quantitatively assess soil erosion intensity (SEI) and amounts in the Qinghai Lake Basin (QLB) over the 1990-2020 period using the Integrated Valuation Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model based on multi-source data. In addition, the changing trends and driving factors of soil erosion (SE) in the study area were systematically analyzed. The result showed: (1) An increasing-decreasing trend in the total soil erosion amount (SEA) in the QLB over the 1990-2020 period, with an average SEI of 579.

Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in Wild .

(Benth.) Kudo is a perennial and unique medicinal plant of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has the effects of diminishing inflammation, activating blood circulation, removing blood stasis, reducing swelling, and relieving pain.

Preliminary screening of biomarkers in HAPE based on quasi-targeted metabolomics.

High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a serious threat to the physical and mental health of people who quickly enter high plateaus, deserves more attention and in-depth research. In our study, through the detection of various physiological indexes and other phenotypes in a HAPE rat model, the HAPE group showed a significant decrease in oxygen partial pressure and oxygen saturation, and a significant increase in pulmonary artery pressure and lung tissue water content. The lung histomorphology showed characteristics such as pulmonary interstitial thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration.

NoiseMol: A noise-robusted data augmentation via perturbing noise for molecular property prediction.

Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System (SMILES) is one of a widely used molecular representation methods for molecular property prediction. We conjecture that all the characters in the SMILES string of a molecule are essential for making up the molecules, but most of them make little contribution to determining a particular property of the molecule. Therefore, we verified the conjecture in the pre-experiment.

Effects of Cd treatment on morphology, chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity of Griseb., a native plant in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Cd pollution is a global environmental problem. However, the response mechanism of the alpine plant Pelagia under Cd stress remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, a native plant( Griseb.

Genomic divergence between two sister Medicago species triggered by the quaternary climatic oscillations on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and northern China.

Speciation is a central topic in evolutionary biology. However, how genomic divergence originates and accumulates in the face of gene flow during ecological adaptation remains poorly understood. Closely related species that have adapted to distinct environments but inhabit some overlapping ranges provide an ideal system to evaluate this issue.