Causal relationship between genetically predicted mental disorders and frailty: a bidirectional and multivariable mendelian randomization study.

Background: In observational studies, frailty has been strongly associated with mental disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between frailty and mental disorders remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the causal relationship between frailty, as measured by the frailty index (FI), and ten common mental disorders.

Perspectives on Enhanced Measurement-Based Care Among Healthcare Providers, Adults, Adolescent Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Pediatric Family Members: A Multicenter Online Investigation.

Objective: Measurement-based care (MBC) is an emerging, objective, and systematic evidence-based practice for monitoring symptom severity and treatment efficacy to assist clinicians in developing individualized treatment strategies for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators of enhanced MBC (eMBC) in the outpatient setting to clarify the eMBC utilization dilemma.

Methods: Between September 2022 and June 2023, we collected the opinions of healthcare providers, adult and adolescent patients, and family members of adolescent patients via online surveys.

Gonadal hormone abnormalities in young patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Background: Gonadal hormones have been reported to be involved in the molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia (SCH). However, only a few studies have examined the gonadal hormone dysfunctions in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients, in particular in young patients with SCH. This study was designed to investigate the sex differences in gonadal hormones in young and antipsychotic-naïve FES patients.

Who can benefit more from its twelve-week treatment: A prospective cohort study of blonanserin for patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Blonanserin (BNS) is a well-tolerated and effective drug for treating schizophrenia.

Aim: To investigate which types of patients would obtain the most benefit from BNS treatment.

Methods: A total of 3306 participants were evaluated in a 12-week, prospective, multicenter, open-label post-marketing surveillance study of BNS.

Host-dependent C-to-U RNA editing in SARS-CoV-2 creates novel viral genes with optimized expressibility.

Rampant C-to-U RNA editing drives the mutation and evolution of SARS-CoV-2. While much attention has been paid to missense mutations, the C-to-U events leading to AUG and thus creating novel ORFs were uninvestigated. By utilizing the public time-course mutation data from the worldwide SARS-CoV-2 population, we systematically identified the "AUG-gain mutations" caused by C-to-U RNA editing.

Cognitive improvements linked to lysophosphatidylethanolamine after olanzapine treatment in drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia.

Background: Cognitive impairments are a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia (SCZ). Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is the second most abundant phospholipid in mammalian cells, yet its role in cognitive deficits remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between plasma LysoPE and cognitive improvements following olanzapine monotherapy in drug-naïve first-episode (DNFE) SCZ patients.

Altered brain function in treatment-resistant depression patients: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: It has been established that there are functional changes in the brain of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients, but previous studies of functional connectivity (FC) usually involved selection of regions of interest based on accumulated a priori knowledge of the disorder. In this study, we combine amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and FC; this approach, based on the abnormal ALFF, may provide some insights into the neural basis of the disease in terms of fMRI signals of low-frequency fluctuations.

Methods: A total of 16 TRD patients, who visited the Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shandong Province, China between March 2023 and January 2024, along with 16 normal subjects, were enrolled into this study for functional imaging.

Altered dynamic neural activities in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms.

Objectives: Depressive symptoms are the most prevalent comorbidity in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic characteristics of resting-state neural activities in OCD patients with depressive symptoms.

Methods: We recruited 29 OCD patients with depressive symptoms, 21 OCD patients without depressive symptoms, and 27 healthy controls, and collected data via structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Risk Factors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The co-morbidity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) has a negative impact on patient treatment and prognosis. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with BD and investigate the risk factors of NAFLD.

Patients And Methods: A total of 678 patients with BD were included in the study.

Does how individuals handle social situations exacerbate the relationship between physique anxiety and food addiction? The role of emotional expressive suppression and social avoidance and distress.

Background: Research on food addiction has increased significantly in recent years. It has been demonstrated that food addiction can lead to impairments in physiological, psychological, and social functioning in individuals. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the influence of how individuals handle social situations on food addiction and the specific mechanisms involved.

Two hub genes of bipolar disorder, a bioinformatics study based on the GEO database.

Bipolar disorder is a mood illness that affects many people. It has a high recurrence frequency and will cause significant damage to the patient's social function. At present, the pathogenesis of BD is not clear.

The Relationship Between Religious Beliefs and Related Factors and Psychiatric Symptoms in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Secondary Analysis of Data From NIPHEAC, 2020.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the psychiatric symptoms and associated risk and protective factors among religious adolescents after 2-month home confinement against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in China.

Methods: 11,603 Chinese adolescents in grades 7-9 were recruited in this survey. An online survey was designed to collect the data.

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and cognitive performances in first-episode patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Abnormal immune and inflammatory responses are considered to contribute to schizophrenia (SZ). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inexpensive and reproducible marker of systemic inflammatory responses. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that NLR values are increased in SZ compared to healthy controls and closely related to clinical symptoms in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode SZ (ANFES) patients.

Preparation and Evaluation of Clarithromycin Taste-Masking Dry Suspension Using Hot Melt Extrusion Based on Solid Dispersion Technology.

Clarithromycin (CLA) is the preferred drug for treating respiratory infections in pediatric patients, but it has the drawbacks of extreme bitterness and poor water solubility. The purpose of this study was to improve solubility and mask the extreme bitterness of CLA. We use Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) to convert CLA and Eudragit E100 into Solid Dispersion (SD).

Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients caused by down-regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits.

Background: The expression pattern of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunits are commonly altered in patients with schizophrenia, which may lead to nerve excitation/inhibition problems, affecting cognition, emotion, and behavior.

Aim: To explore GABA receptor expression and its relationship with schizophrenia and to provide insights into more effective treatments.

Methods: This case-control study enrolled 126 patients with schizophrenia treated at our hospital and 126 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital during the same period.

Cucurbitacin E Alleviates Colonic Barrier Function Impairment and Inflammation Response and Improves Microbial Composition on Experimental Colitis Models.

Purpose: Cucurbitacins, which are found in a variety of medicinal plants, vegetables and fruits, were known for their diverse pharmacological and biological activities, including anticancer, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Cucurbitacin E, one of the major cucurbitacins, was recently proved to inhibit inflammatory response.

Methods: To explore the therapeutic effects of cucurbitacin E on colitis and the underlying mechanisms, male mice drunk water containing 2.

Effects of CACNA1C and ANK3 on cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex, severe mental illness with cognitive impairment. Impairments in attention and memory are particularly evident. A large number of previous studies have identified CACNA1C and ANK3 gene variants as risk factors for BD and both affect cognitive function in people with BD.

A control study on pain characteristics and influencing factors in patients with depressive disorders-based on a 5-year follow-up report from the epidemiological survey of mental disorders in Shandong Province, China.

Background: This study extends from the 2015 Shandong Province Epidemiological Survey of Mental Disorders in adults aged 18 and above. Over five years, it investigates pain characteristics and influencing factors in individuals with depressive disorders in Shandong Province.

Methods: The study encompasses 871 individuals who met DSM-IV criteria for depressive disorders in 2015.